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Environmental characterization of soils and sediments. Progress report, part 2

Description: Elevated chromium level in the ground water at the SNL/CA site is a major concern. The author has developed an analytical methodology that allows one to identify the possible sources of the contamination. This methodology is focused on the integration of various analytical techniques to characterize physical and chemical properties of the soil samples from the contaminated area. The techniques include inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy disp… more
Date: January 1, 1994
Creator: Yang, N. Y. C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Microsphere fluoroimmunoassay for microorganisms: An update

Description: Microspheres are used as labels in a fluorescence immunoassay for individual microorganisms. The diameter of a sphere that has reacted with microorganisms is determined from measurements of the optical resonance frequencies. The spheres have been coated with antibodies so that each microsphere diameter corresponds to a different species of microorganism. Further experiments on specificity and on optical resonance measurements are presented.
Date: December 31, 1994
Creator: Whitten, W. B.; Ramsey, J. M. & Bronk, B. V.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Noninvasive spectroscopic diagnosis of superficial ocular lesions and corneal infections

Description: The potential of a rapid noninvasive diagnostic system to detect tissue abnormalities on the surface of the eye has been investigated. The optical scatter signal from lesions and normal areas on the conjunctival sclera of the human eye were measured in vivo. It is possible to distinguish nonpigmented pingueculas from other lesions. The ability of the system to detect malignancies could not be tested because none of the measured and biopsied lesions were malignant. Optical scatter and fluorescen… more
Date: February 1, 1994
Creator: Mourant, J. R.; Bigio, I. J.; Johnson, T.; Shimada, T.; Gritz, D. C. & Storey-Held, K.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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CALIOPE UV laser remote sensing data acquisition and control subsystem

Description: This paper will discuss the UV Laser Remote Sensing Data Acquisition and Control Subsystem being developed by Sandia National Laboratories in support of the CALIOPE program. Details include the control of active system elements including the laser and beam steering mirror, passive system elements including detectors and signal processing instrumentation, and the acquisition and transfer of data for archival and evaluation by the multivariate analysis algorithm. Using the LabVIEW design philosop… more
Date: June 1, 1994
Creator: Eyer, H. H.; Turner, J. R. & Daniels, J. W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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An exploration of sequence specific DNA-duplex/pyrene interactions for intercalated and surface-associated pyrene species. Technical progress report

Description: The use of both short (5-atom) and long (12-atom) covalent linking chains to attach, respectively, a pyrenesulfonate or a pyrenebutyrate moiety to a central region of a DNA duplex allows construction of DNA-duplex/pyrene assemblies of two types. Long linking chains permit pyrene to intercalate within the DNA duplex, while the short chains constrain pyrene to remain in the outer-surface region of the major-groove of the duplex. Electrochemical data suggest that reductive electron-transfer (ET) q… more
Date: January 7, 1994
Creator: Netzel, T. L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Surfactant loss control in chemical flooding: Spectroscopic and calorimetric study of adsorption and precipitation on reservoir minerals. Annual report, September 30, 1992--September 30, 1993

Description: The aim of this research project is to investigate mechanisms underlying adsorption and surface precipitation of flooding surfactants on reservoir minerals. Effects of surfactant structure, surfactant combinations, various inorganic and polymeric species, and solids mineralogy will be determined. A multi-pronged approach consisting of micro & nano spectroscopy, microcalorimetry, electrokinetics, surface tension and wettability; is used in this study. The results obtained should help in controll… more
Date: July 1, 1994
Creator: Somasundaran, P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Responsive copolymers for enhanced petroleum recovery. Quarterly technical progress report, March 22, 1994--June 21, 1994

Description: In this report, the authors consider the synthesis of copolymers of interest in the enhanced recovery of petroleum. Acrylamide and N,N-dimethyl-N-dodecyl-N-(2-amidoethyl) ammonium bromide copolymers were synthesized and characterized by various instrumental methods. The rheological properties of this copolymer were investigated using a porous media elongation rheometer.
Date: September 1, 1994
Creator: McCormick, C. & Hester, R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Fluorescence-based video profile beam diagnostics: Theory and experience

Description: Inelastic collisions between accelerated particles and residual gas in the accelerator vessel can cause the residual gas to fluoresce. The gas fluorescence intensity is proportional to the current density of the particle beam. This process provides the foundation for a video diagnostic system to measure the profile and position of accelerated particle beams. This, in fact, has proven to be a useful diagnostic at several installations. This paper describes the light production process resulting … more
Date: May 1, 1994
Creator: Sandoval, D.; Gilpatrick, D.; Shinas, M.; Garcia, R.; Yuan, V. & Zander, M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Integrated UV fluorescence/DIAL model

Description: Current SNL CALIOPE modeling efforts have produced an initial model that addresses DIAL issues of wavelength, hardware design parameters, range evaluation, etc. Although this model is producing valuable results and will be used to support the planning and evaluations necessary for the first ground field experiment, it is expected to have limitations with the complex science issues that affect the CALIOPE program. In particular, the multi-dimensional effects of atmospheric turbulence, plume dyna… more
Date: June 1, 1994
Creator: Jefferson, K. J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Spectroscopic database for multispectral UV laser remote sensing measurements

Description: The optimization of UV laser remote sensing systems and the interpretation of the return signals from these systems require detailed absorption and fluorescence spectra for the species of interest. Multispectral fluorescence techniques additionally require a database of dispersed UV fluorescence excitation spectra. Excitation wavelengths between 250 and 400 nm and fluorescence wavelengths in the 200 to 700 nm range are of interest.
Date: June 1, 1994
Creator: Tisone, G. C.; Hargis, P. J. Jr.; Clark, B. & Wakefield-Reyes, C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Comparison of results of two dye-tracer tests at the Chestnut Ridge Security Pits, Y-12 Plant, Oak Ridge, Tennessee

