Hanford Tank 241-C-106: Impact of Cement Reactions on Release of Contaminants from Residual Waste Page: 61 of 177
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Fe-Mn-O C H phases observed by SEM/EDS in the samples of C-106 residual waste analyzed by
Deutsch et al. (2005a). The Fe-Cr and Fe-Mn oxide phases were not common in the samples of C-106
residual waste analyzed by Deutsch et al. (2005b), but were nonetheless observed by SEM/EDS.
Although Fe was detected by EDS in the Ca-Mn-Al-Si-Fe- Pb REE(Ce) Cr(trace)-P-O C H phase and
possibly enriched in areas in some particles at the submicrometer scale (see EDS element maps discussed
later in this section), no distinct Fe-Cr or Fe-Mn oxide phases were identified by EDS or bulk XRD in the
Ca(OH)2- and Ca(OH)2/CaCO3-leached samples.
The SEM/EDS analyses did not indicate the presence of I, Tc, or U in any particles or aggregates
present in the Ca(OH)2- and CaCO3-leached samples. This was due to their low concentrations in these
residual waste samples and the high detection limits for analysis by EDS.
Colorized and black-and-white element distribution maps were also recorded for particles and
aggregates present in the 1-month (Figure 4.12 and Figure 4.13) and Stage 6 sequential (Figure 4.14,
Figure 4.15, and Figure 4.16) Ca(OH)2-leached, and in 1-month (Figure 4.17 and Figure 4.18) and Stage 6
sequential (Figure 4.19 and Figure 4.20) CaCO3-leached samples. The BSE SEM micrographs at the top
of Figure 4.12 through Figure 4.20 show the particles included in the element distribution maps given in
each figure. For the colorized element distribution maps, keys are given in each figure to indicate which
elements correspond to each color. For the black-and-white element distribution maps, the concentration
of each listed element is directly proportional to the regions of brightness (i.e., brighter the area, the
higher the concentration of that element) in the corresponding distribution map.
The element distribution maps (Figure 4.14 through Figure 4.20) clearly show the complexity of the
compositions of phases, especially for the mineral aggregates, in the Ca(OH)2- and CaCO3-leached
samples. Like the EDS spectra in Figure 4.6 through Figure 4.11 and Appendices B through E, the
element distribution maps illustrate the importance of Mn, Ca, and Al with respect to the particle com-
positions and bulk chemistry of these Ca(OH)2- and CaCO3-leached samples. Although the importance of
Mn and Al in C-106 residual waste solids was previously shown in the SEM/EDS results in Deutsch et al.
(2005a) and EDS element distribution maps in Deutsch et al. (2005b), the SEM/EDS results in this report,
such as Figure 4.14 through Figure 4.20, suggest that the Ca concentrations have increased in the
Ca(OH)2- and CaCO3-leached solid samples relative to the unleached residual waste from tank C-106.
This includes the increase in Ca concentration detected by EDS in the Ca-Mn-Al-Si-Fe- Pb REE(Ce)
Cr(trace)-P-O C H solids which are common in these leached materials and the identification by EDS
of a Ca-Al-O-C H phase, which was not previously observed in the unleached C-106 residual waste.4.32
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Deutsch, William J.; Krupka, Kenneth M.; Lindberg, Michael J.; Cantrell, Kirk J.; Brown, Christopher F. & Schaef, Herbert T. Hanford Tank 241-C-106: Impact of Cement Reactions on Release of Contaminants from Residual Waste, report, September 1, 2006; Richland, Washington. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc887933/m1/61/: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.