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in subjects: "In Vivo"

open access

ErbB2, but not ErbB1, reinitiates proliferation and induces luminal repopulation in epithelial acini

Both ErbB1 and ErbB2 are overexpressed or amplified in breast tumors. To examine the effects of activating ErbB receptors in a context that mimics polarized epithelial cells in vivo, we activated ErbB1 and ErbB2 homodimers in preformed, growth-arrested mammary acini cultured in three-dimensional basement membrane gels. Activation of ErbB2, but not that of ErbB1, led to a reinitiation of cell proliferation and altered the properties of mammary acinar structures. These altered structures share se… more

Date: August 8, 2001

Creator: Muthuswamy, Senthil K; Li, Dongmei; Lelievre, Sophie; Bissell, Mina J & Brugge, Joan S

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Cyr61 promotes breast tumorigenesis and cancer progression

Cyr61, a member of the CCN family of genes, is an angiogenic factor. We have shown that it is overexpressed in invasive and metastatic human breast cancer cells and tissues. Here, we investigated whether Cyr61 is necessary and/or sufficient to bypass the ''normal'' estrogen (E2) requirements for breast cancer cell growth. Our results demonstrate that under E2-depleted condition, Cyr61 is sufficient to induce MCF-7 cells grow in the absence of E2. MCF-7 cells transfected with Cyr61 (MCF-7/Cyr61)… more

Date: January 16, 2002

Creator: Tsai, Miaw-Sheue; Bogart, Daphne F.; Castaneda, Jessica M.; Li, Patricia & Lupu, Ruth

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

3D reconstruction of tensors and vectors

Here we have developed formulations for the reconstruction of 3D tensor fields from planar (Radon) and line-integral (X-ray) projections of 3D vector and tensor fields. Much of the motivation for this work is the potential application of MRI to perform diffusion tensor tomography. The goal is to develop a theory for the reconstruction of both Radon planar and X-ray or line-integral projections because of the flexibility of MRI to obtain both of these type of projections in 3D. The development p… more

Date: February 17, 2005

Creator: Defrise, Michel & Gullberg, Grant T.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Shaping Cows' Approach to Humans Using Positive and Negative Reinforcement

Negative reinforcement can be a powerful tool for behavior analysts, yet it is often overlooked as a treatment method. Pryor (1999) outlines a method for approaching a "timid" animal using a combination of negative reinforcement and positive reinforcement. When the animal stands still, the human operates a clicker, and then retreats from the animal. Gradually, the human moves closer to the animal through the clicking and retreating shaping process. Once the human is standing close enough, food … more

Date: May 2005

Creator: Morehead, Melissa L.

Item Type: Thesis or Dissertation

Partner: UNT Libraries

open access

Glucose Recognition in Vitro Using Fluorescent Spectroscopy

Diabetes is a disease that affects over 16 million people in the USA at a cost of 100 billion dollars annually. The ability to regulate insulin delivery in people with Type 1 diabetes is imperative as is the need to manage glucose levels in all people with this disease. Our current method for monitoring glucose is a (FDA approved) minimally invasive enzymatic sensor that can measure glucose levels in vivo for three days. We are focused on developing a noninvasive implantable glucose sensor that… more

Date: April 25, 2001

Creator: Noronha, G.; Heiss, A. M.; Reilly, J. R.; Vachon, D. J., Jr.; Cary, D. R.; Zaitseva, N. P. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Real-Time Characterization of Virulence Factor Expression in Yersinia pestis Using a Green Fluorescent Protein Reporter System

A real-time reporter system was developed to monitor the thermal induction of virulence factors in Yersinia pestis. The reporter system consists of a plasmid in Y. pestis in which the expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) is under the control of the promoters for six virulence factors, yopE, sycE, yopK, yopT, yscN, and lcrE/yopN, which are all components of the Type III secretion virulence mechanism of Y. pestis. Induction of the expression of these genes in vivo was determined by the i… more

Date: June 9, 2004

Creator: Forde, C.; Rocco, J.; Fitch, J. P. & McCutchen-Maloney, S.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Epimorphin Functions as a Key Morphoregulator for Mammary Epithelial Cells

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and EGF have been reported to promote branching morphogenesis of mammary epithelial cells. We now show that it is epimorphin that is primarily responsible for this phenomenon. In vivo, epimorphin was detected in the stromal compartment but not in lumenal epithelial cells of the mammary gland; in culture, however, a subpopulation of mammary epithelial cells produced significant amounts of epimorphin. When epimorphin-expressing epithelial cell clones were cultured i… more

Date: October 13, 1997

Creator: Hirai, H.; Lochter, A.; Galosy, S.; Koshida, S.; Niwa, S. & Bissell, M.J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

In-vivo imaging of the photoreceptor mosaic in retinal dystrophies and correlations with visual function

To relate in-vivo microscopic retinal changes to visual function assessed with clinical tests in patients with various forms of retinal dystrophies. The UC Davis Adaptive Optics (AO) Fundus Camera was used to acquire in-vivo retinal images at the cellular level. Visual function tests, consisting of visual field analysis, multifocal electroretinography (mfERG), contrast sensitivity and color vision measures, were performed on all subjects. Five patients with different forms of retinal dystrophie… more

Date: October 26, 2005

Creator: Choi, S.; Doble, N.; Hardy, J.; Jones, S.; Keltner, J.; Olivier, S. et al.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Metagenomic and Functional Analysis of Hindgut Microbiota of a Wood-Feeding Higher Termite

From the standpoints of both basic research and biotechnology, there is considerable interest in reaching a clearer understanding of the diversity of biological mechanisms employed during lignocellulose degradation. Globally, termites are an extremely successful group of wood-degrading organisms and are therefore important both for their roles in carbon turnover in the environment and as potential sources of biochemical catalysts for efforts aimed at converting wood into biofuels. Only recently… more

Date: October 1, 2007

Creator: Warnecke, Falk; Warnecke, Falk; Luginbuhl, Peter; Ivanova, Natalia; Ghassemian, Majid; Richardson, Toby H. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

beta 1 integrin inhibition dramatically enhances radiotherapy efficacy in human breast cancer xenografts

{beta}1 integrin signaling has been shown to mediate cellular resistance to apoptosis after exposure to ionizing radiation (IR). Other signaling molecules that increase resistance include Akt, which promotes cell survival downstream of {beta}1 integrin signaling. We showed previously that {beta}1 integrin inhibitory antibodies, AIIB2, enhance apoptosis and decrease growth in human breast cancer cells in 3 dimensional laminin-rich extracellular matrix (3D lrECM) cultures and in vivo. Here we ask… more

Date: June 2, 2008

Creator: Park, Catherine C.; Park, Catherine C.; Zhang, Hui J.; Yao, Evelyn S.; Park, Chong J. & Bissell, Mina J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Laminin and biomimetic extracellular elasticity enhance functional differentiation in mammary epithelia

In the mammary gland, epithelial cells are embedded in a 'soft' environment and become functionally differentiated in culture when exposed to a laminin-rich extracellular matrix gel. Here, we define the processes by which mammary epithelial cells integrate biochemical and mechanical extracellular cues to maintain their differentiated phenotype. We used single cells cultured on top of gels in conditions permissive for {beta}-casein expression using atomic force microscopy to measure the elastici… more

Date: October 20, 2008

Creator: Alcaraz, Jordi; Xu, Ren; Mori, Hidetoshi; Nelson, Celeste M.; Mroue, Rana; Spencer, Virginia A. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Ultraconservation identifies a small subset of extremely constrained developmental enhancers

While experimental studies have suggested that non-coding ultraconserved DNA elements are central nodes in the regulatory circuitry that specifies mammalian embryonic development, the possible functional relevance of their>200bp of perfect sequence conservation between human-mouse-rat remains obscure 1,2. Here we have compared the in vivo enhancer activity of a genome-wide set of 231 non-exonic sequences with ultraconserved cores to that of 206 sequences that are under equivalently severe hu… more

