Middle Urals` pollution prevention priorities assessment project Page: 5 of 9
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This project will allow Russian federal, regional and local governments to more
effectively focus efforts and direct capital investments to reduce the detrimental
influence of current pollution sources on the environment and ultimately on human
health, at both regional and local levels.
Results of the project and the experience accumulated during its performance will be
useful thereafter to solve analogous problems in other regions of the Urals and,
possibly, in other parts of Russia and other nations.
Introduction
The Middle Urals region of Russia, which includes the central and southern part of
Sverdlovskaya oblast and the central and northern part of Chelyabinskaya oblast, is
an important Russian industrial region. The key industries are also the most
environmentally damaging: mining, metallurgical and chemical industries. There are
some 600 large- and medium-sized enterprises located within this region.
According to the data presented in "The State Report on Environmental Conditions
in Russia in 1992", the Ural region has the largest total atmospheric emissions of
gaseous and aerosol wastes in Russia. The main contributors of these discharges
are the industrial enterprises and transportation vehicles of Sverdlovskaya and
Chelyabinskaya oblasts.
The Middle Urals' region is situated at the junction of three water basins, all of which
are seriously contaminated with heavy metals, petroleum products, organic matter,
nitrates and other pollutants. The levels and diversity of contaminants make it
difficult to solve environmental problems, including those associated with regional
food and water supplies.
The territory under discussion is also characterized by intensive agriculture and by
intensive consumption of natural resources: mining, water use, State timber
purchasing, recreation, wild berries and mushrooms.
The impact on the environment is redoubled by a high population density.
The environmental problems of the Middle Urals are of such magnitude,
seriousness, and urgency that the limited available resources can be applied only to
the problems of the highest priority in the most cost-effective way.
Project Objectives
By the combined efforts of scientists from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
(USA), Institute of Industrial Ecology (Ekaterinburg, Russia) and Russian Federal2
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Gonzalez, M.; Ott, R.L. & Chukanov, V. Middle Urals` pollution prevention priorities assessment project, article, September 13, 1995; California. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc623799/m1/5/: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.