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An analysis of evacuation options for nuclear accidents

Description: In this report we consider the threat posed by the accidental release of radionuclides from a nuclear power plant. The objective is to establish relationships between radiation dose and the cost of evacuation under a wide variety of conditions. The dose can almost always be reduced by evacuating the population from a larger area. However, extending the evacuation zone outward will cause evacuation costs to increase. The purpose of this analysis was to provide the Environmental Protection Agency… more
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Tawil, J. J.; Strenge, D. L. & Schultz, R. W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Analysis of Radiation Doses from Operation of Postulated Commercial Spent Fuel Transportation Systems

Description: This report contains a system study of estimated radiation doses to the public and workers resulting from the transport of spent fuel from commercial nuclear power reactors to a geologic repository. The report contains a detailed breakdown of activities and a description of time/distance/dose-rate estimates for each activity within the system. Collective doses are estimated for each of the major activities at the reactor site, in transit, and at the repository receiving facility. Annual individ… more
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Schneider, K. J.; Hostick, C. J.; Ross, W. A.; Peterson, R. W.; Smith, R. I.; Stiles, D. L. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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An assessment methodology for thermal energy storage evaluation

Description: This report documents an assessment methodology for evaluating the cost, performance, and overall economic feasibility of thermal energy storage (TES) concepts. The methodology was developed by Thermal Energy Storage Evaluation Program personnel at Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) for use by PNL and other TES concept evaluators. The methodology is generically applicable to all TES concepts; however, specific analyses may require additional or more detailed definition of the ground rules, assu… more
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Brown, D. R.; Dirks, J. A.; Drost, M. K.; Spanner, G. E. & Williams, T. A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Atoms to electricity. [Booklet]

Description: This booklet explains the basic technology of nuclear fission power reactors, the nuclear fuel cycle and the role of nuclear energy as one of the domestic energy resources being developed to help meet our national energy demand. Nuclear power accounted for over 16 percent of the US electric energy supply in 1986 and was second only to coal as a source of our electric power. In the 1990s, nuclear energy is expected to provide almost 20 percent of the Nation's electricity. 38 figs., 5 tabs.
Date: November 1, 1987
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Background concentrations of radionuclides in soils and river sediments in northern New Mexico, 1974-1986

Description: This report documents the range and the upper limit for background concentrations of radionuclides and radioactivity in soils and river sediments that occur as natural rock-forming minerals and worldwide fallout from atmospheric nuclear weapons tests. Documentation is based on the collection of soil and sediment in northern New Mexico and analyzed for /sup 137/Cs, /sup 238/Pu, /sup 239,240/Pu, /sup 90/Sr, total uranium, gross gamma, and tritium. The data used to establish the statistical range … more
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Purtymun, W. D.; Peters, R. J.; Buhl, T. E.; Maes, M. N. & Brown, F. H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Bench-scale studies on gasification of biomass in the presence of catalysts

Description: This report summarizes the results of bench-scale studies on the development of catalysts for conversion of biomass to specific gas products. The primary objective of these studies was to define operating conditions that allow long lifetimes for secondary catalysts used in biomass gasification. Nickel-based catalysts that were found to be active for conversion of wood to synthesis gases in previous studies were evaluated. These catalysts remained active indefinitely in laboratory studies but lo… more
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Mudge, L.K.; Baker, E.G.; Brown, M.D. & Wilcox, W.A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The beta decay asymmetry parameter of /sup 35/Ar

Description: The beta decay asymmetry parameter for /sup 35/Ar = /sup 35/Cl + e/sup +/ + nu/sub e/ has been remeasured in order to resolve a long standing puzzle. Previous asymmetry measurements, when combined with the comparative half-life, yield a value for the vector coupling constant, G/sub v/, that is in serious disagreement with the accepted value. We produced polarized /sup 35/Ar by a (p,n) reaction on /sup 35/Cl using the polarized proton beam provided by Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory's 88-Inch Cyclo… more
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Garnett, J.D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Categorization of failed and damaged spent LWR (light-water reactor) fuel currently in storage

