Intergovernmental responsibilities for water supply and sewage disposal in metropolitan areas. Page: 77
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Thus, the State over the long run commits none of its
capital to the development of water storage and distribution
facilities in New Jersey. It does provide administrative and
technical competence, adequate jurisdiction to plan and develop
on a scope which transcends the capabilities of the municipal
units in New Jersey, and financial capability both by supplying
funds for initial development which are unpaid and by floating
bonds backed by the full faith and credit of the State.
California's water development activities have been on
a much greater scale than those in New Jersey. Financed by a
$1,750,000,000 bond issue, off-shore oil royalties and Federal
assistance, the California water program is one of the most
ambitious public works developments ever undertaken. The
primary objective of this massive effort is to supply water
to meet urban needs in the rapidly developing arid southern
half of the State.
Although California has sufficient water within the State
to meet its foreseeable needs, water and people have been distributed
in very different patterns. Almost three-quarters of
the streamflow occurs in the northern part of the State, much of
it running unused into the ocean, while almost 80 percent of the
water use occurs in the central and southern portions of the
State. The problem is complicated by the sporadic timing of
rainfall, dictating the provision of huge reservoir storage
capacity. Furthermore, although California will soon have the
greatest urban population of any State in the union, unlike the
East, the greater part of its water supply is hot used for urban
or industrial purposes. At present, 90 percent of all water use
is for irrigation. Even with the tremendous projected increase
in urban population, irrigation will continue to use about
80 percent of California's water.
Water resources development in California, as in most States,
has not been comprehensive. Piecemeal planning and construction
resulted in the haphazard development of the most available resources,
severe competition for the remaining available water sources, and
progressively larger unit investment costs. The requirements of
comprehensive development, particularly for the water-short south,
have been beyond the jurisdiction and the financial capacity of
local units of government, including the Metropolitan Water
District of Southern California.
In 1947, work was begun on a comprehensive inventory and
evaluation of the basic water resources of the State. From these
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United States. Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations. Intergovernmental responsibilities for water supply and sewage disposal in metropolitan areas., book, October 1962; Washington, D.C.. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1424/m1/89/: accessed July 18, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.