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open access

Prediction of epigenetically regulated genes in breast cancer cell lines

Description: Methylation of CpG islands within the DNA promoter regions is one mechanism that leads to aberrant gene expression in cancer. In particular, the abnormal methylation of CpG islands may silence associated genes. Therefore, using high-throughput microarrays to measure CpG island methylation will lead to better understanding of tumor pathobiology and progression, while revealing potentially new biomarkers. We have examined a recently developed high-throughput technology for measuring genome-wide m… more
Date: May 4, 2010
Creator: Loss, Leandro A; Sadanandam, Anguraj; Durinck, Steffen; Nautiyal, Shivani; Flaucher, Diane; Carlton, Victoria EH et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Aequorin as a bioluminescent indicator for use in the determination of biomolecules in single cells. Final technical report

Description: During this funding period, the laboratories of Drs. Anderson and Daunert have performed a considerable amount of work toward addressing the issues associated with small volume analysis necessary for single cell studies. In that respect, their research has been focused on (1) developing new assays that can be miniaturized and are suitable for small volume and single cell analysis; (2) fabricating pL-vials that simulate the volume of single cells and setting up instrumentation capable of low-vol… more
Date: February 17, 2000
Creator: Daunert, Sylvia
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The dynamics of carbon exchange in vertically stratified coastal bacterioplankton communities

Description: This research focuses on the development and application of novel molecular methods to measure bacterioplankton growth state in situ. These methods included bulk or population-based studies and single cell studies. Due to the limited duration of support and subsequent termination of the molecular-focused PIs, only the former bulk method was applied to marine samples. In addition, basic laboratory studies were completed which addressed why the selected biomarkers were regulated by bacterial grow… more
Date: July 1, 1998
Creator: Blum, P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Signature lipid biomarkers for in situ microbial biomass, community structure and nutritional status of deep subsurface microbiota in relation to geochemical gradients. Final technical report

Description: To obtain a better understanding of the microbial ecology of the deep subsurface, it was necessary to employ alternate techniques for the identification of microorganisms in situ. Classical microbiological techniques assay only those organisms which are culturable with bias occurring towards the media selected. Since culturable microorganisms typically represents only 0.1 to 10% of the extant microbiota, techniques for the direct assay of microorganisms in situ were needed. The analysis of cell… more
Date: February 1, 1998
Creator: White, D. C. & Ringelberg, D. B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Use of chromosome translocations for measuring prior environment exposures in humans

Description: Recent advances in cytogenetic methodology are beginning to have a major impact upon our ability to provide assessments of environmental exposure in humans. The advent of fluorescent-based techniques for `painting` whole chromosomes has made the analysis of chromosome translocations rapid, specific, sensitive and routine. Chromosome painting has been used to address a wide variety of scientific questions, resulting in an increased understanding of the biological consequences of adverse environm… more
Date: May 1, 1997
Creator: Tucker, J. D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

[A comprehensive signature biomarker analysis of the in-situ viable biomass, community composition, and nutritional status attributes of deep subsurface microbiota]. Final report

Description: The TAN sites contains subsurface sediment contaminated with trichloroethylene (TC). A suite of microbiological analyses, including ester-linked phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis, were performed to ascertain the microbial ecology associated with TCE degradation processes. The objective of the PLFA analyses were: (1) to determine the distribution of viable microbes throughout a vertical depth profile through the TCE plume, (2) determine the community composition of the viable extant microb… more
Date: September 1, 1998
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Flow cytometry: A powerful technology for measuring biomarkers

Description: A broad definition of a biomarker is that it is a measurable characteristic of a biological system that changes upon exposure to a physical or chemical insult. While the definition can be further refined, it is sufficient for the purposes of demonstrating the advantages of flow cytometry for making quantitative measurements of biomarkers. Flow cytometry and cell sorting technologies have emerged during the past 25 years to take their place alongside other essential tools used in biology such as… more
Date: September 1, 1994
Creator: Jett, J. H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Paleohydrologic investigations in the vicinity of Yucca Mountain: Late Quaternary paleobotanical and polynological records

Description: The primary objective of this research in the vicinity of the proposed Yucca Mountain Nuclear Waste Repository is the detection of episodes of increased runoff and groundwater discharge in this presently arid area. Ancient, inactive spring deposits in nearby valley bottoms (Haynes, 1967; Quade, 1986; Quade and Pratt, 1989), evidence for perennial water in presently dry canyons (Spaulding, 1992), and recent claims for extraordinary increases in precipitation during the last glacial age (Forester… more
Date: October 5, 1994
Creator: Spaulding, W. G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Early lung cancer detection project: Evaluation of 5, 10, 15, 20 tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) porphine (H{sub 2}TCPP). Final report

