Optimizing the Binding Energy of Hydrogen on Nanostructured Carbon Materials through Structure Control and Chemical Doping Page: 3 of 27
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DE-FC36-05GO15103
Duke University.
Project Objectives and Achievements:
The objectives of the project, in both Phase I and Phase II were the following:
Phase I:
1. Growth of uniform nanotubes with controlled diameters:
By using identical nanocluster molecules with different sizes as catalysts for nanotube
growth, we expect to control the diameter of the produced uniform nanotubes. Milligram
to gram quantity uniform nanotubes will be produced to provide to other team members
for the testing of their performance as a hydrogen storage media and studying the
diameter dependence of the nanotube-hydrogen interaction.
2. Nanotube "cloning":
We will study the re-growth and "cloning" of nanotubes in close collaboration with the
Hydrogen Sorption Center of Excellence (HSCoE) by depositing these cluster molecules
on the open ends of existing short nanotubes that were pre-sorted according to their size
and helicity. We believe if nanotubes grow from these catalysts, the new nanotubes will
adapt the same helicity as the seeding short nanotubes. By starting with nanotubes seeds
with known size and helicity, we can precisely control the type of nanotubes produced.
Phase II:
1. Methods for pore size control in microporous carbon materials:
The goal is to synthesize microporous carbon materials with controllable pore size
distribution using organic molecules as templates. Different surfactant molecules and
different annealing temperature will be used to control the pore size distribution in the
materials. Compared with other approaches, such as Carbide-Derived-Carbons (CDC)
and Zeolite-templated carbon materials, this approach will offer more flexible control of
pore size and doping concentration. It also avoids the use of chlorine and HF.
2. Doping of the porous carbon materials with metal atoms and boron atoms:
Another goal is to develop methods to use simple precursors containing metal atoms and
Boron atoms to prepare microporous carbon with controlled doping. This project will
demonstrate the change in hydrogen binding energy through doping and do systematic
studies on the effect of pore size and doping level to discover the optimum binding
energy for hydrogen. This project will also demonstrate that these materials have
potential to exceed the 2015 DOE system goal of 5.5 wt% and 0.040 kg H2/L by volume
when embodied in a systems.
Achievements:
For Phase I of the project, we focused on the synthesis and purification of small diameter carbon
nanotubes. The synthesis method of small diameter single walled carbon nanotubes (CNT) was
developed and prepared in gram quantity and resulting materials were tested. However, the
characterization and performance testing of the materials did not show any enhancement in
hydrogen storage. Nevertheless, our research has contributed to the understanding of thePage 3 of 27
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Liu, Jie. Optimizing the Binding Energy of Hydrogen on Nanostructured Carbon Materials through Structure Control and Chemical Doping, report, February 1, 2011; United States. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc846970/m1/3/: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.