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Observations on the Method of Determining the Velocity of Airships

Description: To obtain the absolute velocity of an airship by knowing the speed at which two routes are covered, we have only to determine the geographical direction of the routes which we locate from a map, and the angles of routes as given by the compass, after correcting for the variation (the algebraical sum of the local magnetic declination and the deviation).
Date: June 1921
Creator: Volterra, Vito
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Dynamometer Hub and the Flywheel of the Engine

Description: Report presenting a description of the interaction between the dynamometer hub and the flywheel of the engine in aircraft. The negative rotary moments in propellers generally allow for the cessation of one cylinder without any lifting on the part of the propeller, and without depriving the engine of its flywheel.
Date: June 1921
Creator: Everling, E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Simple Means for Saving Fuel on Traffic Flights

Description: Report presenting a discussion of ways to save fuel on traffic flights, including some calculations that can be used for determining fuel efficiency. The primary ways of lessening fuel consumption include flying with a throttled engine and diminished speed.
Date: June 1921
Creator: Kook, E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Flexibility of Bearing Surfaces and Stress on Fabrics

Description: Report presenting an investigation of the flexibility of bearing surfaces and stress on fabrics used in wings. Equations are given for calculating some of these loading factors.
Date: June 1921
Creator: Pröll, A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The development of German Army airplanes during the war

Description: From Summary: "The author, who was a captain of the Reserves in the Technical Department of the Aviation Division (Board of Airplane Experts) during the war, shows what means were taken for the creation of new airplane types and what tests were employed for trying out their flying properties, capacities and structural reliability. The principal representative types of each of the classes of airplanes are described and the characteristics of the important structural parts are discussed. Data reg… more
Date: June 1921
Creator: Hoff, Wilhelm
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Absolute Coefficients and the Graphical Representation of Aerofoil Characteristics

Description: It is argued that there should be an agreement as to what conventions to use in determining absolute coefficients used in aeronautics and in how to plot those coefficients. Of particular importance are the absolute coefficients of lift and drag. The author argues for the use of the German method over the kind in common use in the United States and England, and for the Continental over the usual American and British method of graphically representing the characteristics of an airfoil.
Date: June 1921
Creator: Munk, Max
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Notes on the standard atmosphere

Description: From Summary: "This report contains the derivation of a series of relations between temperature, pressure, density, and altitude in a standard atmosphere which assumes a uniform decrease of temperature with altitude. The equations are collected and given with proper constants in both metric and English units for the temperature gradient adopted by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. A table of values of temperature pressure and density at various altitudes in this standard atmosphe… more
Date: June 1922
Creator: Diehl, Walter S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Simple formula for estimating airplane ceilings

Description: From Summary: "The aeronautical engineer often has occasion to estimate the absolute ceiling of an airplane for which a detailed performance calculation is out of the question. In such cases it is customary to use either empirical performance charts or formulae. The performance charts given in several of the recent works on aeronautics are satisfactory so long as the airplane under consideration does not depart too far from the average in its characteristics. The formulae, with one exception, a… more
Date: June 1922
Creator: Diehl, Walter S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

On the Distribution of Lift Along the Span of an Airfoil With Displaced Ailerons

Description: "The effect of an aileron displacement on the distribution of the lift along the span is computed for an elliptic wing of aspect ratio 6 for three conditions. The lift distribution caused by the aileron displacement is uniform and extends normally beyond the inner end of the ailerons. Hence, the displacement of an aileron with constant chord length may bring about passing the stalling point of the adjacent wing sections, if these were near this point before" (p. 1).
Date: June 1924
Creator: Munk, Max M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Theory of the Slotted Wing

Description: Report presenting information regarding the use of slots in an airplane wing to considerably increase the lift and make it possible to operate the wing at higher angles of attack.
Date: June 1922
Creator: Betz, A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Comparing Maximum Pressures in Internal Combustion Engines

Description: Thin metal diaphragms form a satisfactory means for comparing maximum pressures in internal combustion engines. The diaphragm is clamped between two metal washers in a spark plug shell and its thickness is chosen such that, when subjected to explosion pressure, the exposed portion will be sheared from the rim in a short time.
Date: June 1922
Creator: Sparrow, Stanwood W. & Lee, Stephen M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Remarks on the Pressure Distribution over the Surface of an Ellipsoid, Moving Translationally Through a Perfect Fluid

Description: "This note, prepared for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, contains a discussion of the pressure distribution over ellipsoids when in translatory motion through a perfect fluid. An easy and convenient way to determine the magnitude of the velocity and of the pressure at each point of the surface of an ellipsoid of rotation is described. The knowledge of such pressure distribution is of great practical value for the airship designer" (p. 1).
Date: June 1924
Creator: Munk, Max M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Welding of High Chromium Steels