Description: Personnel from Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. (Energy Systems) manage a closed hazardous waste disposal unit the Chestnut Ridge Security Pits (CRSP), located on the crest of Chestnut Ridge near the Y-12 Plant, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. To investigate the discharge of groundwater from CRSP to springs and streams located along the flanks and base of Chestnut Ridge, an initial dye-tracer study was conducted during 1990. A hydraulic connection was inferred to exist between the injection well (GW-… more
Date: January 1, 1994
Creator: Goldstrand, P. M. & Haas, J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Comparison of the rate constants for energy transfer in the light-harvesting protein, C-phycocyanin, calculated from Foerster`s theory and experimentally measured by time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy

Description: We have measured and assigned rate constants for energy transfer between chromophores in the light-harvesting protein C-phycocyanin (PC), in the monomeric and trimeric aggregation states, isolated from Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002. In order to compare the measured rate constants with those predicted by Fdrster`s theory of inductive resonance in the weak coupling limit, we have experimentally resolved several properties of the three chromophore types ({beta}{sub 155} {alpha}{sub 84}, {beta}{sub 84… more
Date: May 1, 1994
Creator: Debreczeny, M. P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Process analytical chemistry applied to actinide waste streams

Description: The Department of Energy is being called upon to clean up it's legacy of waste from the nuclear complex generated during the cold war period. Los Alamos National Laboratory is actively involved in waste minimization and waste stream polishing activities associated with this clean up. The Advanced Testing Line for Actinide Separations (ATLAS) at Los Alamos serves as a developmental test bed for integrating flow sheet development of nitric acid waste streams with process analytical chemistry and … more
Date: February 1, 1994
Creator: Day, R. S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Integrated Design for Marketing and Manufacturing team: An examination of LA-ICP-AES in a mobile configuration. Final report

Description: The Department of Energy (DOE) has identified the need for field-deployable elemental analysis devices that are safer, faster, and less expensive than the fixed laboratory procedures now used to screen hazardous waste sites. As a response to this need, the Technology Integration Program (TIP) created a mobile, field-deployable laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (LA-ICP-AES) sampling and analysis prototype. Although the elemental. screening prototype has been … more
Date: May 1, 1994
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Chemical recognition software

Description: We have developed a capability to make real time concentration measurements of individual chemicals in a complex mixture using a multispectral laser remote sensing system. Our chemical recognition and analysis software consists of three parts: (1) a rigorous multivariate analysis package for quantitative concentration and uncertainty estimates, (2) a genetic optimizer which customizes and tailors the multivariate algorithm for a particular application, and (3) an intelligent neural net chemical… more
Date: December 1, 1994
Creator: Wagner, J. S.; Trahan, M. W.; Nelson, W. E.; Hargis, P. J. Jr. & Tisone, G. C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Radioactive contamination screening with laser-induced fluorescence

Description: The ability to induce, detect and discriminate fluorescence of uranium oxides makes available new capabilities for screening the surface of large complex facilities for uranium. This paper will present the results of field tests evaluate laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) as a contamination screening tool and report on the progress to produce a field portable instrument for uranium surveys on exposed surfaces. The principal effect is to illuminate the surface of an object or an area with a remote… more
Date: June 1994
Creator: Sheely, Roy & Di Benedetto, John
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Portable sensor for hazardous waste

Description: Objective was to develop a field-portable monitor for sensitive hazardous waste detection using active nitrogen energy transfer (ANET) excitation of atomic and molecular fluorescence (active nitrogen is made in a dielectric-barrier discharge in nitrogen). It should provide rapid field screening of hazardous waste sites to map areas of greatest contamination. Results indicate that ANET is very sensitive for monitoring heavy metals (Hg, Se) and hydrocarbons; furthermore, chlorinated hydrocarbons … more
Date: December 31, 1994
Creator: Piper, L. G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Preliminary evaluation of resinite recovery from Illinois coal. [Quarterly] technical report, September 1--November 30, 1994

Description: Resinite is a naturally occurring substance found in coal and derived from original plant resins. It is ubiquitous in North American coals. It makes up one to four percent by volume of most Illinois coals. It has been commercially exploited in the western USA for use in adhesives, varnishes and thermal setting inks. The overall objective of this project is to compare the properties of the resinite contained in Illinois Basin coals to resinite being commercially exploited in the western United S… more
Date: December 31, 1994
Creator: Crelling, J.C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Optical detection system for multispectral UV fluorescence laser remote sensing measurements

Description: A mobile laser remote sensing system is being developed for multispectral UV fluorescence detection of vapor, liquid, and solid effluents. TM system uses laser wavelengths between 250 and 400 nm to excite UV fluorescence spectra that can be used to detect and identify species in multicomponent chemical mixtures. With a scanning mirror assembly, the system is designed to map chemical concentrations with a range resolution of {approximately}5 m. In this paper we describe the optical detection sys… more
Date: May 25, 1994
Creator: Tisone, G. C.; Clark, B.; Wakefield-Reyes, C.; Hargis, P. H., Jr.; Michie, B.; Downey, T. L. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Single molecule detection using charge-coupled device array technology. Final report

Description: An ultra sensitive technique for the detection of fluorescent species in a flowing stream has been developed. The extension of this technique to the detection of fluorescently tagged nucleotides will be a significant benefit to one of the novel approaches for DNA sequencing being developed at Los Alamos National Laboratories. The detection scheme is based on a novel mode of operating a Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) which greatly enhances the discrimination between fluorescence from the analyte an… more
Date: April 1, 1994
Creator: Denton, M. B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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