Adaptation to Climate Change: The New Challenge for Development in the Developing World Page: 14
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* ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE: THE NEW CHALLENGE FOR DEVELOPMENT IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD
National policies and instruments should be able to
respond and anticipate the demands from local govern-
ments and communities, based on the studies and
processes developed. A worthwhile exercise would be to
identify whether national objectives are "vulnerable" to
climate change and if so, what policies, objectives,
measures and instruments should then developed or
modified, and what processes and platforms should be put
in place to go to its actual implementation at local levels.
One example of this is the need for an assessment of the
way the national budget is allocated to poverty reduction
programs. If regional vulnerability assessments to climate
change are not developed, then the national budget would
continue to be allocated in a traditional way, not taking
into account that new threats need to be tackled to ensure
sustainability of poverty investments, i.e., resources should
not only be allocated to nutrition or water infrastructure;
Box 3: Adaptation options underthe UNFCCCbut to economic diversification of agricultural communi-
ties (very vulnerable to climate change) that would make
communities able to respond properly to climate change.
Another example is analyzing the Macroeconomic
Framework Objectives, i.e., GDP growth. If it is not
recognized that climate change poses new threats, then
measures to prevent loses will not be prioritized, such as:
implementing or strengthening hydrometeorological and
ocean observation systems; developing climate change
scenarios to guide investments and poverty strategies;
implementing guidelines for climate proofing public
investments; and, creating capacities in local governments
to deal with the new challenges of climate change.
Box 3 provides information on a number of platforms
and options under the UNFCCC that would be useful for
the process.4.4 Institutional arrangements needed to plan
and implement adaptation: What roles
should the different stakeholders have?
How would you ensure public, private and
social participation?
Due to the cross cutting nature of the issue, there is a
need for stakeholder engagement in the development of
adaptation plans or strategies. Climate change calls for
wide participation, since structural changes and changes in
paradigms are likely to be needed.A wide range of sectors will need to adapt and there are
considerable implications for policy development,
businesses and communities. The implementation of
adaptation will be carried out mainly at a local level and
by public and private sector stakeholders. It is then helpful
to define how the roles and responsibilities are currently
seen, taking into account that they will change over time
as new policies develop or are adjusted (see Table 4). It is
vital to ensure wide, continuous and coordinated partici-
pation from different stakeholders.Table 4: Potential roles and responsibilities of stakeholders"
I T NN S.N LNational governmentand itsministries:
economy and finance, agriculture,
health, education, housingLeadership regulation, introducing economic instruments and setting per
formance management frameworks. Appropriate policies, standards, regula
tons and design guidance, and where necessary, appropriate funding
Guidance on climate proofing tojustify additional investment or ensure
sustainabllity of investmentsLocal governments Many of the changes that need to be delivered in housing, transport and
other issues will depend on local authorities. They bring together economic,
social and environmental concerns and they have the potential to link their
own actions with others through community strategy.
Private sector There will be a variety of roles depending on the organization, its size and it
purpose. However the key issues concerning climate adaptation that need
to be considered by all include:
* Awareness raising within the organization
I Preparing for the loss and opportunities
* Using the available to tools to investigate the impacts
* Contribute to sustainable Investments and development gaps
Scientific and academic organizations * Provide policy oriented research
* Information for decision makers
Investment promotion agencies * Ensure climate proof investments and promote investments to bridge
development gaps
Poverty reduction agencies * Address climate change impacts as part of their priority actions
Risk reduction community . Address climate change impacts as part of the risk19 See hpp//mandb unfccc nt/public/adaptation
20 For more information on the ALM, see http //wwwadaptationlearning net/* The Nairobi Work Programme provides information to help all countries improve their understanding and
assessment of the impacts of climate change and to make informed decisions on practical adaptation
actions and measures.
* The UNFCCC secretariat has developed a local coping strategies database to facilitate the transfer of
long standing coping strategies and knowledge from communities that have adapted to specific hazards
or climatic conditions, to communities that may be starting to experience such conditions as a result of
climate change."
* The Adaptation Learning Mechanism (ALM), which is a knowledge sharing platform, contributes to the
Implementation of the Nairobi Work Programme, which aims to increase the ability of countries to adapt
to climate change, with an emphasis on exchanging experience.20
* Workshops covering adaptation issues have been held under different subsidiary bodies: During 2006
2007, a series of workshops and an expert meeting, mandated by decision 1/CP.10, helped facilitate
information exchange and integrated assessments to assist Parties in identifying specific adaptation needs
and concerns.
* The Ad Hoc Working on Long term Cooperative Action under the Convention (AWG LCA) also held a
focused workshop on "advancing adaptation through finance and technology, including national
adaptation programs of action.
* The NAPAs provide an importantway to prioritize urgent adaptation needs for LDCs. They are developed
based on existing information and community level input to identify adaptation projects required in order
to enable these countries to cope with the immediate impacts of climate change." Based on "Adaptation Policy Framework" The UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA), 2005
ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE: THE NEW CHALLENGE FOR DEVELOPMENT IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD
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Dr. Schipper, E. Lisa F.; Dr. Hedger, Merylyn McKenzie & Cigarán, Maria Paz. Adaptation to Climate Change: The New Challenge for Development in the Developing World, text, July 2008; 1 UN Plaza, New York, New York, 10017, USA. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc226790/m1/14/: accessed May 3, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, UNT Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; .