Survey of potential chlorine production processes. Final report Page: 73 of 199
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concentration of 80 percent and contains the water of reaction and a catalyst
which were taken up in the absorber. In this step the following reaction
occurs:
HNSOs + HCl -> N0C1 + H2S04 (1)
This represents a stripping of the catalyst from the acid. The catalyst is
primarily nitrosylsulfuric acid (HNSOs). In^ the second section of the
stripper, the unreacted hydrogen chloride is stripped out by introducing
oxygen. The original acid mixture exits the stripper carrying only small
amounts of HNSO5 and reaction water. Equation (1) proceeds practically to
canpletion because of the countercurrent flow.
The oxidation occurs in a series of reactions as follows:
2N0C1 -* 2NO + Cl2 ' (2)
2NO + 02 + 2N02 (3)
N02 + 2HC1 â– + NO + Cl2 + H20 . . (4)
The hydrogen chloride gas mixture contains nitrosyl chloride, excess hydrogen
chloride, oxygen and water. In the oxidizer, this mixture is heated to
increase the rate of nitrosyl chloride decomposition, which is an exothermic
reaction. The generated heat must be removed for the desired conversion to
take place. This removed heat is then used to generate steam to run the
sulfuric acid vacuum flash system and to provide all necessary process heat.
During the absorption-oxidation phase the three reactions (2,3,4)
continue until complete hydrogen chloride conversion is achieved. Besides
the oxidation reactions, the sulfuric acid absorbs all nitrogen oxides.
This additional step is represented by:
NO + N02 + .2H2S04 -* 2HNS05 +. H20 (5)
N0C1 + H2S04 -* HNSOs + HCl (6)
N02 + 2HC1 +- NO + Cl 2 + H20 (7)
The chlorine gas produced is virtually free of hydrogen chloride, oxygen,
and nitrogen compounds. The product chlorine gas is cooled and dried with
a small stream of cold sulfuric acid.
57
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Survey of potential chlorine production processes. Final report, report, April 1, 1979; United States. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1101365/m1/73/: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.