Advanced High-Temperature, High-Pressure Transport Reactor Gasification Page: 16 of 147
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Table 1. TRDU Design and Typical Actual Operating Conditions
Parameter Design P056 and P057 P056 P057
Conditions Gasification Gasification Gasification Gasification
Coal Illinois No. 6 Wyodak Illinois No. 6 SUFCo
Moisture Content, % 5 20 8.5 9.5
Pressure, bar 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3
Steam:Coal Ratio, lb/lb coal 0.34 0.29 0.39 0.14 to 0.41
Air:Coal Ratio, lb/lb coal 4.0 2.69 2.59 3.34-3.45
Ca:S Mole Ratio, sorbent 1.5 2 2 2
Coal Feed Rate, lb/hr 198 276.6 232.5 220
J-Leg Zone, C, avg. 9.931010e+13 8.00850841e+17 9.019359e+17 866-876
Mixing Zone, C , avg. 920-950
Riser, C, avg. 894-914
Standpipe, C, avg. 828-860
Dipleg, C, avg. 555-591
TRDU Outlet, C, avg. 856-877
Carbon Conversion, % >80 89 76 72-87
Carbon in Bed, %, Standpipe 20 to 40 6 to 15 6 to 15 5 to 20
Riser Velocity, ft/s 31.3 30 24 25-31
Standpipe Velocity, ft/s 0.1 0.4 to 0.5 0.45 0.4-0.45
Circulation Rate, lb/hr 30000 3000 to 6000 4000 2650-4200
HHV of Fuel Gas, Act., 100 62-75 61113 52-75
Btu/scf, 105-117 93-130
Cor., Btu/scf
Duration, hr NA 179 41 118
coal feed. This staged gasification process is expected to enhance the process efficiency.
Gasification or combustion and desulfurization reactions are carried out in the riser as coal, sorbent,
and oxidant (with steam for gasification) flow up the reactor. The solids circulation into the mixing
zone is controlled by the solids level in the standpipe and by the gas flow rates and distribution in
the J-leg aeration nozzles.
The riser, disengager, standpipe, and cyclones are equipped with several internal and skin
thermocouples. Nitrogen-purged pressure taps are also provided to record differential pressure
across the riser, disengager, and the cyclones. The data acquisition and control system scans the data
points every one-half second and saves the process data every 30 seconds. The bulk of entrained
solids leaving the riser is separated from the gas stream in the disengager and circulated back to the
riser via the standpipe. A solids stream can be withdrawn from the standpipe via an auger to
maintain the system's solids inventory. Gas exiting the disengager enters a primary cyclone. Solids
from the primary cyclone were collected in a lock hopper for earlier tests through approximately
Test P055. In tests after P055, the dipleg solids have been recirculated back to the standpipe through
the dipleg crossover. Gas exiting this cyclone enters a jacketed-pipe heat exchanger before entering
the hot-gas filter vessel (HGFV). The cleaned gases leaving the HGFV enter a quench system
before being depressurized and vented to a flare.
The quench system uses a sieve tower and two direct-contact water scrubbers to act as heat
sinks and remove impurities. All water and organic vapors are condensed in the first scrubber, with4
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Swanson, Michael L. Advanced High-Temperature, High-Pressure Transport Reactor Gasification, report, August 30, 2005; [Grand Forks, North Dakota]. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc889538/m1/16/: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.