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Vision 21 Systems Analysis Methodologies Annual Report: 2001

Description: Under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Energy/National Energy Technology Laboratory, a multi-disciplinary team led by the Advanced Power and Energy Program of the University of California at Irvine is defining the system engineering issues associated with the integration of key components and subsystems into power plant systems that meet performance and emission goals of the Vision 21 program. The study efforts have narrowed down the myriad of fuel processing, power generation, and emi… more
Date: August 11, 2003
Creator: Samuelsen, G.S.; Rao, A.; Robson, F. & Washom, B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Heat removal from high temperature tubular solid oxide fuel cells utilizing product gas from coal gasifiers.

Description: In this work we describe the results of a computer study used to investigate the practicality of several heat exchanger configurations that could be used to extract heat from tubular solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) . Two SOFC feed gas compositions were used in this study. They represent product gases from two different coal gasifier designs from the Zero Emission Coal study at Los Alamos National Laboratory . Both plant designs rely on the efficient use of the heat produced by the SOFCs . Both f… more
Date: January 1, 2003
Creator: Parkinson, W. J. (William Jerry),
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Methanol crossover in direct methanol fuel cell systems.

Description: Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) are currently being investigated for a number of different applications from several milliwatts to near kilowatt size scales (cell phones, laptops, auxiliary power units, etc .). Because methanol has a very high energy density, over 6000 W hr/kg, a DMFC can possibly have greatly extended lifetimes compared to the batteries, doesn't present the storage problems associated with hydrogen fuel cells and can possibly operate more efficiently and cleanly than intern… more
Date: January 1, 2003
Creator: Pivovar, Bryan Scott; Bender, Guido; Davey, John R. & Zelenay, Piotr
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

An Investigation to Resolve the Interaction Between Fuel Cell, Power Conditioning System and Application Loads

Description: Solid-Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) stacks respond quickly to changes in load and exhibit high part- and full-load efficiencies due to its rapid electrochemistry. However, this is not true for the thermal, mechanical, and chemical balance-of-plant subsystem (BOPS), where load-following time constants are, typically, several orders of magnitude higher. This dichotomy diminishes the reliability and performance of the electrode with increasing demand of load. Because these unwanted phenomena are not well… more
Date: November 3, 2003
Creator: Mazumder, Sudip K.; McKintyre, Chuck; Herbison, Dan; Nelson, Doug; Haynes, Comas; Spakovsky, Michael von et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Fabrication of Yttria stabilized zirconia thin films on poroussubstrates for fuel cell applications

Description: A process for the deposition of yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) films, on porous substrates, has been developed. These films have possible applications as electrolyte membranes in fuel cells. The films were deposited from colloidal suspensions through the vacuum infiltration technique. Films were deposited on both fully sintered and partially sintered substrates. A critical cracking thickness for the films was identified and strategies are presented to overcome this barrier. Green film density… more
Date: June 16, 2003
Creator: Leming, Andres
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Power Systems Development Facility

Description: This report discusses Test Campaign TC12 of the Kellogg Brown & Root, Inc. (KBR) Transport Gasifier train with a Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation (SW) particle filter system at the Power Systems Development Facility (PSDF) located in Wilsonville, Alabama. The Transport Gasifier is an advanced circulating fluidized-bed reactor designed to operate as either a combustor or a gasifier using a particulate control device (PCD). While operating as a gasifier, either air or oxygen can be used as … more
Date: July 1, 2003
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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R&D on an Ultra-Thin Composite Membrane for High-Temperature Operation in PEMFC. Final Report

Description: FuelCell Energy developed a novel high-temperature proton exchange membrane for PEM fuel cells for building applications. The laboratory PEM fuel cell successfully operated at 100-400{supdegree}C and low relative humidity to improve CO tolerance, mitigate water and thermal management challenges, and reduce membrane cost. The developed high-temperature membrane has successfully completed 500h 120C endurance testing.
Date: October 6, 2003
Creator: Yuh, C.-Y.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Development of Pressurized Circulating Fluidized Bed Partial Gasification Module (PGM)

Description: Foster Wheeler Power Group, Inc. is working under US Department of Energy contract No. DE-FC26-00NT40972 to develop a partial gasification module (PGM) that represents a critical element of several potential coal-fired Vision 21 plants. When utilized for electrical power generation, these plants will operate with efficiencies greater than 60% and produce near zero emissions of traditional stack gas pollutants. The new process partially gasifies coal at elevated pressure producing a coal-derived… more
Date: December 31, 2003
Creator: Robertson, A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Vision 21 Systems Analysis Methodologies Annual Report: 2002

Description: Under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Energy/National Energy Technology Laboratory, a multi-disciplinary team led by the Advanced Power and Energy Program of the University of California at Irvine is defining the system engineering issues associated with the integration of key components and subsystems into power plant systems that meet performance and emission goals of the Vision 21 program. The study efforts have narrowed down the myriad of fuel processing, power generation, and emi… more
Date: August 11, 2003
Creator: Samuelsen, G.S.; Rao, A.; Robson, F. & Washom, B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The Gas-Cooled Fast Reactor: Report on Safety System Design for Decay Heat Removal

Description: The gas-cooled fast reactor (GFR) was chosen as one of the Generation IV nuclear reactor systems to be developed based on its excellent potential for sustainability through reduction of the volume and radiotoxicity of both its own fuel and other spent nuclear fuel, and for extending/utilizing uranium resources orders of magnitude beyond what the current open fuel cycle can realize. In addition, energy conversion at high thermal efficiency is possible with the current designs being considered, t… more
Date: September 1, 2003
Creator: Weaver, K. D.; Marshall, T.; Wei, T. Y. C.; Feldman, E. E.; Driscoll, M. J. & Ludewig, H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Photochemical oxidation of oxalate in Pu-238 process streams

Description: For over forty years, NASA has relied on plutonium-238 in Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator (RTG) units and Radioisotope Heater Units ( W s ) to provide power and heat for many space missions including Transit, Pioneer, Viking, Voyager, Galileo, Ulysses and Cassini. RHUs provide heat to keep key components warm in extremely cold environments found on planets, moons, or in deep space. RTGs convert heat generated from the radioactive decay of plutonium-238 into electricity using a themocouple… more
Date: January 1, 2003
Creator: Long, Kristy M.; Ford, Doris K. & Trujillo, Leonardo A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

DEVELOPMENT OF PRESSURIZED CIRCULATIONG FLUIDIZED BED PARTIAL GASIFICATION MODULE(PGM)

Description: Foster Wheeler Power Group, Inc. is working under US Department of Energy contract No. DE-FC26-00NT40972 to develop a partial gasification module (PGM) that represents a critical element of several potential coal-fired Vision 21 plants. When utilized for electrical power generation, these plants will operate with efficiencies greater than 60% and produce near zero emissions of traditional stack gas pollutants. The new process partially gasifies coal at elevated pressure producing a coal-derived… more
Date: April 17, 2003
Creator: Robertson, Archie
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Corrosion behavior of stainless steel in solid oxide fuel cell simulated gaseous environment

Description: Significant progress in reducing the operating temperature of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) from {approx}1000 C to {approx} 750 C may permit the replacement of currently used ceramic interconnects by metallic interconnects in planar SOFCs (PSOFC). The use of metallic interconnects will result in a substantial cost reduction of PSOFCs. The interconnects operate in severe gaseous environments, in which one side of the interconnect can be exposed to hydrogen and the other side to air or oxygen at … more
Date: January 2003
Creator: Ziomek-Moroz, M.; Covino, Bernard S., Jr.; Holcomb, Gordon R.; Cramer, Stephen D.; Matthes, Steven A.; Bullard, Sophie J. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

ULTRA-LOW SULFUR REDUCTION EMISSION CONTROL DEVICE/DEVELOPMENT OF AN ON-BOARD FUEL SULFUR TRAP

Description: Honeywell is actively working on a 3-year program to develop and demonstrate proof-of-concept for an ''on-vehicle'' desulfurization fuel filter for heavy-duty diesel engines. Integration of the filter into the vehicle fuel system will reduce the adverse effects sulfur has on post combustion emission control devices such as NO{sub x} adsorbers. The NO{sub x} adsorber may be required to meet the proposed new EPA Tier II and ''2007-Rule'' emission standards. The proposed filter concept is based on… more
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: Rohrbach, Ron; Zulauf, Gary & Gavin, Tim
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Development of Novel Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Final Report

Description: Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that convert the available chemical free energy directly into electrical energy, without going through heat exchange process. Of all different types of fuel cells, the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is one of the most promising power sources for stand-alone utility and electric vehicle applications. Platinum (Pt) Catalyst is used for both fuel and air electrodes in PEMFCs. However, carbon monoxide (CO) contamination of H{sub 2} greatly affects … more
Date: April 24, 2003
Creator: Ilias, Shamsuddin
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Low Cost Reversible fuel cell systems

