Inhibition of Return in Schizophrenia Page: 4
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& Nuechterlein, 1984; Kietzman, Spring, & Zubin, 1985). In
addition, similar deficits have been identified in other
schizophrenia-related groups, such as schizotypal patients,
unaffected family members, and high-risk children (Siever,
1991).
Techniques Used to Assess Deficits in Processing
A number of the techniques used to measure information
processing and attentional deficits will be discussed below.
This discussion will by no means exhaust the techniques
being utilized currently or in the past. However, those
techniques discussed below have been used more widely and
thus, have been the foci of more extensive reviews on the
topic (cf., Braff, 1985; Braff, 1993; Dawson & Nuechterlein,
1984) .
The term "gating" has been used to describe the
inability of schizophrenia patients to "gate" or screen out
irrelevant stimuli. Gating deficits of individuals with
schizophrenia have been measured through the use of two
different techniques: (1) gating of the human startle
response; and (2) the gating of the P50 evoked response
potential (ERP). In the first technique, a startle response
is elicited by a sudden intense stimulus, such as a loud
tone or a bright light. When the intense stimulus is
preceded by a similar stimulus of weaker magnitude, however,
the startle response is inhibited (i.e., not as strong).
This phenomenon is known as prepulse inhibition, and is
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Hinds, Jeffrey D. (Jeffrey Dale). Inhibition of Return in Schizophrenia, thesis, August 1996; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279162/m1/10/: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .