An Investigation of the Nonverbal Communication Behaviors and Role Perceptions of Pre-Service Band Teachers who Participated in Theatre Seminars Page: 62
View a full description of this dissertation.
Extracted Text
The following text was automatically extracted from the image on this page using optical character recognition software:
worthless/valuable, fair/unfair, and negative/positive (Sanders & Wiseman, 1990). The
survey also contained 8 items measuring perceived behavioral learning. These items
employed four 7-point semantic differential scales to rate two dimensions of behavioral
learning. These differential scales were likely/unlikely, possible/impossible,
probable/improbable, and would/would not (Sanders & Wiseman, 1990). The survey
produced a summed immediacy score and a score for each type of learning. All items
on the survey demonstrated high inter-item reliability. Sanders and Wiseman (1990)
performed a series of Pearson correlations and found a unified construct of immediacy
had a positive impact on learners' perceived cognitive, affective, and behavioral
learning. However, there were significant differences with regard to student ethnicity.
A study by Gorham (1988) distributed a questionnaire listing 34 immediacy
behaviors to undergraduate students enrolled in elective communication courses.
Three-hundred-eighty-seven students completed the questionnaire. Using a 5-point
Likert-type scale, the students indicated how often the teacher in their preceding class
exhibited those behaviors. The instrument listed 20 verbal immediacy behaviors and 14
nonverbal immediacy behaviors. Gorham performed multiple Pearson correlations and
regression analyses on the data. The results indicated the verbal and nonverbal items
on the questionnaire loaded into a single factor. The summed scores of the two types of
behaviors also correlated highly and positively. Other studies have supported Gorham's
(1988) findings (Christophel, 1990; Gorham & Zakahi, 1990; Richmond, Gorham &
McCroskey, 1987). Although Gorham (1988) never summed all items together into a
single immediacy score, she concluded:62
Upcoming Pages
Here’s what’s next.
Search Inside
This dissertation can be searched. Note: Results may vary based on the legibility of text within the document.
Tools / Downloads
Get a copy of this page or view the extracted text.
Citing and Sharing
Basic information for referencing this web page. We also provide extended guidance on usage rights, references, copying or embedding.
Reference the current page of this Dissertation.
Vandivere, Allen Hale. An Investigation of the Nonverbal Communication Behaviors and Role Perceptions of Pre-Service Band Teachers who Participated in Theatre Seminars, dissertation, August 2008; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9019/m1/71/: accessed April 28, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .