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Evaluation of 2 1/4 Cr-1 Mo steel for liquid-lithium containment. III. Effect of velocity and lead content. Unabridged final report

Description: The intergranular penetration of specially heat treated 2-1/4 Cr-1 Mo steel by lead-lithium liquids containing 0, 17.6, and 53 w/o lead has been investigated at temperatures ranging from 300 to 600/sup 0/C and for times to 1000 hours. Limited tests using a 99.3 w/o lead-lithium liquid were also conducted.
Date: December 1981
Creator: Wilkinson, Bruce D. & Edwards, Glen R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Energy savings by means of fuel cell electrodes in electro-chemical industries. Progress report, August 1, 1979-October 31, 1979

Description: Initial efforts in studies of the effects of fuel cell electrodes on energy savings in electrochemical processes have been directed toward assembling test hardware and evaluation of a new zinc plant feed. A complete chemical analysis of the feed is reported. Utilizing the 2'' x 2'' (active electrode area) hardware and techniques developed under Contract No. ET-78-C-02-4881, 6 h zinc electrowinning tests demonstrated a current efficiency of greater than 90% with an energy consumption of 0.54 to … more
Date: December 12, 1979
Creator: Allen, R.J.; Juda, W. & Lindstrom, R.W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Liquid alloys: New perspectives and challenges. [K-Pb]

Description: In this paper, we will focus on one of many unusual liquid semiconducting alloys, K-Pb. The thermodynamic and electrical properties will be discussed and analyzed in terms of a disorder model introduced first by Wagner for crystalline semiconductors. The structure of the equiatomic alloy will be presented; interpretation of the first sharp diffraction peak in the total structure factor is based on the local structures in the crystalline phase and should be viewed as an example of the interrelat… more
Date: December 1, 1987
Creator: Saboungi, M. L.; Leonard, S. R.; Johnson, G. K. & Price, D. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

MARS high-temperature blanket

Description: The MARS high temperature blanket is designed for the dual applications of either high efficiency electricity production or process heat for synthetic fuel production. Other blanket design goals are tritium self-sufficiency, low tritium inventory, more than 40% of the blanket energy extracted at high energy, long lifetime in the neutron environment, no use of reactive liquid metals, minimization of long term activation and use of characterized materials and fabrication techniques. This challeng… more
Date: December 1, 1982
Creator: Gordon, J. D.; Berwald, D. H. & Flanders, B. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Surface tension induced convection in encapsulated liquid metals in microgravity: Apollo--Soyuz test project experiment No. MA-041. [Pb/Pb--0. 05 at. % Au liquid diffusion couple]

Description: One objective of the Apollo--Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) was to conduct scientific experiments in a gravity-free environment to permit the study of melting and solidification processes as well as liquid processes in space. It has been shown by Skylab experiments that surface driven convection caused by temperature gradients (Marangoni effect) is negligibly small. This experiment was designed to determine the extent of surface tension induced convection caused by a steplike compositional variation… more
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Reed, R. E.; Adair, H. L. & Uelhoff, W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Fabrication and test of a superconducting RFQ

Description: The fabrication and first performance tests of a prototype superconducting radio-frequency quadrupole resonator (SRFQ) are described. The SRFQ operates at 57 MHz and is optimized for a particle velocity of {beta} = 0.033. It is constructed of copper electroplated with a lead-tin alloy. An accelerating field gradient of 1.25 MV/m was achieved with about 7 watts of helium dissipation. This corresponds to an energy gain of 700 keV per unit charge over the 56 cm overall diameter of the resonator.
Date: December 31, 1992
Creator: Jain, A.; Wang, H.; Ben-Zvi, Ilan; Paul, P.; Noe, J. W. & Lombardi, A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Simulation of Grain Growth in a Near-Eutectic Solder Alloy

Description: Microstructural evolution due to aging of solder alloys determines their long-term reliability as electrical, mechanical and thermal interconnects in electronics packages. The ability to accurately determine the reliability of existing electronic components as well as to predict the performance of proposed designs depends upon the development of reliable material models. A kinetic Monte Carlo simulation was used to simulate microstructural evolution in solder-class materials. The grain growth m… more
Date: December 16, 1999
Creator: TIKARE,VEENA & VIANCO,PAUL T.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Rotator phases in narrow-gap semiconductors

Description: Zintl compounds of lead and tin with the heavier alkali metals are semiconductors with surprising and unusual properties in both solid and liquid states. These are ascribed to the formation of tetrahedral complex anions arising from charge transfer and covalent bonding around the polyvalent metal ions. The tetrahedra exhibit both rotational and translational order, leading to a variety of complex dynamical behaviors in both solid and liquid phases. The changes in order have dramatic effects on … more
Date: December 1, 1993
Creator: Price, D. L.; Saboungi, M. L.; Fortner, J.; Richardson, J. W. & Howells, W. S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Flux pinning and flux flow studies in superconductors using flux flow noise techniques. Progress report, April 1, 1976--December 17, 1976

Description: Measurements of flux flow noise power spectra have been combined with critical current measurements and measurements of current-voltage characteristics to study flux flow and local pinning interactions effective during flux flow. A model of flux flow noise generation in the presence of local pinning interactions is developed and applied to situations where pinning is dominated by: (1) grain boundaries, (2) normal metal precipitates in a superconducting matrix, (3) gross deformation producing a … more
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Joiner, W. C. H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Tritium control and activation in the Pulse*Star reactor

Description: Pulse*Star is an inertial fusion reactor that uses LiPb coolant in a pool type geometry. LiPb does not release great quantities of chemical energy in a fire, and the pool geometry reduces the difficulty of safely transporting the extremely dense fluid. The compact geometry and good neutronics qualities of LiPb lead to a thermal-to-fusion energy ratio of 1.26, a tritium breeding ratio of 1.22, and a net electric power density 29 times higher than in a fission reactor containment building. The af… more
Date: December 1, 1983
Creator: Blink, James A. & Hoffman, N. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Modeling non-isothermal intermetallic layer growth in the 63Sn-37Pb/Cu system

Description: A model describing diffusion-controlled growth of multiple intermetallic layers and the displacement of the interfaces between layers was developed and implemented in a 1-D computer code based on method-of-lines. The code was applied to analysis of intermetallic layer growth in isothermal solder aging experiments performed with 100 Sn/Cu and 63Sn-37Pb/Cu solder-substrate systems. Analyses indicated that intermetallic layer growth was consistent with a bulk diffusion mechanism involving Cu and/o… more
Date: December 31, 1996
Creator: Vianco, P. T.; Hopkins, P. L.; Erickson, K. L.; Frear, D. R. & Davidson, R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Mechanical stabilization of BSCCO-2223 superconducting tapes

Description: A system to provide mechanical stabilization to high temperature BSCCO-2223 superconducting tape by laminating 0.081 mm thick, spring hard, copper foil to both sides with lead-tin eutectic solder has been successfully optimized. This system has been applied as a method to create a strong, windable composite from pure silver BSCCO tapes with a minimum of critical current (I{sub c}) degradation. The {open_quotes}as received{close_quotes} conductor is evaluated for physical consistency of width an… more
Date: December 31, 1996
Creator: King, C.G.; Grey, D.A. & Mantone, A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Model-based predictions of solid state intermetallic compound layer growth in hybrid microelectronic circuits

Description: A mathematical model was developed to quantitatively describe the intermetallic compound (IMC) layer growth that takes place between a Sn-based solder and a noble metal thick film conductor material used in hybrid microcircuit (HMC) assemblies. The model combined the reaction kinetics of the solder/substrate interaction, as determined from ancillary isothermal aging experiments, with a 2-D finite element mesh that took account of the porous morphology of the thick film coating. The effect of th… more
Date: December 31, 1997
Creator: Vianco, P. T.; Erickson, K. L. & Hopkins, P. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Microstructural Coarsening during Thermomechanical Fatigue and Annealing of Micro Flip-Chip Solder Joints

Description: Microstructural evolution due to thermal effects was studied in micro solder joints (55 {+-} 5 {micro}m). The composition of the Sn/Pb solder studied was found to be hypereutectic with a tin content of 65--70 wt%.This was determined by Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis and confirmed with quantitative stereology. The quantitative stereological value of the surface-to-volume ratio was used to characterize and compare the coarsening during thermal cycling from 0--160 C to the coarsening during anne… more
Date: December 1, 1998
Creator: Barney, Monica M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Thesis or Dissertation
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Characteristics of shear damage for 60Sn-40Pb solder material

Description: This paper presents an investigation of the development of a continuum damage model capable of accurately analyzing shear damage in 60Sn-40Pb solder material. Based on the theory of damage mechanics, an internal state variable known as the damage variable is introduced to characterize material degradation caused by the change of material microstructures under load. A damage surface in stress space is proposed to quantify damage initiation and its successive expanding surfaces to represent damag… more
Date: December 31, 1997
Creator: Fang, H.E.; Chow, C.L. & Wei, Y.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Design criteria and mitigation options for thermal fatigue effects in ATW blankets.

Description: Thermal fatigue due to beam interruptions is an issue that must be addressed in the design of an ATW blanket. Two different approaches can be taken to address this issue. One approach is to analyze current ATW blanket designs in order to set interrupt frequency design limits for the accelerator. The other approach is to assume that accelerator reliability can not be guaranteed before design and construction of the blanket. In this approach the blanket must be designed so as to accommodate an ac… more
Date: December 7, 2000
Creator: Dunn, F. E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Experimental determination of the Cu-In-Pb ternary phase diagram

Description: Use of lead-indium solders in microelectronics packaging has increased over the last decade. Increased usage is due to improved properties, such as greater thermo-mechanical fatigue resistance, lower intermetallic formation rates with base metallizations, such as copper, and lower reflow temperatures. However, search of literature reveals no comprehensive studies on phase equilibrium relations between copper metal and lead-indium solder. Our effort involves a combination of experimental data ac… more
Date: December 1, 1993
Creator: Bolcavage, A.; Kao, C. R.; Chang, Y. A. & Romig, A. D., Jr.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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