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Description of healing rituals for serious patients

Description: Mr. Tshering describes how to cure a serious patient using various rituals including preparing an elaborate feast, offering jewelry, and dressing as ransom to get back the soul of the patient.
Date: July 14, 2022
Duration: 11 minutes 56 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of Mamo Zomsa prediction

Description: Mr. Tshering describes the practice Mamo Zomsa (gathering all ghosts) which uses astrology and a rosary to determine the cause of a sickness. The rosary indicates the astrological predictions with different numbers: 3 for sickness caused by the union of Mamo and his family, or 5 for those caused by the Mamo family and servants.
Date: July 14, 2022
Duration: 11 minutes 55 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of healing rituals and remedies

Description: Mr. Tshering introduces himself and explains how long he has been performing rituals, the cause of various diseases, and remedies for stomach aches. He also talks about his marriage life and resettlement.
Date: July 14, 2022
Duration: 5 minutes 57 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of appeasement rituals for spirits and ghosts

Description: Mr. Tshering describes how to appease spirits and ghosts with wine, water, and smoke. He uses the count of the rosary to determine remedies for sickness. During the process, he recites the Buddha mantra.
Date: July 14, 2022
Duration: 10 minutes 40 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of Lamring Mü ritual

Description: Mr. Karma Wangdi describes the Lamring Mü ritual which is used to chase away spirits before taking a sick person to the hospital. First, some simple ritual ceremonies are performed at home to clear the spirits. This is because if the doctor or nurse injects the sick person, the spirit within the sick person’s body could instantly die. Mr. Wangdi is the last known Bonpo (practitioner of Bon rituals) in Chema village in the Trashi Yangste District of Bhutan. He also belongs to the first generatio… more
Date: June 18, 2022
Duration: 3 minutes 51 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Performance of an epic poem song

Description: Performance of a song about royalty in Kongü from the epic of King Gaser Gyalpo of Lithang by Mr. Karma Wangdi.
Date: June 18, 2022
Duration: 2 minutes 11 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of Mamo appeasement rituals

Description: Mr. Karma Wangdi describes the Bon ritual ceremonies used to appease Mamo, the holder of all sickness. Three flags representing the father, mother, and son of Mamo are used to request forgiveness for any wrongdoing.
Date: June 18, 2022
Duration: 4 minutes 54 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Performance of an epic poem introduction

Description: Performance of an introductory song from the epic of King Gaser Gyalpo of Lithang by Mr. Karma Wangdi.
Date: June 18, 2022
Duration: 2 minutes 11 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of Garpo appeasement rituals

Description: Mr. Karma Wangdi describes the Bon ritual ceremonies used to appease Garpo, also known as Nepo. These involve raising and/or sacrificing a pig, depending on the patient.
Date: June 18, 2022
Duration: 2 minutes 59 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Performance of the Arpo dance ritual, part 10

Description: 'Arpo' is a generic term for the naked dance ritual practiced in Chema village, Trashiyangtse, Bhutan. Mr. Karma Wangdi is well-known for his efforts to sustain these rituals in Chema village. In this recording, the dancers praise the assembly of the monk at the monastery for their service and the serpent world for granting jewels.
Date: June 19, 2022
Duration: 1 minute 18 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Performance of the Arpo dance ritual, part 2

Description: 'Arpo' is a generic term for the naked dance ritual practiced in Chema village, Trashiyangtse, Bhutan. Mr. Karma Wangdi is well-known for his efforts to sustain these rituals in Chema village. In this recording, he explains to the audience the lyrics: "if you don’t know who I am, join the monkhood, ask the serpent king, ask the thunder and lightening." He describes that, with each stanza, the dancers will wave their sword to show the might of the mythical king of Tibet.
Date: unknown
Duration: 1 minute 11 seconds
Partner: UNT College of Information

Performance of the Arpo dance ritual, part 12

Description: 'Arpo' is a generic term for the naked dance ritual practiced in Chema village, Trashiyangtse, Bhutan. Mr. Karma Wangdi is well-known for his efforts to sustain these rituals in Chema village. In this recording, he describes how the mythical king of Ling, originally from Lhasa, got married to Shäcang Dema of the Ling.
Date: June 19, 2022
Duration: 5 minutes 47 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Performance of the Arpo dance ritual, part 6

