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0.351 micron Laser Beam propagation in High-temperature Plasmas, 2007, December 21

Description: A study of the laser-plasma interaction processes have been performed in plasmas that are created to emulate the plasma conditions in indirect drive inertial confinement fusion targets. The plasma emulator is produced in a gas-filled hohlraum; a blue 351-nm laser beam propagates along the axis of the hohlraum interacting with a high-temperature (T{sub e} = 3.5 keV), dense (n{sub e} = 5 x 10{sup 20}cm{sup -3}), long-scale length (L {approx} 2 mm) plasma. Experiments at these conditions have demonstrated that the interaction beam produces less than 1% total backscatter resulting in transmission greater than 90% for laser intensities less than I < 2 x 10{sup 15} W-cm{sup -2}. The bulk plasma conditions have been independently characterized using Thomson scattering where the peak electron temperatures are shown to scale with the hohlraum heater beam energy in the range from 2 keV to 3.5 keV. This feature has allowed us to determine the thresholds for both backscattering and filamentation instabilities; the former measured with absolutely calibrated full aperture backscatter and near backscatter diagnostics and the latter with a transmitted beam diagnostics. A plasma length scaling is also investigated extending our measurements to 4-mm long high-temperature plasmas. At intensities I < 5 x 10{sup 14} W-cm{sup -2}, greater than 80% of the energy in the laser is transmitted through a 5-mm long, high-temperature (T{sub e} > 2.5 keV) high-density (n{sub e} = 5 x 10{sup 20} w-cm{sup -3}) plasma. Comparing the experimental results with detailed gain calculations for the onset of significant laser scattering processes shows a stimulated Brillouin scattering threshold (R=10%) for a linear gain of 15; these high temperature, low density experiments produce plasma conditions comparable to those along the outer beams in ignition hohlraum designs. By increasing the gas fill density (n{sub e} = 10{sup 21} cm{sup -3}) in these …
Date: December 10, 2007
Creator: Froula, D.; Divol, L.; Meezan, N.; Ross, J.; Berger, R. L.; Michel, P. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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3-D Force-balanced Magnetospheric Configurations

Description: The knowledge of plasma pressure is essential for many physics applications in the magnetosphere, such as computing magnetospheric currents and deriving magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling. A thorough knowledge of the 3-D pressure distribution has however eluded the community, as most in-situ pressure observations are either in the ionosphere or the equatorial region of the magnetosphere. With the assumption of pressure isotropy there have been attempts to obtain the pressure at different locations by either (a) mapping observed data (e.g., in the ionosphere) along the field lines of an empirical magnetospheric field model or (b) computing a pressure profile in the equatorial plane (in 2-D) or along the Sun-Earth axis (in 1-D) that is in force balance with the magnetic stresses of an empirical model. However, the pressure distributions obtained through these methods are not in force balance with the empirical magnetic field at all locations. In order to find a global 3-D plasma pressure distribution in force balance with the magnetospheric magnetic field, we have developed the MAG-3D code, that solves the 3-D force balance equation J x B = (upside-down delta) P computationally. Our calculation is performed in a flux coordinate system in which the magnetic field is expressed in terms of Euler potentials as B = (upside-down delta) psi x (upside-down delta) alpha. The pressure distribution, P = P(psi,alpha), is prescribed in the equatorial plane and is based on satellite measurements. In addition, computational boundary conditions for y surfaces are imposed using empirical field models. Our results provide 3-D distributions of magnetic field and plasma pressure as well as parallel and transverse currents for both quiet-time and disturbed magnetospheric conditions.
Date: February 10, 2003
Creator: Zaharia, Sorin; Cheng, C. Z. & Maezawa, K.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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A 3-year plan for beam science in the heavy-ion fusion virtual national laboratory

Description: In December 1998, LBNL Director Charles Shank and LLNL Director Bruce Tarter signed a Memorandum of Agreement to create the Heavy-Ion Fusion Virtual National Laboratory (HIF-VNL) with the purpose of improving the efficiency and productivity of heavy ion research through coordination of the two laboratories' efforts under one technical director. In 1999, PPPL Director Robert Goldston signed the VNL MOA for PPPL's heavy-ion fusion group to join the VNL. LBNL and LLNL each contribute about 45% of the $10.6 M/yr trilab VNL effort, and PPPL contributes currently about 10% of the VNL effort. The three labs carry out collaborative experiments, theory and simulations of a variety of intense beam scientific issues described below. The tri-lab HIF VNL program is part of the DOE Office of Fusion Energy Sciences (OFES) fusion program. A short description of the four major tasks areas of HIF-VNL research is given in the next section. The task areas are: High Current Experiment, Final Focus/Chamber Transport, Source/Injector/Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT), and Theory/Simulation. As a result of the internal review, more detailed reviews of the designs, costs and schedules for some of the tasks have been completed, which will provide more precision in the scheduled completion dates of tasks. The process for the ongoing engineering reviews and governance for the future management of tasks is described in section 3. A description of the major milestones and scientific deliverables for flat guidance budgets are given in section 4. Section 5 describes needs for enabling technology development for future experiments that require incremental funding.
Date: September 10, 2001
Creator: Logan, B. Grant
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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10-MWe pilot-plant-receiver-panel test-requirements document: Solar Thermal Test Facility

Description: Plans are presented for insolation testing of a full-scale test receiver panel and supporting hardware which essentially duplicate both physically and functionally the design planned for the 10 MWe pilot plant. Testing includes operation during normal start and shutdown, intermittent cloud conditions, and emergencies to determine the transient and steady state operating characteristics and performance under conditions equal to or exceeding those expected in the pilot plant. The effects of variations of input and output conditions on receiver operation are also to be investigated. A brief description of the pilot plant receiver subsystem is presented, followed by a detailed description of the receiver assembly to be tested at the Solar Thermal Test Facility. Major subassemblies are described, including the receiver panel, flow control, electrical control and instrumentation, and the structural assembly. Requirements of the Solar Thermal Test Facility for the tests are given. System safety measures are described. The tests, operating conditions, and expected results are presented. Quality assurance, task responsibilities, and test documentation are also discussed. (LEW)
Date: June 10, 1978
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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14-Inch Swing Check Valve Test

Description: The check valve for the Hallam Power Reactor uses a knife-edge bearing for the flapper in place of the usual journal-type bearing. Mechanical cycling in sodium at 600 deg F was used to check operation of this bearing. A total of 309 mechanical cycles was completed with no apparent malfunctioning of the valve. Measured leskage rates were 0.46 gpm at 0.93 psig, 0.73 gpm at 3.4 psig. and 0.32 gpm at 5.9 psig. (M.C.G.)
Date: February 10, 1960
Creator: Cygan, R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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17 GHz High Gradient Accelerator Research

Description: This is a report on the MIT High Gradient Accelerator Research program which has included: Operation of the 17 GHz, 25 MeV MIT/Haimson Research Corp. electron accelerator at MIT, the highest frequency, stand-alone accelerator in the world; collaboration with members of the US High Gradient Collaboration, including the design and test of novel structures at SLAC at 11.4 GHz; the design, construction and testing of photonic bandgap structures, including metallic and dielectric structures; the investigation of the wakefields in novel structures; and the training of the next generation of graduate students and postdoctoral associates in accelerator physics.
Date: July 10, 2013
Creator: Temkin, Richard J. & Shapiro, Michael A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

25 Year Lifetime for Flexible Buildings Integrated Photovoltaics

Description: Although preliminary proof-of-principle of the efficacy of barrier materials and processes, first developed by Battelle at PNNL and commercialized by Vitex, has been demonstrated at the laboratory scale, there are several challenges to the practical commercial implementation of these developments in the Buildings Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) market. Two important issues that are addressed in this project are identifying a low cost substrate material that can survive in the outside environment (rain, heat, dust, hail, etc.) for 25 years and developing an encapsulation method for the photovoltaic (PV) cells that can meet the required barrier performance without driving the cost of the total barrier package out of range (remaining below $3.00/Wp). Without these solutions, current encapsulation technologies will limit the use of PV for BIPV applications. Flexible, light-weight packaging that can withstand 25 years in the field is required for a totally flexible integrated PV package. The benefit of this research is to make substantial progress in the development of a cost-effective, viable thin film barrier package which will be a critical enabling technology to meet the Solar America Initiative cost and device reliability goals, and to make photovoltaics (PV) more cost-competitive with electricity generated using fossil fuels. Increased PV installations will enable increased US electrical capacity and reduce dependence on imported oil through increased utilization of a widely abundant source of renewable energy (sunlight).
Date: July 10, 2010
Creator: Gross, Mark E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

