The Use of Aerobic Running in the Reduction of Anxiety Page: 2
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fitness, or working capacity, implies the ability to do
prolonged work without undue fatigue. This kind of fitness
focuses on the health of the heart, lungs, and entire cardio-
vascular system, in contrast to fitness which emphasizes
muscular strength or agility. The key to "endurance fitness"
is oxygen (Cooper, 1963; Roby, 1970). During any activity,
oxygen is the burning agent that combines with the food stuffs
in the body to produce energy. How efficiently oxygen can
be delivered to the various parts of the body during an
activity is a reflection of the functioning of the heart,
lungs, and cardio-vascular systems, and, as such, is the
best indicator of one's endurance fitness, or general health.
It is the improvement of these systems toward which all
exercise should be directed (Cooper, 1963). After testing
thousands of subjects, Cooper was able to specify the energy
cost to the body, for each exercise evaluated, in terms of
millimeters of oxygen necessary to be processed in a certain
amount of time. These amounts were then translated into
exercise norms and "points". The greater the amount of
oxygen processing required by a given exercise, the higher
the point value awarded. After four years of research,
Cooper was able to determine that the minimum number of
points an individual should earn per week, in order to main-
tain physical fitness, is thirty. This amount enables the
person to reach and maintain the "training effect" (Cooper,
1967) . The training effect is the primary goal of endurance
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Allen, Geoffrey H. The Use of Aerobic Running in the Reduction of Anxiety, thesis, May 1973; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc131594/m1/7/: accessed July 17, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .