Fuel Cycle Programs, Quarterly Progress Report: July-September 1981 Page: 81
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81
simulated waste glass tests, together with the extreme range of variation in
the tests. Except for the indicated linear correlations of Dg and the
respirable fraction with energy density, no attempt was made to provide
numerical correlations with energy density. At a given energy density, the
variability of the parameters in the table would be smaller than shown.
Overall, the variability is usually less than a factor of two, and thus is
sufficiently accurate for most accident analyses. However, a demonstration
of the scaling laws must be undertaken.
3. Comparison of Various Particle Size Measurements
In order to compare alternative techniques for measuring particle
size distributions of particles smaller than 90 Um, identical samples of such
particles (obtained for SRL 131 glass specimens that had been impacted in the
standard manner) were sent to five different laboratories, and one sample was
analyzed with our Coulter counter instrument.
A brief description of the five alternative methods is given below.
1. Micromerograph analyzer used by the Val-Dell Company of
Norristown, Pennsylvania. This method is based on Stoke's law of sedimenta-
tion velocity in gas. A sample of about 0.1 g is de-agglomerated and allowed
to fall through a 3 m column of nitrogen to an electronic servo-balance at
the bottom. The relative particle size distribution of the sample is deter-
mined from the record of mass accumulation as a function of time. (This method
was used for the reported size distribution of the feature particulate of
Australian SYNROC, discussed below.)
2. PMS-2000 analysis by Fluid Energy, Inc. of Hatfield,
Pennsylvania. This method is based on Stoke's law of sedimentation in liquid
and on the measurement of particle concentration by photoextinction. A 10-cm
test cell is filled with liquid in which the sample particles are suspended
initially in a 0.05% wt concentration. A light beam and associated instrumen-
tation monitors the progress of sedimentation at intervals of one second. A
computer program calculates the size distribution and produces a tabular or
graph output.
3. HIAC PA-70 analysis by the HIAC/ROYCO Division of the Pacific
Scientific Company, Menlo Park, California. This instrument measures the pro-
jected area of individual partic. ls as they pass through a light beam. The
suspending medium can be an aqueous or organic liquid or a gas; the medium
used was water with Ethomeen C-15 dispersant. This is a counting method, like
the Coulter counter, but it has a possible advantage in that measurement is
not limited to water-insoluble particles as is the Coulter instrument. Both
types of counters must cope with the highly irregular shapes of glass particles.
4. Sedigraph analysis by the Micromeritics Instrument Corporation,
Norcross, Georgia. This method is based on liquid sedimentation rate, as is
the Fluid Energy instrument (method 2 above), except that the Sedigraph uses
an X-ray source and a scintillation detector to measure particle concentration
in a liquid as a function of time.
5. ELZONE analysis by Particle Data Laboratories, Elmhurst,
Illinois. This instrument measures the displacement volume of individual
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Steindler, M. J.; Bates, J. K.; Bowers, D. L.; Brock, R. E.; Cannon, T. F.; Castelli, D. L. et al. Fuel Cycle Programs, Quarterly Progress Report: July-September 1981, report, May 1982; Argonne, Illinois. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc283345/m1/91/: accessed July 18, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.