Description: This final report summarizes a 3-phase program performed from March 2000 through September 2003 with a particular focus on Phase III. The overall program studied TMI's reversible solid oxide stack, system concepts, and potential applications. The TMI reversible (fuel cell-electrolyzer) system employs a stack of high temperature solid-oxide electrochemical cells to produce either electricity (from a fuel and air or oxygen) or hydrogen (from water and supplied electricity). An atmospheric pressur… more
Date: December 30, 2003
Creator: Inc., Technology Management
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

SOLID STATE ENERGY CONVERSION ALLIANCE (SECA) SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL PROGRAM

Description: This report summarizes the work performed for April 2003--September 2003 reporting period under Cooperative Agreement DE-FC26-01NT41245 for the U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory (DOE/NETL) entitled ''Solid State Energy Conversion Alliance (SECA) Solid oxide Fuel Cell Program''. During this reporting period, the conceptual system design activity was completed. The system design, including strategies for startup, normal operation and shutdown, was defined. Sealant a… more
Date: October 1, 2003
Creator: Minh, Nguyen & Powers, Jim
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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In Situ Studies on the Catalytic and Electronic Properties of Multi-Dimensional Cathode

Description: The overall objective of this program was to provide the fundamental background to enable SECA Industrial Team Members to select and develop oxide cathodes for the operation of solid oxide fuel cells in the intermediate temperature (500-700 C). A number of experimental techniques were used to address the specific obstacles within the program. The work expanded our existing experimental techniques to the use of in situ diffraction and spectroscopic techniques that are sensitive to the oxygen and… more
Date: December 1, 2003
Creator: Anderson, Harlan U.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Frequency Selective Surfaces as Near Infrared Electro-Magnetic Filters for Thermophotovoltaic Spectral Control

Description: Frequency selective surfaces (FSS) effectively filter electromagnetic radiation in the microwave band (1mm to 100mm). Interest exists in extending this technology to the near infrared (1 {micro}m to 10 {micro}m) for use as a filter of thermal radiation in thermophotovoltaic (TPV) direct energy conversion. This paper assesses the ability of FSS to meet the strict spectral performance requirements of a TPV system. Inherent parasitic absorption, which is the result of the induced currents in the F… more
Date: December 1, 2003
Creator: Kristensen, Ryan T.; Beausang, John F. & DePoy, David M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Active Cathodes for Super-High Power Density Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Through Space Charge Effects

Description: This report summarizes the work done during the second quarter of the project. Effort is directed in two areas: (1) The use of a novel method to achieve a given porosity level with high contiguity and thus conductivity. (2) Relate the measured conductivity to porosity and contiguity. The rationale for these experiments was to develop cathodes with high ionic conductivity, so that the effective polarization resistance will be concomitantly lowered.
Date: October 11, 2003
Creator: Virkar, Anil V.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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METAL INTERCONNECTS FOR SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL POWER SYSTEMS

Description: Interconnect development is identified by the U.S. Department of Energy as a key technical area requiring focused research to meet the performance and cost goals under the Solid State Energy Conversion Alliance initiative. In the Phase I SECA Core Technology Program, Ceramatec investigated a commercial ferritic stainless steel composition for oxidation resistance properties by measuring the weight gain when exposed to air at the fuel cell operating temperature. A pre-treatment process that resu… more
Date: October 1, 2003
Creator: Elangovan, S.; Balagopal, S.; Timper, M.; Bay, I.; Larsen, D. & Hartvigsen, J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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LOW TEMPERATURE CATHODE SUPPORTED ELECTROLYTES

Description: This report represents a summary of the work carried out on this project which started October 1999 and ended March 2003. A list of the publications resulting from the work are contained in Appendix A. The most significant achievements are: (1) Dense nanocrystalline zirconia and ceria films were obtained at temperatures < 400 C. (2) Nanocrystalline films of both ceria and zirconia were characterized. (3) We showed that under anodic conditions 0.5 to 1 micron thick nanocrystalline films of Sc… more
Date: March 31, 2003
Creator: Anderson, Harlan U.; Dogan, Fatih & Petrovsky, Vladimir
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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10 kW SOFC POWER SYSTEM COMMERCIALIZATION

Description: The program is organized into three developmental periods. In Phase 1 the team will develop and demonstrate a proof-of-concept prototype design and develop a manufacturing plan to substantiate potential producibility at a target cost level of $800/kW factory manufacturing cost. Phase 2 will further develop the design and reduce the manufacturing cost to a level of $600 kW. Depending on an assessment of the maturity of the technology at the end of Phase 1, Phase 2 may be structured and supplemen… more
Date: August 1, 2003
Creator: Norrick, Dan; Palmer, Brad; Romine, Todd; Vesely, Charles; Barringer, Eric; DeBellis, Cris et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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