Responses of Fishes to a Low pH Environment Page: 44
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44
of mucus were evident, especially on eyes, around the gills, and along
lateral line canals and fins. This could affect the fish by indirectly
causing its death through reduced predator-avoidance capabilities (Daye
and Garside, 1976; Major, 1979). Gill lamellae, the site of gas exchange,
could become blocked by mucus, resulting in respiratory failure and,
ultimately, hypoxic death (Ultsch and Gros, 1979; Fromm, 1980). Even in
sublethal exposure, energy required to balance hypertrophic mucosal cells
could result in reduced growth and/or reproduction, and hence adversely
affect the species' success in the community. In any respect, the most
sensitive species would disappear in relatively few generations of
intermittent acute exposures (Beamish, 1974). Moderately tolerant pop-
ulations could be expected to reflect the progressive stress from chronic
exposure in their population structure or their condition coefficients.
Only the most tolerant individuals would contribute to the next genera-
tion. A practical method.of rearing super-tolerant strains of sport and
forage fishes for stocking lakes susceptible to acidic conditions would
be of great benefit (Robinson, et al., 1976).
Avoidance by bluegill of pH less than 7.0 suggests that even rela-
tively minor depression in pH from neutrality, either directly or through
parallel alteration of other aspects of the water chemistry, elicits
active behavioral avoidance as a first line of defense. Bluegill avoid-
ance levels agree closely with those reported by Matthews (1977) for red
shiners (Notropis lutrensis) tested in a similar apparatus,but indicate
a more sensitive response than Jones (1964) reported for sticklebacks
(Gasterosteus aculeatus).
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Prete, Philip J. (Philip John). Responses of Fishes to a Low pH Environment, thesis, August 1981; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc663820/m1/50/: accessed July 18, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .