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Temperature and environmentally assisted cracking in low alloy steel

Description: Environmental assisted cracking (EAC) can be defined as the propagation of fatigue cracks in water at rates from 3 to over 40 times the growth rates in air. For low alloy steels with sulfur contents > 0.0125% by weight, EAC is normal behavior in the 240 to 290C range. However, literature yields mixed results for low alloy steels with compositions just below this sulfur level; some reports indicate EAC while others do not. Also, several authors have reported an increased tendency toward EAC when… more
Date: April 1, 1995
Creator: Auten, T. A. & Monter, J. V.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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An x-ray diffraction study of microstructural deformation induced by cyclic loading of selected steels

Description: X-ray double crystal diffractometry (XRDCD) was used to assess cyclic microstructural deformation in a face centered cubic (fcc) steel (AISI304) and a body centered cubic (bcc) steel (SA508 class 2). The first objective of the investigation was to determine if XRDCD could be used to effectively monitor cyclic microstructural deformation in polycrystalline Fe alloys. A second objective was to study the microstructural deformation induced by cyclic loading of polycrystalline Fe alloys. The approa… more
Date: June 1, 1996
Creator: Fourspring, P. M. & Pangborn, R. N.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Narrow groove gas tungsten arc welding of ASTM A508 Class 4 steel for improved toughness properties

Description: Welding of heavy section steel has traditionally used the automatic submerged arc welding (ASAW) process because of the high deposition rates achievable. However, the properties, particularly fracture toughness, of the weld are often inferior when compared to base material. This project evaluated the use of narrow groove gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) to improve weld material properties. The welding procedures were developed for ASTM A508 Class 4 base material using a 1% Ni filler material com… more
Date: April 1, 1997
Creator: Penik, M.A. Jr.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Results of crack-arrest tests on irradiated a 508 class 3 steel

Description: Ten crack-arrest toughness values for irradiated specimens of A 508 class 3 forging steel have been obtained. The tests were performed according to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard Test Method for Determining Plane-Strain Crack-Arrest Fracture Toughness, K{sub la} of Ferritic Steels, E 1221-88. None of these values are strictly valid in all five ASTM E 1221-88 validity criteria. However, they are useful when compared to unirradiated crack-arrest specimen toughness … more
Date: February 1, 1998
Creator: Iskander, S. K.; Milella, P. P. & Pini, M. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Processing and properties of superclean ASTM A508 Cl. 4 forgings

Description: Steels with improved resistance to temper embrittlement are now being produced using ``superclean`` steelmaking technology. This technology involves the use of scrap control, proper electric arc furnace and ladle refining furnace practices to produce steel with very low Mn, Si, P, S and other residual impurities such as Sn, As and Sb. This technology has been applied on a production basis to modified ASTM A508 Cl- 4 material intended for high temperature pressure vessel forgings. Processing and… more
Date: December 31, 1988
Creator: Hinkel, A. V.; Handerhan, K. J.; Manzo, G. J. & Simkins, G. P.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Corrosion Fatigue Crack Growth in Clad Low-Alloy Steels: Part 1, Medium-Sulfur Forging Steel

Description: Corrosion fatigue crack propagation tests were conducted on a medium- sulfur ASTM A508-2 forging steel overlaid with weld-deposited Alloy EN82H cladding. The specimens featured semi-elliptical surface cracks penetrating approximately 6.3 mm of cladding into the underlying steel. The initial crack sizes were relatively large with surface lengths of 30.3--38.3 mm, and depths of 13.1--16.8 mm. The experiments were conducted in a quasi-stagnant low-oxygen (O{sub 2} < 10 ppb) aqueous environment at … more
Date: April 1, 1996
Creator: James, L. A.; Poskie, T. J.; Auten, T. A. & Cullen, W. H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Materials property testing using a stress-strain microprobe

Description: The Stress-Strain Microprobe (SSM) uses an automated ball indentation technique to obtain flow data from a localized region of a test specimen or component. This technique is used to rapidly determine the yield strength and microstructural condition of a variety of materials including pressure vessel steels, stainless steels, and nickel-base alloys. The SSM provides an essentially non-destructive technique for the measurement of yield strength data. This technique is especially suitable for the… more
Date: September 1, 1998
Creator: Panayotou, N.F.; Baldrey, D.G. & Haggag, F.M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Pretest fracture evaluation of the NESC-1 spinning-cylinder experiment

Description: This paper describes a pretest fracture analysis of the cylinder specimen being used in the Network for Evaluating Steel Components (NESC) large-scale spinning-cylinder project (NESC-1). Organized as an international forum to exchange information on procedures for structural integrity assessment, to collaborate on specific projects, and to promote the harmonization of international standards, the NESC is currently focusing on a research project funded by United Kingdom Health and Safety Executi… more
Date: December 1, 1997
Creator: Keeney, J. A.; Bass, B. R.; Williams, P. T. & Pugh, C. E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Analysis of unclad and sub-clad semi-elliptical flaws in pressure vessel steels

Description: This study was conducted to support warm prestressing experiments on unclad and sub-clad flawed beams loaded in pure bending. Two cladding yield strengths were investigated: 0.6 Sy and 0.8 Sy, where Sy is the yield strength of the base metal. Cladding and base metal were assumed to be stress free at the stress relief temperature for the 3D elastic-plastic finite element analysis used to model the experiments. The model results indicated that when cooled from the stress relief temperature, the c… more
Date: June 1, 1996
Creator: Irizarry-Quinones, H.; Macdonald, B.D. & McAfee, W.J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Evaluation of fracture models through pressurized-thermal-shock testing

Description: Two multiple-transient pressurized-thermal-shock experiments (PTSEs) have been conducted under the NRC-sponsored Heavy-Section Steel Technology (HSST) program. The first test (PTSE-1) employed an SA-508 class 2 steel with high Charpy upper-shelf energy level and a relatively high brittle-to-ductile transition temperature. The second test (PTSE-2) used a 2 1/4 Cr-1 Mo steel (SA-387 grade 22) that had been given a special heat treatment to yield a low Charpy upper-shelf energy level and attendant… more
Date: January 1, 1988
Creator: Pugh, C. E.; Bryan, R. H.; Bass, B. R. & Nanstad, R. K.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Fractographic Study of a Thick Wall Pressure Vessel Failure

Description: The pressure vessel described in this paper is identified as Intermediate Test Vessel 1 (ITV-1) and was fabricated of SA508, Class 2 Steel. It was tested to failure at 54/sup 0/C (130/sup 0/F). The gross failure appeared to be a brittle fracture although accompanied by a measured strain of 0.9%. Seven regions of the fracture were examined in detail and the observed surfaces were compared to Charpy V-notch (C/sub v/) specimens of SA508, Class 2 steel broken at temperatures above and below the du… more
Date: January 1, 1979
Creator: Canonico, D.A.; Crouse, R.S. & Henson, T.J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Heavy-Section Steel Irradiation Program. Volume 2, No. 2: Semiannual progress report, April--September 1991

Description: Goal is to provide a thorough, quantitative assessment of the effects of neutron irradiation on the material behavior, and in particular the fracture toughness properties, of typical pressure vessel stools as they relate to light-water reactor pressure-vessel integrity. Effects of specimen size, material chemistry, product form and microstructure, irradiation fluence, flux, temperature and spectrum, and post-irradiation annealing are being examined on a wide range of fracture properties. The HS… more
Date: October 1, 1994
Creator: Corwin, W. R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Stable Crack Growth Estimates Based on Effective Crack Length and Crack-Opening Displacements

Description: A method was developed for estimating the amount of stable crack growth that has occurred in a fracture toughness specimen that were loaded into the plastic range and for which only a monotonically increasing load-displacement curve was measured. The method was applied to data from several pressure vessel steels. The resulting J vs ..delta..a values compare favorably with a resistance curve obtained by the multiple specimen heat-tinting technique for A533, Grade B, Class 1 steel. The method for… more
Date: January 1, 1979
Creator: Merkle, J. G. & Hudson, C. E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Results of thermal-shock experiment TSE-6 and proposal for TSE-7, 8, 9

Description: TSE-6 was conducted on an A508 class-2-chemistry test cylinder tempered at 613/sup 0/C and containing an inner flaw extending the full 1.2-m length and 10% of the 76 mm thickness. During the test, the cylinder was thermally shocked by contacting the inner surface with liquid nitrogen. There were two initiation-arrest events: one at 69 s at a crack depth ratio of 0.27, and 137 s at 0.93. The second event included the desired long crack jump with arrest near the outer surface and confirmed the LE… more
Date: January 1, 1982
Creator: Cheverton, R.D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Half bead welding technique

