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Some aspects of the computer simulation of conduction heat transfer and phase change processes

Description: Various aspects of phase change processes in materials are discussd including computer modeling, validation of results and sensitivity. In addition, the possible incorporation of cognitive activities in computational heat transfer is examined.
Date: April 1, 1982
Creator: Solomon, A. D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Off-Peak Electric Auxiliary Heat for Solar Air-Heating Systems. Final Report, June 1, 1977-December 31, 1978

Description: The performance of various solar auxiliary heating system options is examined by means of computer simulation. Systems which utilize off-peak electrical energy, which is stored in a thermal reservoir for use during the on-peak period, are examined. A storage reservoir which is separate from the solar reservoir is found to be preferable. Performance is generally not found to be sensitive to the time at which off-peak energy is available. Control schemes that predict energy requirements for a for… more
Date: January 1, 1979
Creator: Jones, T. B. & Wilbur, P. J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Encapsulation of phase change materials in concrete masonry construction. Progress report No. 3, June 1978-September 1978. Final report

Description: Work performed at Brookhaven National Laboratory on Union Carbide Nuclear Division, ORNL contract number 19Y-14279V, Encapsulation of Phase Change Materials (PCM) in Concrete Masonry Construction, is summarized. Due to program termination, the report also constitutes the final report of the program. Thermal analysis of the system Na/sub 2/CO/sub 3/.10H/sub 2/O has shown that after separation upon melting, the heat of fusion is considerably higher than Na/sub 2/SO/sub 4/.10H/sub 2/O. The system … more
Date: January 1, 1978
Creator: Sansone, M J
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Experimental test of gas heat transfer system for hydroxide heat storage

Description: In the development of a heat storage system based on inorganic hydroxide--oxide chemical transitions, the method of transferring heat into and out of the hydroxide storage material is of prime importance. This report presents the results of a series of tests using circulating gas as a means of heat transfer. On the basis of these results, it is concluded that circulating gas is a technically feasible concept, using steam as heat transfer fluid and using the chemical in the form of a fixed bed o… more
Date: October 29, 1976
Creator: Ervin, G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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A field study of the effects of inhomogeneities of surface sensible and latent heat fluxes

Description: In recent years, the problem of characterizing turbulent fluxes of heat, momentum, and moisture over inhomogeneous surfaces has received increasing attention. This issue is relevant to the performance of general circulation models (GCMs), in which a single grid element can encompass a variety of surface and topographical features. Although considerable progress has been made in describing the energy balance at a surface partially covered by vegetation, less is known about how to treat adjacent … more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Doran, J. C.; Barnes, F. J.; Coulter, R. L. & Crawford, T. L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Central unresolved issues in thermal energy storage for building heating and cooling

Description: This document explores the frontier of the rapidly expanding field of thermal energy storage, investigates unresolved issues, outlines research aimed at finding solutions, and suggests avenues meriting future research. Issues related to applications include value-based ranking of storage concepts, temperature constraints, consistency of assumptions, nomenclature and taxonomy, and screening criteria for materials. Issues related to technologies include assessing seasonal storage concepts, diurna… more
Date: July 1, 1980
Creator: Swet, C.J. & Baylin, F.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Preliminary requirements for thermal storage subsystems in solar thermal applications

Description: Methodologies for the analysis of value and comparing thermal storage concepts are presented. Value is a measure of worth and is determined by the cost of conventional fuel systems. Value data for thermal storage in large solar thermal electric power applications are presented. Thermal storage concepts must be compared when all are performing the same mission. A method for doing that analysis, called the ranking index, is derived. Necessary data to use the methodology are included.
Date: April 1, 1980
Creator: Copeland, R.J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Experimental Study of the Storage of Thermal Energy in Confined Aquifers. Final Report, July 1, 1977-December 31, 1979

