Comparison of the effects of inhaled {sup 239}PuO{sub 2} and {beta}- emitting radionuclides on the incidence of lung carcinomas in laboratory animals Page: 1 of 4
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To be published in the Proceedings of the International Radiation Protection Association
8th Congress, to be held in Montreal, Canada, May 1992.
COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF INHALED 239PuO2 AND ,(-EMITTING
RADIONUCLIDES ON THE INCIDENCE OF LUNG CARCINOMAS IN
LABORATORY ANIMALS
F.F. Hahn. W.. Griffith. B.B. Boecker.
.. .. . .. -----CON F--92 05 01--- 8
B.A. Muggenburg and D.L. Lundgren
DE92 004259
Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute
P.O. Box 5890
Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, U.S.A.
ABSTRACT: The health effects of inhaling radioactive particles when the lung is the
primary oran irrariatP were ctdirieA ;n raet and dgri e The animlc were epvnnc to
aerosols of 239PuO2 or fission-product radionuclides in insoluble forms and observed for
their life span. Lung carcinomas were the primary late-occuring effect. The incidence rate
for lung carcinomas was modeled using a proportional hazard rate model. Linear functions
predominated below 5 Gy to the lung. The life-time risk for lung carcinomas per 104 Gy
for beta emitters was 60 for rats and 65 for dogs, and for 239PuO2 it was 1500 for rats and
2300 for dogs.
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L I A KkAttA % 1U A At~l.i' LflUJ41 VIJ1 Vt UL1% lULlS All 3UJL 1Ll4iL& 111591 %5tI O 1.3 C1Lt'fl II IJ 1t.JLLt .
lung carcinomas. This result has been demonstrated in populations of patients with
ankylosing spondylosis treated with thoracic irradiation, in survivors of atomic bomb
explosions in Japan, and underground miners exposed to radon and radon daughter products.
None of these situations, however, directly applies to chronic alpha or beta irradiation of the
deep, or alveolar, portions of the lung. Such can occur if individuals inhale radioactive
particles such as might be released in reactor accidents or waste transportion accidents. No
human populations are available for study that have inhaled particles of alpha- or beta-
emittUng iauVi1u6ucd whi.hi UpVosL UCp irn te 1u11g. Tu audessa uta siLUaOLI, stuiea WeL.
initiated at the Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute to establish the dose-response
relationships resulting from the inhalation of plutonium dioxide or beta-emitting radionuclides
with different radioactive halflives. This paper briefly summarizes the dose-response for
lung carcinomas induced by these types of lung irradiation.
METHODS: Details of the experimental design, animal exposure, dosimetry, and husbandry
techniques have been reported. 1-3 Beagle dogs were exposed briefly, per nasum, to aerosols
or ---ru2 0f different monodisperse particle size or -, --Y, ' - Ce or -f-r in relatively
insoluble forms. F344 rats were similarly exposed but only to 239Pu02 or 14CeO2. The
animals were observed for their life spans for resulting biologic effects. At present, all
animals have died, except for some of the dogs exposed to 239PuO2. The incidence rate for
lung carcinomas was modeled as the observed time course for the appearance of carcinomas
using a proportional hazard rate model. The proportional hazards calculation of relative and
absolute risks was made using the following relationships:
rroportionai hazards: At)=A(t)(jtD(t)).
In this relationship, X(t) is the age-specific lung tumor incidence rate at dose D(t), \)(t) is
the background lung tumor incidence rate, ft is the relative risk coefficient, and D(t) is the
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Hahn, F. F.; Griffith, W. C.; Boecker, B. B.; Muggenburg, B. A. & Lundgren, D. L. Comparison of the effects of inhaled {sup 239}PuO{sub 2} and {beta}- emitting radionuclides on the incidence of lung carcinomas in laboratory animals, article, December 31, 1991; United States. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1271794/m1/1/: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.