Description: The ORNL has employed the Section XI half-bead procedure for six repair welds. Table 2 identifies the repairs and the components upon which they were accomplished. The weld repairs were performed to permit us to evaluate material properties, residual stresses, weld repair procedures, and structural behavior of repaired pressure vessels. As a consequence of our study we concluded that when the half bead procedure is correctly applied: (1) there is no metallurgical degradation of the base materia… more
Date: May 1, 1978
Creator: Canonico, D.A. & Holz, P.P.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Performance of low upper-shelf material under pressurized-thermal-shock loading (PTSE-2)

Description: The second pressurized-thermal-shock experiment (PTSE-2) of the Heavy-Section Steel Technology Program was conceived to investigate fracture behavior of steel with low ductile-tearing resistance. PTSE-2 was designed primarily to reveal the interaction of ductile and brittle modes of fracture and secondarily to investigate the effects of warm prestressing. A test vessel was prepared by inserting a crack-like flaw of well-defined geometry on the outside surface of the vessel. The flaw was 1 m lon… more
Date: January 1, 1987
Creator: Bryan, R. H.; Bass, B. R.; Bolt, S. E.; Bryson, J. W.; Corwin, W. R.; Nanstad, R. K. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Characterization of four prestressed concrete reactor vessel liner steels

Description: A program of fracture toughness testing and analysis is being performed with PCRV steels for HTGRs. This report focuses on background information for the base materials and results of characterization testing, such as tensile and impact properties, chemical composition, and microstructural examination. The steels tested were an SA-508 class 1 forging, two plates of SA-537 class 1, and one plate of SA-537 class 2. Tensile requirements in effect at the time of procurement are met by all four stee… more
Date: December 1, 1980
Creator: Nanstad, R. K.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Comparison between instrumented precracked Charpy and compact specimen tests of carbon steels

Description: The General Atomic Company High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (HTGR) is housed within a prestressed concrete reactor vessel (PCRV). Various carbon steel structural members serve as closures at penetrations in the vessel. A program of testing and evaluation is underway to determine the need for reference fracture toughness (K/sub IR/) and indexing procedures for these materials as described in Appendix G to Section III, ASME Code for light water reactor steels. The materials of interest are car… more
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Nanstad, R. K.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Fracture-mechanics data deduced from thermal-shock and related experiments with LWR pressure-vessel material

Description: Pressurized water reactors (PWRs) are susceptible to certain types of hypothetical accidents that can subject the reactor pressure vessel to severe thermal shock, that is, a rapid cooling of the inner surface of the vessel wall. The thermal-shock loading, coupled with the radiation-induced reduction in the material fracture toughness, introduces the possibility of propagation of preexistent flaws and what at one time were regarded as somewhat unique fracture-oriented conditions. Several postula… more
Date: January 1, 1982
Creator: Cheverton, R.D.; Canonico, D.A.; Iskander, S.K.; Bolt, S.E.; Holz, P.P.; Nanstad, R.K. et al.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Pressure vessel fracture studies pertaining to a PWR LOCA-ECC thermal shock: experiments TSE-1 and TSE-2

Description: The LOCA-ECC Thermal Shock Program was established to investigate the potential for flaw propagation in pressurized-water reactor (PWR) vessels during injection of emergency core coolant following a loss-of-coolant accident. Studies thus far have included fracture mechanics analyses of typical PWRs, the design and construction of a thermal shock test facility, determination of material properties for test specimens, and two thermal shock experiments with 0.53-m-OD (21-in.) by 0.15-m-wall (6-in.… more
Date: September 1, 1976
Creator: Cheverton, R. D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Dynamic structural analysis of a head assembly for a large loop-type LMFBR

Description: An investigation is presented on the dynamic structural response of the primary vessel's head closure to slug impact loadings generated from a 1000 MJ source term. The reference reactor considered was designed in a loop configuration. The head structure consisted of a deck and a triple rotatable plug assembly. Two designs were considered for the deck structure: a reference design and an alternate design. The reference deck was designed as a single flat annular plate. For the alternate design, t… more
Date: January 1, 1984
Creator: Kulak, R.F. & Fiala, C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Sensitization, intergranular attack, stress corrosion cracking, and irradiation effects on the corrosion of iron--chromium--nickel alloys

Description: A literature review is presented on the sensitization, intergranular attack, and stress corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless steels with emphasis on dilute solutions at temperatures below the boiling point of water. An attempt is made to list the possible sources of contaminants during manufacture, shipping, construction and all phases of operation of the sodium containing components. The susceptibility of the different materials to stress corrosion cracking in the various contaminants is… more
Date: April 1, 1978
Creator: Wu, P.C.S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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