Description: 'Arpo' is a generic term for the naked dance ritual practiced in Chema village, Trashiyangtse, Bhutan. Mr. Karma Wangdi is well-known for his efforts to sustain these rituals in Chema village. In this recording, he is introducing the mythical king Khesar Gyelpo to the demonic king of Hör. He also asking the guardian king of Tshona to join.
Date: June 19, 2022
Duration: 4 minutes 03 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Performance of the Arpo dance ritual, part 3

Description: 'Arpo' is a generic term for the naked dance ritual practiced in Chema village, Trashiyangtse, Bhutan. Mr. Karma Wangdi is well-known for his efforts to sustain these rituals in Chema village. In this recording, he is invoking the deities and asking them to be his guidance.
Date: June 19, 2022
Duration: 2 minutes 02 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Performance of the Arpo dance ritual, part 8

Description: 'Arpo' is a generic term for the naked dance ritual practiced in Chema village, Trashiyangtse, Bhutan. Mr. Karma Wangdi is well-known for his efforts to sustain these rituals in Chema village. In this recording, he is concluding the dance with praise to the father, mother, son, and daughter, as well as the feast, the auspicious day, and to the people gathered for the dance ritual.
Date: June 19, 2022
Duration: 2 minutes 47 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Conversation and demonstration of Nêpo appeasement rituals

Description: After a casual conversation, Mr. Karma Wangdi demonstrates the Bon ritual ceremonies used to appease Nêpo, a local ghost or spirit who steals the life force of humans. He appeases Nêpo, asking him to divert life's obstacles.
Date: June 19, 2022
Duration: 2 minutes 08 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Performance of the Arpo dance ritual, part 11

Description: 'Arpo' is a generic term for the naked dance ritual practiced in Chema village, Trashiyangtse, Bhutan. Mr. Karma Wangdi is well-known for his efforts to sustain these rituals in Chema village. In this recording, he is sings about the mythical king Ling, known as Gäser Gyelpo. Ling is travelling eastward to Hör, a mythical demonic kingdom.
Date: June 19, 2022
Duration: 2 minutes 12 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of Tshong Tshongma appeasement rituals

Description: Mr. Karma Wangdi describes the Bon ritual ceremonies used to appease Tshong Tshongma, the most sacred mountain in Eastern Bhutan. It is accessible only for four months per year due to local customs and myths. At over 4000m, Tshong Tshongma is a very important deity, especially to the people in its vicinity. They appease Tshong Tshongma before making offerings to the other local deities by raising three flags, burning three units of incense, and offering wine. When someone is seriously ill near … more
Date: June 19, 2022
Duration: 7 minutes 38 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of Abi Phôding appeasement rituals

Description: Mr. Karma Wangdi describes the Bon ritual ceremonies used to appease Abi Phôding. If someone suddenly has a hearing problem, they could have been cursed by Abi Phôding. To appease her, they put a ladle, an eggshell, and wine at the tri-junction, call her name three times, and ask her to give her ear.
Date: June 18, 2022
Duration: 1 minute 38 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of Phoshing and Moshing appeasement rituals

Description: Mr. Karma Wangdi describes the Bon ritual ceremonies used to appease the male spirit Phoshing and the female spirit Moshing. A smoke offering is made by mixing flour with dry meat, wine, and water.
Date: June 18, 2022
Duration: 3 minutes 38 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Demonstration of Nêpo appeasement rituals

Description: Mr. Karma Wangdi demonstrates the Bon ritual ceremonies used to appease Nêpo, a local ghost or spirit who steals the life force of humans. The name Nêpo is Dakpa for 'guest'. He can be appeased by raising prayer flags using mugwort and offering wine. Also present were Gajay and Wangdi's grandchildren.
Date: June 19, 2022
Duration: 1 minute 37 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Description of Tshong Tshongma appeasement rituals and offerings

Description: Mr. Karma Wangdi describes the Bon ritual ceremonies used to appease Tshong Tshongma. This is a very important deity in eastern Bhutan, especially to the people in its vicinity. People bow three times and give offerings. When someone is seriously ill near Tshong Tshongma, they would sacrifice an ox as an offering.
Date: June 18, 2022
Duration: 6 minutes 53 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information

Performance of Arpo ritual song

Description: Before the Arpo rituals, Mr. Karma Wangdi performs a song about royalty in Kongü stating that his body and possessions (sword, helmet, belt, boots, body armor, bow, and arrow) belong to King Gaser Gyalpo.
Date: June 18, 2022
Duration: 1 minute 23 seconds
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
Partner: UNT College of Information
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