Description:
Net infiltration is a key hydrologic parameter that controls the rate of deep percolation through the unsaturated zone, the groundwater recharge, radionuclide transport, and seepage into the underground tunnels. Because net infiltration is largely affected by climatic conditions, future changes in climatic conditions will potentially alter net infiltration. The objectives of this presentation are to: (1) Present a conceptual model and a semi-empirical approach for regional, climatic forecasting…
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Description:
The vadose zone comprises the region lying between the earth’s surface and the top of the regional seasonal aquifer. Until recently contamination in the vadose zone was believed to remain relatively immobile. Thus, little attention was paid to understanding the nature of the vadose zone or the potential pathways for contaminants to migrate through it to the water table or other accessible environments. However, recent discoveries of contaminants migrating considerable distances through the vado…
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Description:
Integrated economic models have been used to project both baseline and mitigation greenhouse gas emissions scenarios at the country and the global level. Results of these scenarios are typically presented at the sectoral level such as industry, transport, and buildings without further disaggregation. Recently, a keen interest has emerged on constructing bottom up scenarios where technical energy saving potentials can be displayed in detail (IEA, 2006b; IPCC, 2007; McKinsey, 2007). Analysts inte…
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Date:
March 30, 2009
Creator:
de la Rue du Can, Stephane; McNeil, Michael & Sathaye, Jayant
Description:
There is a dramatic increase in numbers of proton/carbon cancer therapy facilities in recent years due to a clear advantage with respect to the other radiation therapy treatments. Cost of the ion cancer therapy is still to high for most of the hospitals and a dominating part comes from the delivery systems. We had previously presented design of the carbon and proton isocentric gantries using the principle of the non-scaling alternating gradient fixed field magnets (NS-FFAG), where a size and we…
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Description:
A major concern in the development of enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) is achieving and maintaining adequate injectivity, while avoiding the development of preferential short-circuiting flow paths such as those caused by thermally-induced stress cracking. Past researches have tended to focus primarily on thermal and hydraulic stimulation. Recent studies suggest that chemical stimulation may improve the performance of EGS reservoirs. Geothermal injection wells are often drilled into formations …
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Description:
A controlled field pilot has been developed in Bozeman, Montana, USA, to study near surface CO2 transport and detection technologies. A slotted horizontal well divided into six zones was installed in the shallow subsurface. The scale and CO2 release rates were chosen to be relevant to developing monitoring strategies for geological carbon storage. The field site was characterized before injection, and CO2 transport and concentrations in saturated soil and the vadose zone were modeled. Controlle…
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Date:
October 20, 2009
Creator:
Spangler, L.H.; Dobeck, L.M.; Nehrir, A.; Humphries, S.; Barr, J.; Keith, C. et al.
Description:
The attenuation of groundwater contamination via chemical reaction is traditionally evaluated by monitoring contaminant concentration through time. However, this method can be confounded by common transport processes (e.g. dilution, sorption). Isotopic techniques bypass the limits of concentration methods, and so may provide improved accuracy in determining the extent of reaction. We apply measurements of {sup 238}U/{sup 235}U to a U bioremediation field experiment at the Rifle Integrated Field…
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Description:
Hydrogeophysical methods are presented that support the siting and monitoring of aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) systems. These methods are presented as numerical simulations in the context of a proposed ASR experiment in Kuwait, although the techniques are applicable to numerous ASR projects. Bulk geophysical properties are calculated directly from ASR flow and solute transport simulations using standard petrophysical relationships and are used to simulate the dynamic geophysical response t…
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Date:
December 1, 2009
Creator:
Minsley, B.J.; Ajo-Franklin, J.; Mukhopadhyay, A. & Morgan, F.D.
Description:
Uranium-series data for groundwater samples from the Nopal I uranium ore deposit were obtained to place constraints on radionuclide transport and hydrologic processes for a nuclear waste repository located in fractured, unsaturated volcanic tuff. Decreasing uranium concentrations for wells drilled in 2003 are consistent with a simple physical mixing model that indicates that groundwater velocities are low ({approx}10 m/y). Uranium isotopic constraints, well productivities, and radon systematics…
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Date:
October 1, 2009
Creator:
Goldstein, S. J.; Abdel-Fattah, A. I.; Murrell, M. T.; Dobson, P. F.; Norman, D. E.; Amato, R. S. et al.
Description:
The Phebus and VERCORS data have played an important role in contemporary understanding and modeling of fission product release and transport from damaged LWR fuel. The data from these test programs have allowed improvement of MELCOR modeling of release and transport processes for both low enrichment uranium fuel as well as high burnup and MOX fuels. The following paper describes the derivation, testing and incorporation of improved radionuclide release models into the MELCOR severe accident co…
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Description:
Iron oxide deposits removed from high pressure system of HRT after the first power run will be annlyzed for Fe/sup 59/ in an attempt to determine the time these deposits were circulated prior to deposition (settling or film formation). Deposits available are film from corrosion specimens (stainless steel, zirconium and titanium) and settled particles. (auth)
Description:
The head-end system for the ARE salt was tested with barren salt and shown to be operable. Transfer of the final batch of salt by gravity flow from the bold tank was shown to be feasible with a redesigned feed salt freeze valve. The CRP trap was also redesigned but the remote dumping mechanism did not function properly. (auth)
Description:
From joint meeting of the American Nuclear Society and the Atomic lndustrial Forum and Nuclear Energy Exhibition; San Francisco, California, USA (11 Nov 1973). Since the radioisotope content that can be tolerated in a canister full of radioactive waste is limited by the amount of heat which can be dissipated from the waste to the surroundings, the heat transfer characteristics of a simple cylindrical canister containing only nonmetallic radioactive wastes were compared with canisters having the…
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Description:
A non-perturbing electron beam diagnostic system for measuring the charge distribution of an ion beam is developed for Heavy Ion Fusion (HIF) beam physics studies. Conventional diagnostics require temporary insertion of sensors into the beam, but such diagnostics stop the beam, or significantly alter its properties. In this diagnostic a low energy, low current electron beam is swept transversely across the ion beam; the measured electron beam deflection is used to infer the charge density profi…
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Date:
September 25, 2004
Creator:
Roy, Prabir K.; Yu, Simon S.; Henestroza, Enrique; Eylon, Shmuel; Shuman, Derek B.; Ludvig, Jozsef et al.
Description:
Modern diagnostic techniques provide detailed information on beam conditions in injector, transport, and final focus experiments in the HIF-VNL. Parameters of interest include beam current, beam energy, transverse and longitudinal distributions, emittance, and space charge neutralization. Imaging techniques, based on kapton films and optical scintillators, complement and in some cases, may replace conventional techniques based on slit scans. Time-resolved optical diagnostics that provide 4-D tr…
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Date:
June 11, 2004
Creator:
Bieniosek, F. M.; Eylon, S.; Faltens, A.; Friedman, A.; Kwan, J. W.; Leitner, M. A. et al.
Description:
The components of the neutral- and plasma-surface interaction model used in the Monte Carlo neutral transport code DEGAS 2 are reviewed. The idealized surfaces and processes handled by that model are inadequate for accurately simulating neutral transport behavior in present day and future fusion devices. We identify some of the physical processes missing from the model, such as mixed materials and implanted hydrogen, and make some suggestions for improving the model.
Description:
Significant experimental and theoretical progress has been made in the U.S. heavy ion fusion program on high-current sources, transport, and focusing. Currents over 200 mA have been transported through a matching section and 10 half-lattice periods with electric quadrupoles. An experiment shows control of high beam current with an aperture, while avoiding secondary electrons. New theory and simulations of the neutralization of intense beam space charge with plasma in various focusing chamber co…
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Date:
June 1, 2002
Creator:
Logan, B. G.; Celata, C. M.; Kwan, J. W.; Lee, E. P.; Leitner, M.; Seidl, P. A. et al.
Description:
The primary objective of this project is to develop a basic understanding of the fate and transport of caustic radioactive brines through the vadose zone. Research is focused primarily on migration of high level waste leaked from single-shell tanks under environmental conditions, and over temporal and spatial scales relevant to the Hanford Site. Understanding the fate and transport of these wastes through the vadose zone is critical to the development of a framework for evaluating different was…
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Date:
June 1, 1999
Creator:
Ward, Anderson L.; Gee, Glendon W. & Tyler, Scott W.
Description:
The primary purpose of this model report is to develop abstractions for the response of engineered barrier system (EBS) components to seismic hazards at a geologic repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, and to define the methodology for using these abstractions in a seismic scenario class for the Total System Performance Assessment - License Application (TSPA-LA). A secondary purpose of this model report is to provide information for criticality studies related to seismic hazards. The seismic ha…
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Description:
We give a general thermodynamical argument showing that in neutron stars, the Coulomb structured mixed phase is always favored for any first order phase transition involving systems in equilibrium with baryon number and electric charge as the two independent components. This finding is likely to have important consequences for many neutron star properties, e.g., glitch phenomena, transport and superfluid properties, r-mode instabilities, and the braking index.
Date:
January 1, 2003
Creator:
Christiansen, Michael B. & Glendenning, Norman K.
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