Theories Contrasted: Rudy's Variability in the Associative Process (V.A.P.) and Martin's Encoding Variability Page: 5
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5
for these unselected nominal stimulus components. Until a
correct elicitation of the response, all components still
undergo association formation. Once that criterion is met,
then there is no further associative bonding between the
components, whatever their salience, and response. The only
way in which further association can occur is if the
response recalled to the stimulus is incorrect. To para-
phrase Rudy, when the subject encounters a stimulus, a pre-
diction is made which forms the basis for recall performance.
The results of comparing this prediction to what actually
happens (wrong or right) determines whether or not further
associative processing occurs. In general, the greater the
disparity between prediction and outcome, the greater the
degree of study the item will receive (Rudy, 1974). Figure 2
schematically presents Rudy's view.
Nominal Elements Elements Associated
Stimulus Are Scanned with Response
A1 A3 -R
A123 A2 A1 -R
A3 A2 -R
Fig. 2--Rudy's view of the memory process
It is important to note that both Figures 1 and 2
represent an example of only one of many possible encoding
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Fuhr, Susan R. Theories Contrasted: Rudy's Variability in the Associative Process (V.A.P.) and Martin's Encoding Variability, thesis, December 1976; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc503837/m1/10/: accessed July 18, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .