Characterizing Electron Temperature Gradient Turbulence Via Numerical Simulation Page: 7 of 67
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2"a Revision
request of the Plasma Science and Advanced Computing Initiative program advisory
committee,2 we undertook the benchmarking ETG benchmarking effort reported in Secs.
II thru IV following.
The work of Nevins et al.2' and initial efforts by this group demonstrated that the ETG
turbulence observed in simulations at the electron analogue of the Cyclone ITG
benchmark points including trapped particles is so violent as to make PIC simulations
impractical, while continuum simulations at this operating point are limited by the
(nonlinear) Courant condition for the ExB flow (forcing codes with adaptive integrators
to progressively shorter time steps) and often fail to reach a steady-state. (The
simulations of Refs. 13-15 had trapped particles turned off. This provided a long-
wavelength cut off that helped achieve saturation.) Hence, we have concluded that the
electron analogue of the Cyclone ITG benchmark point is not an appropriate operating
point for benchmarking simulations of ETG turbulence. We present an alternate ETG
benchmark operating point in Sec. II together with linear analysis of ETG instability at
this operating point. Convergence tests at this new benchmark point are presented in Sec.
III, where we demonstrate excellent convergence in time step and velocity space
resolution and investigate issues relating to numerical convergence with respect to the
perpendicular (to the magnetic field, B) size and resolution of the simulation. Simulation
results from the continuum gyrokinetic codes GYRO,23 GS2," and GENE13 as well as the
PIC gyrokinetic code PG3EQ7 are compared in Sec. IV. In Sec. V we present results
from a parameter scan in which the electron heat transport due to ETG turbulenceETG Benchmark
WMN
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Nevins, W M; Candy, J; Cowley, S; Dannert, T; Dimits, A; Dorland, W et al. Characterizing Electron Temperature Gradient Turbulence Via Numerical Simulation, article, May 22, 2006; Livermore, California. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc889422/m1/7/: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.