40-kW field test power plant modification and development. Monthly technical status report No. 13, September 16, 1978-October 15, 1978

Description: The contract objective is to complete the design and development actions that upgrade the 40-kW fuel cell power plant to a configuration suitable for on-site demonstration testing. The modifications will improve operating capability, durability and maintenance interval and lead to reduced production costs. Equipment to recover and use the by-product heat of electric generation will be available on the power plant for field verification of on-site heat recovery. The 40-kW power plant will be compatible with the power characteristics required for conventional heat pumps and conventional 60 Hz, 120/208 volts electrically operated equipment. Progress is reported. (WHK)
Date: November 10, 1978
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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95-1 Campaign evaporator boildown results

Description: The Process Chemistry Laboratories were requested to support the 242-A Evaporator restart as part of the overall 222-S laboratory effort. The net purpose of these studies is to determine the characteristics of double-shell tank materials as they are processed in the evaporator. The results for the boildown study (which includes pressure and temperature versus % waste volume reduction and density of final boildown residue) supporting the 242-A Evaporator restart are reported below. The boildown was performed in a vacuum distillation apparatus with an adjustable vacuum limiting manometer and an isolatable collection graduated cylinder. The boildown was conducted over a seven hour period. The evaporation was done at 60 torr (to avoid excessive foaming and bumping of solution) for approximately half of the boildown, the pressure then being reduced to 40 torr when the reduction in solution volume allowed this to be done. Percent waste volume reduction was measured by observing the amount of condensate collected in a graduated cylinder. As the graduated cylinder became full, it was isolated from the rest of the system and the condensate removed. Pressure was set using an electronic manometer with a low pressure limiter set at the desired level. Temperature was measured using a J-type thermocouple. The apparatus was calibrated by observing the pressure versus temperature response of pure water, and comparing the values thus obtained to published values.
Date: October 10, 1994
Creator: Miller, G. L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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100 Area soil washing: Bench scale tests on 116-F-4 pluto crib soil

Description: The Pacific Northwest Laboratory conducted a bench-scale treatability study on a pluto crib soil sample from 100 Area of the Hanford Site. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of physical separation (wet sieving), treatment processes (attrition scrubbing, and autogenous surface grinding), and chemical extraction methods as a means of separating radioactively-contaminated soil fractions from uncontaminated soil fractions. The soil washing treatability study was conducted on a soil sample from the 116-F-4 Pluto Crib that had been dug up as part of an excavation treatability study. Trace element analyses of this soil showed no elevated concentrations above typically uncontaminated soil background levels. Data on the distribution of radionuclide in various size fractions indicated that the soil-washing tests should be focused on the gravel and sand fractions of the 116-F-4 soil. The radionuclide data also showed that {sup 137}Cs was the only contaminant in this soil that exceeded the test performance goal (TPG). Therefore, the effectiveness of subsequent soil-washing tests for 116-F-4 soil was evaluated on the basis of activity attenuation of {sup 137}Cs in the gravel- and sand-size fractions.
Date: June 10, 1994
Creator: Field, J. G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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AZ-101 Mixer Pump Test Qualification Test Procedures (QTP)

Description: Describes the Qualification test procedure for the AZ-101 Mixer Pump Data Acquisition System (DAS). The purpose of this Qualification Test Procedure (QTP) is to confirm that the AZ-101 Mixer Pump System has been properly programmed and hardware configured correctly. This QTP will test the software setpoints for the alarms and also check the wiring configuration from the SIMcart to the HMI. An Acceptance Test Procedure (ATP), similar to this QTP will be performed to test field devices and connections from the field.
Date: January 10, 2000
Creator: Thomas, W. K.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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105-KW Sandfilter Backwash Pit sludge volume calculation

