An Investigation of the Relationship Among Occupational Opportunities for Women, Marriage, and Fertility Page: 36
vi, 148 leaves : ill.View a full description of this dissertation.
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36
exerts a greater influence on fertility than working or non-
working status. As a result, "national efforts to 'liberate
women' through changes in sex-role attitudes, such as appear
to be taking place in China, could have an independent
effect on lowering fertility" (3, p. 709).
The following paradigm illustrates the relationship
between the economic and social-psychological costs of work
and female labor-force participation. In a society where
Rewards
Prediction for
Economic Social-Psychological Fertility
+ + ^ High
+ . _ „ ^ Moderate
+ — ^ Moderate
Low
Fig.—1 Costs of fertility.
both the economic and social-psychological, i.e., societal
reinforcement, costs of children are positive, one could pre-
dict that fertility would be high. In societies where either
the economic or social-psychological costs of children are
positive, the fertility might be high to moderate; and in
societies where the economic and social-psychological costs
of children are negative, fertility is predicted to be low.
Although the paradigm may be limited to heuristic value, it
can be used in evaluating the relationship between labor-
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Ross, Patricia A. An Investigation of the Relationship Among Occupational Opportunities for Women, Marriage, and Fertility, dissertation, May 1977; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330883/m1/45/: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .