Survey of potential chlorine production processes. Final report Page: 100 of 199
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U.S. consumption of ammonium nitrate is 8.3 x 106 tons per year; this co-
product should be marketable in significant quantities.
4.10.1.5 Conclusion
This process, although only developed to the laboratory stage, may be
of some promise because of its extremely low energy requirements. It will
be further considered in Section 6.
4.10.2 Nitrogen Dioxide/Ammonium Chloride High Temperature Process
4.10.2.1 Process History
This process was developed as a parallel process to the Vicksburg
(Section 4.14) and Allied (Section 4.16) piucesses using anmonium chloride
instead of potassium chloride as a raw material. Work in this area was
performed by ICI on a laboratory scale in the late 1950's and culminated in
the issuance of a number of British, Belgian, and German patents to ICI
in the early 1960's.R1,82 no further work was performed on this process
after the issuance of the patents.
4.10.2.2 Scientific Basis
Laboratory scale efforts demonstrate that anmonium chloride would
react with gaseous nitrogen dioxide to yield nitr.osyl chloride and nitrogen
oxide (and water), and that the nitrogen dioxide-chlorine mixtures produced
by oxidation of these products could be separated by fractionatiun. No
other laboratory efforts were performed to establish a complete process.
The gaseous nitrogen dioxide reacts in a mobile bed of solid ammonium
chloride to yield nitrosyl chloride, according to the reaction:
3NOa + NHi,Cl N0C1 + 2H?0 + 3NO
The resulting gaseous products are further oxidized after removal of water,
as follows:
2NO + 02 + 2N02
2NOC1 + 02 -*â– 2N02 + Cl2
The chlorine and nitrogen dioxide are then separated and the nitrogen dioxide
is recycled to the process. Kinetics of the initial reaction have not been
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Survey of potential chlorine production processes. Final report, report, April 1, 1979; United States. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1101365/m1/100/: accessed July 16, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.