An Investigation of the Relationship Among Occupational Opportunities for Women, Marriage, and Fertility Page: 15
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15
married and fertility in an SMSA. The inclusion of these two
variables should improve our understanding of the relation-
ship between the independent and dependent variables.
Social-psychological studies of fertility behavior have
been criticized for several reasons. Although many of these
studies did find a negative relationship between female
labor-force participation and fertility, the relationship
seems to have been submerged in a myriad of findings and con-
clusions. Further, the fertility studies have been criti-
cized by one of the researchers who participated in the
investigation, Norman Ryder. He suggests that they tried to
serve too many masters. The objectives were too broad in
scope and, as such, need to be narrowed in range and per-
spective (31). It seems appropriate to undertake an investi-
gation that focuses on one factor as it relates to marriage
an<^ fertility, i.e., occupational opportunities for women.
One of the primary considerations of the fertility
studies has been to determine the ideal family size of mar-
ried couples. This concept is an attitude and, as such, is
subject to change based on environmental and structural con-
ditions. One school of demographic thought suggests that
throughout history, families have limited their size in
accordance with the food supply, space restrictions, and the
economic conditions of the larger society (35, p. 89). In
other words, "ideal family size" is a dependent variable,
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Ross, Patricia A. An Investigation of the Relationship Among Occupational Opportunities for Women, Marriage, and Fertility, dissertation, May 1977; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330883/m1/24/: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .