Contour-furrow irrigation. Page: 4
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Potatoes irrigated by contour-furrow irrigation. The furrows that run the entire length of the field are called through
furrows. Those that end in the middle of the field are called spur furrows.depth to more than 2.5 inches. The
water-holding capacity of the soil
determines both the amount of
water that can be applied at each
irrigation and the length of time
between irrigations.
4. How much water you can run
in a furrow without causing erosion.
If your farm is in a soil conservation
district you can get technical
assistance for your contour plantings
through the district. Soil Conservation
Service technicians working
with your district will assist you
in deciding what land is suitable for
contour-irrigated plantings. Your
soil conservation district will also
help you plan and lay out your
contour system.
Row-crop layout
Here are some things you will
need to do in making a layout for
4contour-furrow irrigation of row
crops:
1. Get a contour map of your
field to determine the most efficient
layout of the head ditches, waste
ditches, and guidelines. This map
will enable you to make an approximate
layout of the water-distribution
system and planting rows. It
will also enable you to pick out
areas you may need to "level."
2. Where "leveling" is advisable
to smooth out the row alinement or
increase the number of through
rows, you should find out whether
earth moving is feasible. If you do
"level," change the topographic
map to fit the new land surface.
3. Lay out the head ditches on
the map to fit the topography.
They should be on a grade that will
not erode or on a controlled grade
established by the use of flumes,surface pipe, or drop structures.
They should be spaced to allow for
proper lengths of run.
Try to locate head ditches so you
will have as many through and spur
furrows as possible and few fill and
spike furrows. This will make your
irrigation, cultivation, and harvesting
easier. The lengths of furrow
runs will vary with the slope and
soils. They will also have to be
reduced in length if more than 25
percent of the planted area is irrigated
by spike or fill furrows.
Waste ditches should also be laid
out. Locate them where they will
interfere least with farming operations.
They, also, must be on
grades that will not erode. Underground
pipelines can be used as
waste ditches.
4. Lay out guidelines on the map
on a nonerosive grade for irrigation
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Kohler, Karl O. Contour-furrow irrigation., book, September 1953; Washington D.C.. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc6245/m1/4/: accessed May 6, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.