Date: October 1, 2007

Creator: Pennacchio, Len A.; Visel, Axel; Prabhakar, Shyam; Akiyama, Jennifer A.; Shoukry, Malak; Lewis, Keith D. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Unraveling the microenvironmental influences on the normal mammary gland and induction and progression of breast cancer

The normal mammary gland and invasive breast cancer are both complex 'organs' composed of multiple cell types as well as extracellular matrix (ECM) in three-dimensional (3D) space. Conventionally, both normal and malignant breast cells are studied in vitro as two-dimensional (2D) monolayers of epithelial cells, which results in the loss of structure and tissue function. Many laboratories are now investigating regulation of signaling function in normal mammary gland using 3D cultures. However, i… more

Date: June 26, 2008

Creator: Weigelt, Britta & Bissell, Mina J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Processing of 3'-Phosphoglycolate-Terminated DNA Double-StrandBreaks by Artemis Nuclease

The Artemis nuclease is required for V(D)J recombination and for repair of an as yet undefined subset of radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks. To assess the possibility that Artemis functions on oxidatively modified double-strand break termini, its activity toward model DNA substrates, bearing either 3{prime}-hydroxyl or 3{prime}-phosphoglycolate moieties, was examined. A 3{prime}-phosphoglycolate had little effect on Artemis-mediated trimming of long 3{prime} overhangs (>9 nucleotides… more

Date: October 1, 2005

Creator: Povrik, Lawrence F.; Zhou, Tong; Zhou, Ruizhe; Cowan, Morton J. & Yannone, Steven M.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Calibration of the Accuscan II IN Vivo System for High Energy Lung Counting

This report describes the April 2011 calibration of the Accuscan II HpGe In Vivo system for high energy lung counting. The source used for the calibration was a NIST traceable lung set manufactured at the University of Cincinnati UCLL43AMEU & UCSL43AMEU containing Am-241 and Eu-152 with energies from 26 keV to 1408 keV. The lung set was used in conjunction with a Realistic Torso phantom. The phantom was placed on the RMC II counting table (with pins removed) between the v-ridges on the backwall… more

Date: July 1, 2011

Creator: Perry, Ovard R. & Georgeson, David L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Inhibition of vimentin or B1 integrin reverts morphology of prostate tumor cells grown in laminin-rich extracellular matrix gels and reduces tumor growth in vivo

Prostate epithelial cells grown embedded in laminin-rich extracellular matrix (lrECM) undergo morphologic changes that closely resemble their architecture in vivo. In this study, growth characteristics of three human prostate epithelial sublines derived from the same cellular lineage, but displaying different tumorigenic and metastatic properties in vivo, were assessed in three-dimensional lrECM gels. M12, a highly tumorigenic and metastatic subline, was derived from the immortalized, prostate … more

Date: June 12, 2008

Creator: Zhang, Xueping; Fournier, Marcia V; Ware, Joy L; Bissell, Mina J; Yacoub, Adly & Zehner, Zendra E

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Monitoring Gene Expression In Vivo with Nucleic Acid Molecular Switches

The overall objectives of this project were (1) to develop allosteric ribozymes capable of acting as molecular switches for monitoring the levels of both wild-type and mutant mRNA species in living cells and whole animals and (2) to develop highly efficient reagents to deliver nucleic acid molecular switches into living cells, tissues and animals with the ultimate goal of expression profiling specific mRNAs of diagnostic or prognostic value within tumors in animals. During the past year, we hav… more

Date: January 26, 2005

Creator: Ward, David C. & Bray-Ward, Patricia

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Cathepsin L is required for endothelial progenitor cell-induced neovascularization

Infusion of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), but not of mature endothelial cells (ECs), promotes neovascularization after ischemia. We performed a gene expression profiling of EPCs and ECs to identify genes, which might be important for the neovascularization capacity of EPCs. Intriguingly, the protease cathepsin L (CathL) was highly expressed in EPCs as opposed to ECs and is essential for matrix degradation and invasion by EPCs in vitro. CathL deficient mice showed impaired functional reco… more