Description: The results of a study that was jointly sponsored by the US Department of Energy and the Electric Power Research Institute are described in this report. The purpose of the study was to (1) estimate the number of failed fuel assemblies and damaged fuel assemblies (i.e., ones that have sustained mechanical or chemical damage but with fuel rod cladding that is not breached) in storage, (2) categorize those fuel assemblies, and (3) prepare this report as an authoritative, illustrated source of info… more
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Bailey, W.J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Characterization recommendations for waste sites at the Savannah River Plant

Description: One hundred and sixty six disposal facilities that received or may have received waste materials resulting from operations at the Savannah River Plant (SRP) have been identified. These waste range from innocuous solid and liquid materials (e.g., wood piles) to process effluents that contain hazardous and/or radioactive constituents. The waste sites have been grouped into 45 categories according the the type of waste materials they received. Waste sites are located with SRP coordinates, a local … more
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Carlton, W. H.; Gordon, D. E.; Johnson, W. F.; Kaback, D. S.; Looney, B. B.; Nichols, R. L. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Community Interviews Task Report: Working Draft: Bwip (Basalt Waste Isolation Project) Repository Project

Description: The socioeconomic program for the Basalt Waste Isolation Project (BWIP) requires the collection of information about economic, social and cultural conditions, demographic, housing and settlement patterns, and the provision of public services and facilities in order to monitor and assess the impacts of the project on the study area. Much of the information needed by the socioeconomic program is compiled, maintained, and used by officials or staff members of local, regional, state, or tribal agen… more
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Bolton, P. A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Comparison of calculated and measured response functions for germanium detectors

Description: This report compares calculated and measured germanium spectra for /sup 65/Zn, /sup 137/Cs, and /sup 113/Sn sources and uranium and plutonium spherical shells. Agreement over the full energy range of the spectra is good; deviations are explained.
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Streetman, J.R. & Moss, C.E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Comparison of two approaches to linear collider design

Description: This paper reviews linear collider parameters. It aims at analyzing two specific design approachs - the ones for CLIC at CERN and for a TeV linear collider at SLAC - which appear to lead into remarkably different directions although they start from the same premises and try to respect the same boundary conditions. 19 refs.
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Schnell, W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Computer simulation of the L/sub III/-edge densitometer

Description: Since the L/sub III/-edge densitometer was first fielded in 1977, it has displayed a 1 to 1.5% nonlinear deviation from its theoretical linear calibration response. In an effort to explain this nonlinear deviation, this study used a simple, closed-form computer simulation to examine the effects of several variables on the densitometer's measurement of uranium and plutonium in solution. The results of this simulation suggest that the variables that contribute to this nonlinearity include the eff… more
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Langner, D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Corrosion testing of type 304L stainless steel in tuff groundwater environments

Description: The stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) resistance of Type 304L stainless steel (SS) to elevated temperatures in tuff rock and tuff groundwater environments was determined under irradiated and nonirradiated conditions using U-bend specimens and slow-strain-rate tests. The steel was tested both in the solution-annealed condition and after sensitization heat treatments. The material was found to be susceptible to SCC in both the solution-annealed and solution-annealed-and-sensitized conditions when e… more
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Westerman, R.E.; Pitman, S.G. & Haberman, J.H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Crosstalk analysis of a broadband data communications system

Description: A broadband cable system represents a significant resource for data transmission within a facility. Duplication of a broadband network to provide services of varying sensitivity levels within the same area is wasteful of capital resources. The sharing of a network by different data services is financially attractive providing that sensitive data are inaccessible from nonsensitive ports. The use of equipment from two manufacturers introduces a deliberate incompatibility for the purpose of data i… more
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Crutcher, R. I.; Ewing, P. D. & Hayes, T. W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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A crude scaling law for lasertrons

Description: The lasertron is under consideration in several laboratories as a promising new source of high-power microwaves that is competitive with conventional klystrons in its properties - particularly in efficiency. In this note, a crude scaling law for high-power lasertrons is derived based on the observation that the main limiting phenomenon, the phenomenon that curtails the tube's efficiency, is debunching due to longitudinal space-charge forces acting in the electron gun. The scaling law indicates … more
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Rees, J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Customer system efficiency improvement assessment: Supply curves for transmission and distribution conservation options

