TECHNOLOGY MATURATION OF DISPERSION TECHNOLOGY TO AUGMENT BIOREMEDIATION Page: 4 of 28
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LANL PROJECT#04394-001-99-35
"Dispersion Technology to Augment Bio-Remediation"
Objective: "Dispersion Technology to Augment Bio-Remediation" was to develop and
implement protocols for bench sized field-testing and laboratory analysis to further
evaluate and support the use of dispersion products such as 54GO to augment bio-
remediation with selected microbes. Microbes alone have been utilized for years to
remediate contaminated areas. However, in many cases microbes alone have taken
several years to achieve acceptable remediation levels. Preliminary tests, performed
by 54GO Performance Chemicals, have shown that when microbes are used in
conjunction with a dispersant such as 54GO, the time for acceptable remediation is
shortened. In this project four waste types are to be tested using 54GO in concert with
stress selected microbes. These four waste types are 1] creosote/PAH (polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons) contaminated soil, 2] manufactured gas plant waste, 3] soil
saturated with crude oil and 4] soil saturated with diesel fuel. These wastes were
selected because they represent known areas of concern in Northern New Mexico.
The analytical objective is to analyze these four waste types using a] microbes alone,
b] 54GO alone and c] microbes and 54GO in concert. The success of the testing will
be monitored by testing for total petroleum hydrocarbons [TPH] and polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons [PAH] during the six week test period.
Summary: The data obtained from this preliminary short-term project demonstrated
that dispersants such as 54GO are effective in accelerating the bio-remediation of soils
containing contamination from waste oils, diesel, creosote and manufactured gas plant
waste. This acceleration appears to be in the observation that 54GO quickly separates
the hydrocarbon wastes from the soil particles, thereby allowing closer contact with the
microbes. The project time limitations impacted the scope of data but was able to
demonstrate a general reduction in the levels of contaminates. In this project only Total
Petroleum Hydrocarbons [TPH] and 17 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [PAH] were
analyzed. These were chosen because they are standardized by EPA methodology.
The raw data from these analytical methods indicate that there are many more
intermediate metabolites from the bio-remediation process that were not identified or
measured [a limitation of the 17 analyte EPA Method 8270 protocol]. The limited data
from these bio-reactors indicates that when both 54GO [dispersant] and stress selected
microbes are used the reduction of contaminate metabolites is the greatest. The use
of microbes alone was also effective, but not consistent and to a lesser degree. An
additional observation with 54GO, either alone or with microbes is that significant
amounts of hydrocarbons were "extracted or released" from the test soils and became a
separate phase floating on the surface of these bio-reactors. The levels of floating "oil"
in these bio-reactors made mixing and sampling difficult tasks. This latter effect of,
54GO, indicates that this family of dispersants are excellent candidates for classic soil
washing techniques and may be better served by pre-treating waste soils before mixing
with microbes. It is estimated that 75% or more of the hydrocarbons were in the "oil"
phase in these bio-reactors even in low water conditions [saturated soil].
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Neely, Jerry. TECHNOLOGY MATURATION OF DISPERSION TECHNOLOGY TO AUGMENT BIOREMEDIATION, report, July 1, 2000; New Mexico. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc721125/m1/4/: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.