Description: A brief description is given of different groups of high chromium steels (rustless iron and stainless steels) according to their composition and more generally accepted names. The welding procedure for a given group will be much the same regardless of the slight variations in chemical composition which may exist within a certain group. Information is given for the tensile properties (yield point and ultimate strength) of metal sheets and welds before and after annealing on coupons one and one-h… more
Date: June 1928
Creator: Miller, W. B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Drift of an Aircraft Guided Towards Its Destination by Directional Receiving of Radio Signals Transmitted From the Ground

Description: Following a curved path increases the distance to be flown, and a type of radio navigation that forces the adoption of such a path is therefore less efficient than one that marks out a definite straight line between the point of departure and the intended destination, and holds the airplane to that line. To determine the loss of efficiency resulting from curvature of the path, calculations were made for two particular cases by the method of step-by-step integration. The calculations were based … more
Date: June 1925
Creator: Warner, Edward P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Propeller Design - A Simple Method for Determining the Strength of Propellers - IV

Description: "The object of this report, the last of a series of four on propeller design, is to describe a simple method for determining whether the strength of a propeller of a standard form is sufficient for safe operation. An approximate method of stress analysis is also given" (p. 1).
Date: June 1926
Creator: Weick, Fred E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Steam Power Plants in Aircraft

Description: "The employment of steam power plants in aircraft has been frequently proposed. Arguments pro and con have appeared in many journals. It is the purpose of this paper to make a brief analysis of the proposal from the broad general viewpoint of aircraft power plants. Any such analysis may be general or detailed" (p. 1).
Date: June 1926
Creator: Wilson, E. E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The N.A.C.A. CYH airfoil section

Description: The NACA CYH airfoil section is described and its aerodynamic characteristics are given as tested in the NACA variable density wind tunnel at twenty atmosphere pressure. This section has a low drag, a high maximum lift, and a small travel of center of pressure.
Date: June 1926
Creator: Higgins, George J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Airplane Balance

Description: The authors argue that the center of gravity has a preponderating influence on the longitudinal stability of an airplane in flight, but that manufacturers, although aware of this influence, are still content to apply empirical rules to the balancing of their airplanes instead of conducting wind tunnel tests. The author examines the following points: 1) longitudinal stability, in flight, of a glider with coinciding centers; 2) the influence exercised on the stability of flight by the position of… more
Date: June 1921
Creator: Huguet, L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Strength of Tubing Under Combined Axial and Transverse Loading

Description: Note presenting a systematic study of the strength of duralumin and chrome-molybdenum steel round tubing in combined transverse and axial loading. A description of the formulas that are the groundwork for the study as well as the results of the tests are provided.
Date: June 1929
Creator: Tuckerman, L. B.; Petrenko, S. N. & Johnson, C. D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Pressure Distribution on a Slotted R.A.F. 31 Airfoil in the Variable Density Wind Tunnel

Description: Measurements were made in the variable density wind tunnel to determine the pressure distribution over one section of a R.A.F. 31 airfoil with a leading edge slot fully open. To provide data for the study of scale effect on this type of airfoil, the tests were conducted with air densities of approximately one and twenty atmospheres.
Date: June 1929
Creator: Jacobs, Eastman N.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Correcting Engine Tests for Humidity

Description: Note presenting tests using a multicylinder engine to determine the effect that atmospheric humidity has on some phases of engine performance. Three test series with different types of fuel were carried out. The results indicate that failure to allow for the effect of differences in atmospheric humidity may introduce errors as great as would be occasioned by failure to allow for changes in barometric pressure.
Date: June 1929
Creator: Brooks, Donald B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Preliminary biplane tests in the variable density wind tunnel

Description: "Biplane cellules using the N.A.C.A.-M6 airfoil section have been tested in the variable density wind tunnel of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. Three cellules, differing only in the amount of stagger, were tested at two air densities, corresponding to pressures of one atmosphere and of twenty atmospheres. The range of angle of attack was from -2 degrees to +48 degrees. The effect of stagger on the lift and drag, and on the shielding effect of the upper wing by the lower at high… more
Date: June 1928
Creator: Shoemaker, James M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Notes on the design of ailerons

Description: "Recent data have shown that certain forms or types of ailerons that are in extensive use are in reality quite inefficient and entirely unsuited for the high speeds now realized. The same data indicate that two forms (both shown here) are efficient and satisfactory in every way. The most important characteristics of ailerons are effectiveness under all flight conditions, small moments about the hinge, high efficiency (small yawing moment opposing turn), and simplicity in construction. Informati… more
Date: June 1923
Creator: Diehl, W. S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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