Description: This report documents the results of Task 6 in the Customer System Efficiency Improvement (CSEI) Assessment Project. A principal objective of this project is to assess the potential for energy conservation in the transmission and distribution (TandD) systems of electric utilities in the BPA service area. The scope of this assessment covers BPA customers in the Pacific Northwest region and all non-federal TandD systems, including those that currently place no load on the BPA system. Supply curve… more
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Tepel, R. C.; Callaway, J. W. & De Steese, J. G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Design Review of the D0 Central Calorimeter Module Assembly Calculations Appendix to Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory

Description: This paper has the following chapters: (1) CC-MOD-01 - Review and Verification of the Finite Element Analyses; (2) CC-MOD-02 - Main Support Beam and Strap; (3) CC-MOD-03 - Connection Pin Loads; (4) CC-MOD-04 - Endplate Bracket Pin Hole Stresses; (5) CC-MOD-05 - Endplate Bracket Bending Stresses; (6) CC-MOD-06 - Module Endplate Pin Hole Stresses; (7) CC-MOD-07 - CH Module Bending and Buckling Analysis; and (8) CC-MOD-08 - Bearing Loads on Transition Pieces and G-10.
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Rosenfeld, M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Design Review of the D0 Central Calorimeter Module Assembly to Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory

Description: The D-Zero Central Calorimeter Module Assembly is a segmented ring structure consisting of an assemblage of trapezoidal modules. It is housed inside a vessel containing liquid argon. The modules contain specialized equipment for use in particle physics experiments. The design review of the D-Zero Central Calorimeter Module Assembly evaluated all major structural elements for adequacy for their design loads. They were evaluated in accordance with applicable specifications from Reference 1. The a… more
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Rosenfeld, M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Development of mild gasification process

Description: Under a previous contract with Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC), Department of Energy (DOE) Contract No. AC21-84MC21108, UCC Research Corporation (UCCRC) built and tested a 1500 lb/day Mild Gasification Process Development Unit (MGU). The MGU, as tested under the previous contract, is shown in Figure 1. Testing completed under the previous contract showed that good quality hydrocarbon liquids and good quality char can be produced in the MGU. However, the MGU is not optimized. The prim… more
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Chu, C.I.C. & Gillespie, B.L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Development of mild gasification process. Quarterly report, July--September 1987

Description: Under a previous contract with Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC), Department of Energy (DOE) Contract No. AC21-84MC21108, UCC Research Corporation (UCCRC) built and tested a 1500 lb/day Mild Gasification Process Development Unit (MGU). The MGU, as tested under the previous contract, is shown in Figure 1. Testing completed under the previous contract showed that good quality hydrocarbon liquids and good quality char can be produced in the MGU. However, the MGU is not optimized. The prim… more
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Chu, C. I. C. & Gillespie, B. L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Dislocation-hydrogen correlation in metals

Description: We present a method using SANS experiments to measure correlation between dislocations and absorbed hydrogen in metals. The technique involves sequential measurements first on a metal with dislocation networks, then two further measurements on the same sample infused with deuterium and normal hydrogen. SANS experiments on metals with dislocations networks have been performed a number of times and some results have appeared in the literature. We have computer estimates of the contribution of abs… more
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Summerfield, G.C.; King, J.S.; Heuser, B.; Epperson, J.E. (Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor, MI (USA). Dept. of Nuclear Engineering & Argonne National Lab., IL (USA))
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Efficient alternatives for electric drives

Description: This analysis of industrial electric motors describes the current motor stock, its energy use and operating characteristics, and innovations that could change current use patterns. It provides calculations characterizing the economic attractiveness of several existing and potential options. One attractive option given particular attention is the adjustable-speed drive which can replace throttles or valves for many pumping operations. A major conclusion is that, throughout industry, options that… more
Date: November 1, 1987
Creator: Comnes, G. A. & Barnes, R. W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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