Description: The volume of sludge contained in the 100-KW Sandfilter Backwash Pit (SFBWP) was calculated from depth measurements of the sludge, pit dimension measurements and analysis of video tape recordings taken by an underwater camera. The term sludge as used in this report is any combination of sand, sediment, or corrosion products visible in the SFBWP area. This work was performed to determine baseline volume for use in determination of quantities of uranium and plutonium deposited in the pit from sandfilter backwashes. The SFBWP has three areas where sludge is deposited: (1) the main pit floor, (2) the transfer channel floor, and (3) the surfaces and structures in the SFBWP. The depths of sludge and the uniformity of deposition varies significantly between these three areas. As a result, each of the areas was evaluated separately. The total volume of sludge determined was 3.75 M{sup 3} (132.2 ft{sup 3}).
Date: February 10, 1995
Creator: Dodd, E.N. Jr.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

200 area effluent treatment facilities configuration management plan

Description: Provides facility specific configuration management guidance and references. Describes methods used at Liquid Effluent Facilities for configuration control in accordance with upper tier requirements
Date: October 10, 1995
Creator: Sullivan, N. J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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200 Area effluent treatment facility process control plan 95-001

Description: Provides initial run plan guidance for the 200 Area Effluent Treatment Facility in the treatment of Liquid Effluent Retention Facility waste during Phase III testing
Date: October 10, 1995
Creator: Sullivan, N. J.; Flyckt, D. L. & Peres, M. W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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200 area liquid effluent facility quality assurance program plan. Revision 1

Description: Direct revision of Supporting Document WHC-SD-LEF-QAPP-001, Rev. 0. 200 Area Liquid Effluent Facilities Quality Assurance Program Plan. Incorporates changes to references in tables. Revises test to incorporate WHC-SD-LEF-CSCM-001, Computer Software Configuration Management Plan for 200 East/West Liquid Effluent Facilities
Date: October 10, 1995
Creator: Sullivan, N. J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

200 Area monthly report No. 4, April 1966

Description: This monthly report details activities of the 200 Area for the month of April 1966.
Date: May 10, 1966
Creator: Christy, J. T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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200 Area weekly report

Description: No Description Available.
Date: March 10, 1955
Creator: Christl, R. J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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200 area weekly report

Description: This is the weekly progress report for the 200 area for the week of November 10, 1955. Areas discussed pertaining to the solvent extraction plants include operation status, 232-F Building, 221-F - NFE dissolver, 200-F - solvent purification, 221-F - increased throughput, 241-F additional waste storage tanks, 221-F canyon pumps.
Date: November 10, 1955
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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224-UA continuous calciner trough examination

Description: The continuous calciners at UO{sub 3} Plant are of a new design which was developed at HAPO and placed in service late in 1956. The heat transfer troughs are considered to be the most vulnerable parts of the calciners because of their high operating temperatures. Thermal stresses are calculated to be quite high, and when added to the direct mechanical stresses from powder load etc., come close to the limiting safe stress for stainless steel at the operating temperature. It is felt that trough failure will be progressive as a result of creep type distortion and cracks at stress concentration points. The higher the stress (and temperature), the more rapid the rate of failure will be. All possible steps have been taken to limit maximum trough temperature, rate of change, and variations from one part of the trough to another. These steps were not always successful and various troughs have been subjected to rather severe temperature shocks as well as high mechanical stresses due to agitator failures. Despite these difficulties, no signs of failure could be detected by visual inspection. It was decided, therefore, that a more complete examination should be made. This examination was made to determine the present condition of one of the troughs and a discussion of results is provided.
Date: March 10, 1958
Creator: Kennedy, R. A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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234-5 Building RM line equipment tests, Task III mixer

Description: Several operations that are important to the process as carried out in Task III (Reduction) are performed by the mixer. In order to specify the process certain tests were made to study these operations and are discussed in this report. They include: Mixing Time, Mixer Discharge Rate, Mixer Holdup, and Mixer Capacity. A description of the test, conclusions and recommendations is provided.
Date: April 10, 1952
Creator: Collins, P. E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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242-A Evaporator/plutonium uranium extraction (PUREX) effluent treatment facility (ETF) nonradioactive air emission test report

Description: This report shows the methods used to test the stack gas outlet concentration and emission rate of Volatile Organic Compounds as Total Non-Methane Hydrocarbons in parts per million by volume,grams per dry standard cubic meter, and grams per minute from the PUREX ETF stream number G6 on the Hanford Site. Test results are shown in Appendix B.1.
Date: May 10, 1996
Creator: Hill, J. S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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