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The Article V Convention: Historical Perspectives for Congress
Contents
Introduction.............................................................................................. 1
Congress and the Article V Convention in the 21st Century............................................ 1
Constitutional Provisions: Article V Offers Two Modes of Amendment ............................ 3
Proposal of Amendments by Congress .............................................................. 4
Constitutional Provisions......................................................................... 4
Supplementary Provisions........................................................................ 4
Proposal of Amendments by an Article V Convention............................................. 5
Constitutional Provisions......................................................................... 5
Supplementary Provisions........................................................................ 6
"Original Intent:" The Founders Include the Article V Convention Process in the U. S.
Constitution .............................................................................................. 6
Efforts to Summon an Article V Convention: The Experience of the 20th Century ................. 8
Direct Election of Senators, 1893-1912 ............................................................. 9
State Legislative Apportionment, 1964-1969...................................................... 10
The Balanced Budget Amendment, 1975-1983.................................................... 12
Anticipating an Article V Convention: Legislative Proposals in the 93rd Through
102nd Congresses................................................................................. 14
The Role of the States in an Article V Convention .................................................... 14
Proposing a Convention: Actions in the State Legislatures....................................... 14
Action by Both Houses Required .............................................................. 15
Choice of Legislative Vehicle................................................................... 15
Legislative Procedure ........................................................................... 15
State Applications for an Article V Convention: Scope and Conditions ....................... 16
Must Applications Share Identical Language or Is Issue Congruency Sufficient? ....... 16
Conditional Applications........................................................................ 17
Timeliness/Contemporaneity ................................................................... 18
May a State Amend or Rescind Its Application for an Article V Convention?9........... 19
May a State Application Contain a Self-Canceling Provision? .............................. 19
Submitting the Applications to Congress .......................................................... 20
A Role for the State Governor?..................................................................... 20
Concluding Observations ................................................................................ 21
Contacts
Author Contact Information ............................................................................. 22Congressional Research Service
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Neale, Thomas H. The Article V Convention for Proposing Constitutional Amendments: Historical Perspectives for Congress, report, October 22, 2012; Washington D.C.. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc821587/m1/3/: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.