Chemically bonded phosphate ceramics for radioactive and mixed waste solidification and stabilization Page: 5 of 22
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strength of 23 MPa at a porosity of 26%. Based on these earlier investigations,
an application oriented study was done to investigate MAP as a waste form
material and the results of this study are reported here.
Fabrication of MAP Ceramics
The details of the materials used for the syntheses of MAP are given in
Table I. It was synthesized by contacting calcined MgO with concentrated
solution of (NH4)2HP04 in distilled water in the weight ratio of 17 :10. This
ratio was determined by the workable consistency of the paste, so that it could
be quickly transfered to syringes, where the column of the paste was
compressed by a plunger to form cylindrical specimens. The mixture hardened
in few minutes with an exothermic reaction and the paste set into hard
cylinders in - 15 minutes. The specimens were kept in the syringes for one
week, then removed from the syringes, and cured in desiccators for another
week. The samples had a diameter of -0.6cm and an average length of 1.64
cms. Typically the porosity was - 30% measured by using fluid displacement
method. Initial SEM investigations of fractured surface of the material formed
(Figure 1) showed that the surfaces of the grains of MgO had reacted with the
ammonium phosphate solution to yield MAP cement. The inner parts of MgO
grains might have remained unreacted however. In addition, the inner regions
of the pores contained unreacted MgO. Thus during the formation of MAP,
(NH4)2HP04 solution did not permeate through the pores. To react the residual
MgO in the pores with theTABLE I : Materials used in the fabrication of specimens
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Wagh, A. S.; Cunnane, J. C.; Singh, D.; Reed, D. T.; Armstrong, S.; Subhan, W. et al. Chemically bonded phosphate ceramics for radioactive and mixed waste solidification and stabilization, article, January 1, 1993; Illinois. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1313838/m1/5/: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.