Description: The author evaluated a synthetic porphyrin, 5, 10, 15, 20 tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) porphene (H{sub 2}TCPP) as a marker of carcinogenesis. H{sub 2}TCPP was compared with two other carcinogenesis markers evaluated in the laboratory for their ability to detect exfoliated sputum cells undergoing transformation to lung cancer. In the present project the authors first established optimal conditions for cultured neoplastic and non-neoplastic (sputum) cells to take up H{sub 2}TCPP. This was accomplis… more
Date: October 1, 1998
Creator: Tockman, M.S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

[One-step PCR sequencing]. Final report, July 1, 1994--August 31, 1997

Description: The author explored the use of a novel class of boronated nucleic acids, the boranophosphates, as an alternative, but complementary method to dideoxysequencing. Boranophosphates can be used to directly amplify and sequence single- or double-stranded DNA. Fragments are derived not from truncations during polymerase synthesis, but from insertion and digestion back to a boronated marker or delimiter that was incorporated during exponential amplification. The method, which the author calls Boronate… more
Date: December 31, 1997
Creator: Shaw, B.R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Application of spectral hole burning to the study of in vitro cellular systems

Description: Chapter 1 of this thesis describes the various stages of tumor development and a multitude of diagnostic techniques used to detect cancer. Chapter 2 gives an overview of the aspects of hole burning spectroscopy important for its application to the study of cellular systems. Chapter 3 gives general descriptions of cellular organelles, structures, and physical properties that can serve as possible markers for the differentiation of normal and cancerous cells. Also described in Chapter 3 are the p… more
Date: November 8, 1999
Creator: Milanovich, Nebojsa
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Monochromosomal hybrids for the analysis of the human genome. Final technical report

Description: The objective of this research project is to produce panels of mouse/human and/or Chinese hamster/human hybrid cell lines each harboring a single different human chromosome. The human chromosome present in rodent cell will be marked with a dominant selectable marker and maintained by selection. In these experiments human chromosomes first ``tagged`` with a selectable marker in human cells are subsequently transferred to rodent cells by microcell fusion method. Several different experimental sch… more
Date: September 1, 1994
Creator: Athwal, R. S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Inflammatory bowel disease gene discovery. CRADA final report

Description: The ultimate goal of this project is to identify the human gene(s) responsible for the disorder known as IBD. The work was planned in two phases. The desired products resulting from Phase 1 were BAC clone(s) containing the genetic marker(s) identified by gene/Networks, Inc. as potentially linked to IBD, plasmid subclones of those BAC(s), and new genetic markers developed from these plasmid subclones. The newly developed markers would be genotyped by gene/Networks, Inc. to ascertain evidence for… more
Date: September 9, 1997
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Rapid, potentially automatable, method extract biomarkers for HPLC/ESI/MS/MS to detect and identify BW agents

Description: The program proposes to concentrate on the rapid recovery of signature biomarkers based on automated high-pressure, high-temperature solvent extraction (ASE) and/or supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) to produce lipids, nucleic acids and proteins sequentially concentrated and purified in minutes with yields especially from microeukaryotes, Gram-positive bacteria and spores. Lipids are extracted in higher proportions greater than classical one-phase, room temperature solvent extraction without … more
Date: December 1997
Creator: White, D. C.; Burkhalter, R. S.; Smith, C. & Whitaker, K. W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Microanalytical Methods for Bio-Forensics Investigations

Description: Forensics investigations of bio-crime or bio-terrorism incidents require careful analysis of collected evidentiary material. Although the biological markers in the evidentiary material are important (e.g. genomic signatures, protein markers), the elemental make-up of the organisms themselves and the surrounding non-biological material is extremely useful for attributing a specific process and, perhaps, specific persons to the production of the biological agent. This talk will describe the coord… more
Date: February 10, 2006
Creator: Brewer, L N; Weber, P K; Grant, R P; Ghosal, S & Michael, J R
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

An improved method for producing radiation hybrids applied to human chromosome 19. Technical progress report, 1 March 1993--28 February 1994

Description: Markers for which hybrids have been characterized have doubled from approximately 25 to 50 markers. Almost all new markers are microsatellite dinucleotide repeat markers. This will allow correlation of fragments of chromosome 19 in the hybrids with the genetic map. In situ hybridization is certainly one of the most direct methods of gene mapping in general and the most direct method to visualize the number of chromosome fragments in a hybrid. We have utilized fluorescent in situ hybridization (… more
Date: May 1, 1994
Creator: Jackson, C. L. & Mark, H. F. L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Chapter 27 -- Breast Cancer Genomics, Section VI, Pathology and Biological Markers of Invasive Breast Cancer

Description: Breast cancer is predominantly a disease of the genome with cancers arising and progressing through accumulation of aberrations that alter the genome - by changing DNA sequence, copy number, and structure in ways that that contribute to diverse aspects of cancer pathophysiology. Classic examples of genomic events that contribute to breast cancer pathophysiology include inherited mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53, and CHK2 that contribute to the initiation of breast cancer, amplification of ERBB2 … more
Date: June 18, 2009
Creator: Spellman, Paul T.; Heiser, Laura & Gray, Joe W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Tulane/Xavier Center for Bioenvironmental Research; project: hazardous materials in aquatic environments; subproject: biomarkers and risk assessment in Bayou Trepagnier, LA

Description: Tulane and Xavier Universities have singled out the environment as a major strategic focus for research and training for now and beyond the year 2000. the Tulane/Xavier Center for Bioenvironmental Research (CBR) was established in 1989 as the umbrella organization to coordinate environmental research at both universities. CBR projects funded by the DOE under the Hazardous Materials in Aquatic Environments grant are defining the following: (1) the complex interactions that occur during the trans… more
Date: December 31, 1996
Creator: Ide, C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Construction of genome-wide physical BAC contigs using mapped cDNA as probes: Toward an integrated BAC library resource for genome sequencing and analysis. Annual report, July 1995--January 1997

Description: The goal of human genome project is to characterize and sequence entire genomes of human and several model organisms, thus providing complete sets of information on the entire structure of transcribed, regulatory and other functional regions for these organisms. In the past years, a number of useful genetic and physical markers on human and mouse genomes have been made available along with the advent of BAC library resources for these organisms. The advances in technology and resource developme… more
Date: December 31, 1997
Creator: Mitchell, S.C.; Bocskai, D. & Cao, Y.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Medically relevant ElectroNeedle technology development.

Description: ElectroNeedles technology was developed as part of an earlier Grand Challenge effort on Bio-Micro Fuel Cell project. During this earlier work, the fabrication of the ElectroNeedles was accomplished along with proof-of-concept work on several electrochemically active analytes such as glucose, quinone and ferricyanide. Additionally, earlier work demonstrated technology potential in the field of immunosensors by specifically detecting Troponin, a cardiac biomarker. The current work focused upon fa… more
Date: November 1, 2008
Creator: Schmidt, Carrie Frances; Thomas, Michael Loren; McClain, Jaime L.; Harper, Jason C.; Achyuthan, Komandoor E. & Ten Eyck, Gregory A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Phase-sensitive flow cytometry: New technology for analyzing biochemical, functional, and structural features in fluorochrome- labeled cells/particles

Description: Flow cytometry (FCM) instruments rapidly measure biochemical, functional, and cytological properties of individual cells and macromolecular components, e.g., chromosomes, for clinical diagnostic medicine and biomedical and envirorunental research applications. These measurements are based on labeling cells with multiple fluorochromes for correlated analysis of macromolecules, such as DNA RNA, protein, and cell-surface receptors. This report describes the development of a phase-sensitive flow cy… more
Date: December 1, 1993
Creator: Steinkamp, J. A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

National Biomedical Tracer Facility: Project definition study

Description: The Los Alamos National Laboratory is an ideal institution and New Mexico is an ideal location for siting the National Biomedical Tracer Facility (NBTF). The essence of the Los Alamos proposal is the development of two complementary irradiation facilities that combined with our existing radiochemical processing hot cell facilities and waste handling and disposal facilities provide a low cost alternative to other proposals that seek to satisfy the objectives of the NBTF. We propose the construct… more
Date: May 31, 1995
Creator: Heaton, R.; Peterson, E. & Smith, P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Chromosome translocations measured by fluorescence in-situ hybridization: A promising biomarker

Description: A biomarker for exposure and risk assessment would be most useful if it employs an endpoint that is highly quantitative, is stable with time, and is relevant to human risk. Recent advances in chromosome staining using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) facilitate fast and reliable measurement of reciprocal translocations, a kind of DNA damage linked to both prior exposure and risk. In contrast to other biomarkers available, the frequency of reciprocal translocations in individuals expose… more
Date: October 1, 1995
Creator: Lucas, J.N. & Straume, T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Modeling human risk: Cell & molecular biology in context

Description: It is anticipated that early in the next century manned missions into outer space will occur, with a mission to Mars scheduled between 2015 and 2020. However, before such missions can be undertaken, a realistic estimation of the potential risks to the flight crews is required. One of the uncertainties remaining in this risk estimation is that posed by the effects of exposure to the radiation environment of outer space. Although the composition of this environment is fairly well understood, the … more
Date: June 1, 1997
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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