Date: January 15, 2004

Creator: Urbich, Carmen; Heeschen, Christopher; Aicher, Alexandra; Sasaki, Ken-ichiro; Bruhl, Thomas; Hofmann, Wolf K. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

In vivo argon laser vascular welding using thermal feedback: open and closed loop patency and collagen crosslinking

An in vivo study of vascular welding with a fiber-delivered argon laser was conducted using a canine model. Longitudinal arteriotomies and venotomies were treated on femoral vein and artery. Laser energy was delivered to the vessel wall via a 400 {micro}m optical fiber. The surface temperature at the center of the laser spot was monitored in real time using a hollow glass optical fiber-based two-color infrared thermometer. The surface temperature was limited by either a room-temperature saline … more

Date: February 28, 1997

Creator: Small, W., LLNL

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Spectroscopic Imaging of Bladder Cancer

The feasibility of developing bladder cancer detection methods using intrinsic tissue optical properties is the focus of this investigation. In vitro experiments have been performed using polarized elastic light scattering in combination with tissue autofluorescence in the NIR spectral region under laser excitation in the green and red spectral regions. The experimental results obtained from a set of tissue specimens from 25 patients reveal the presence of optical fingerprint characteristics su… more

Date: January 1, 2003

Creator: Demos, S G; Gandour-Edwards, R; Ramsamooj, R & deVere White, R

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Miniature Uncooled Infrared Sensitive Detectors for in Vivo Biomedical Imaging Applications

Broadband infrared (OR) radiation detectors have been developed using miniature, inexpensive, mass produced microcantilevers capable of detecting temperature differences as small as lea(-6) K. Microcantilevers made out of semiconductor materials can be used either as uncurled photon or thermal detectors. Mounted on a probe mm in diameter a number of microcantilevers can be accommodated in the working channel of existing endoscopes for in vivo proximity focus measurements inside the human body.

Date: June 1, 1998

Creator: Datskos, P. G.; Demos, S. G. & Rajic, S.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Application of both a physical theory and statistical procedure in the analyses of an in vivo study of aerosol deposition

Regional deposition of inhaled aerosols in the respiratory tract is a significant factor in assessing the biological effects from exposure to a variety of environmental particles. Understanding the deposition efficiency of inhaled aerosol particles in the nasal and oral airways can help evaluate doses to the extrathoracic region as well as to the lung. Dose extrapolation from laboratory animals to humans has been questioned due to significant physiological and anatomical variations. Although hu… more

Date: December 1995

Creator: Cheng, K. H.; Swift, D. L. & Yang, Y. H.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Development of a Cell-Based Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Reporter for Bacillus anthracis Lethal Factor Protease

We report the construction of a cell-based fluorescent reporter for anthrax lethal factor (LF) protease activity using the principle of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). This was accomplished by engineering an Escherichia coli cell line to express a genetically encoded FRET reporter and LF protease. Both proteins were encoded in two different expression plasmids under the control of different tightly controlled inducible promoters. The FRET-based reporter was designed to contain a … more

Date: March 22, 2007

Creator: Kimura, R H; Steenblock, E R & Camarero, J A

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Ionizing radiation predisposes non-malignant human mammaryepithelial cells to undergo TGF beta-induced epithelial to mesenchymaltransition

Transforming growth factor {beta}1 (TGF{beta}) is a tumor suppressor during the initial stage of tumorigenesis, but it can switch to a tumor promoter during neoplastic progression. Ionizing radiation (IR), both a carcinogen and a therapeutic agent, induces TGF{beta}, activation in vivo. We now show that IR sensitizes human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC) to undergo TGF{beta}-mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Non-malignant HMEC (MCF10A, HMT3522 S1 and 184v) were irradiated wit… more

Date: April 6, 2007

Creator: Andarawewa, Kumari L.; Erickson, Anna C.; Chou, William S.; Costes, Sylvain; Gascard, Philippe; Mott, Joni D. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department