Description: To aid in testing the idea of storing thermal energy in aquifers, a two cycle experiment was performed by Auburn University in which heated water was stored in a confined aquifer and then recovered. During the first cycle, 54,784 m/sup 3/ of water were pumped from a shallow supply aquifer, heated to an average temperature of 55/sup 0/C, and injected into a deeper confined aquifer where the ambient temperature was 20/sup 0/C. After a storage period of 51 days, 55,345 m/sup 3/ of water were produ… more
Date: May 1, 1980
Creator: Molz, F. J.; Parr, A. D. & Andersen, P. F.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Analysis of community solar systems for combined space and domestic hot water heating using annual cycle thermal energy storage

Description: A simplified design procedure is examined for estimating the storage capacity and collector area for annual-cycle-storage, community solar heating systems in which 100% of the annual space heating energy demand is provided from the solar source for the typical meteorological year. Hourly computer simulations of the performance of these systems were carried out for 10 cities in the United States for 3 different building types and 4 community sizes. These permitted the use of design values for ev… more
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Hooper, F.C.; McClenahan, J.D.; Cook, J.D.; Baylin, F.; Monte, R. & Sillman, S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Regional assessment of aquifers for thermal-energy storage. Volume 2. Regions 7 through 12

Description: This volume contains information on the geologic and hydrologic framework, major aquifers, aquifers which are suitable and unsuitable for annual thermal energy storage (ATES) and the ATES potential of the following regions of the US: Unglaciated Central Region; Glaciated Appalachians, Unglaciated Appalachians; Coastal Plain; Hawaii; and Alaska. (LCL)
Date: June 1, 1981
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Guidelines for conceptual design and evaluation of aquifer thermal energy storage

Description: Guidelines are presented for use as a tool by those considering application of a new technology, aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES). The guidelines will assist utilities, municipalities, industries, and other entities in the conceptual design and evaluation of systems employing ATES. The potential benefits of ATES are described, an overview is presented of the technology and its applications, and rules of thumb are provided for quickly judging whether a proposed project has sufficient promis… more
Date: October 1, 1980
Creator: Meyer, C.F. & Hauz, W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Investigation of methods to transfer heat from solar liquid-heating collectors to heat storage tanks

Description: A number of possible solutions to the problems of corrosion and freezing in flat-plate collectors are listed and discussed briefly. Specific considerations involved in the choice and definition of these solutions are discussed in greater detail. (MHR)
Date: January 1, 1976
Creator: de Winter, F.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Transmission of energy by open-loop chemical energy pipeline

Description: The primary objective of this program is to evaluate the technical feasibility and, in a preliminary fashion, the economic viability of transmitting and storing energy by an open-loop modification of the reversible chemical energy pipeline system known as EVA/ADAM. The work designed to achieve this objective includes: (1) the preliminary design of a nuclear (HTGR) and methane-based open-loop system; (2) evaluation of energy sources as alternatives to those in the preliminary design (e.g., coal … more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Baker, N R
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Life and stability testing of packaged low-cost energy storage materials

Description: A low-cost laminated plastic film which is used to contain a Glauber's salt-based phase change thermal energy storage material in sausage-like containers called Chubs is discussed. The results of tests performed on the Chub packages themselves and on the thermal energy storage capacity of the packaged phase change material are described. From the test results, a set of specifications have been drawn up for a film material which will satisfactorily contain the phase change material under anticip… more
Date: July 1, 1980
Creator: Frysinger, G.R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Sensitivity analysis of a community solar system using annual cycle thermal energy storage

Description: The objective of this research is to assess the sensitivity of design parameters for a community solar heating system having annual thermal energy storage to factors including climate, building type, community size, and collector type and inclination. The system under consideration uses a large, water-filled, concrete-constructed tank for providing space heating, and domestic hot water (DHW). Collector field area and storage volume have been sized for 440 community designs in 10 geographic loca… more
Date: November 1, 1979
Creator: Baylin, F.; Monte, R. & Sillman, S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Thermochemical energy storage and transport

Description: Feasibility studies of thermochemical energy storage and transport (TEST) are described. Cases studied include a large central receiver heat utility and a small industrial process heat application with distributed parabolic dish solar collectors. TEST does not appear to be generally cost-effective; however, there are special cases of cost-effectiveness. The overall recommendation is that research on thermochemical processes should emphasize the manufacture of renewable fuels using solar energy … more
Date: August 1, 1982
Creator: Nix, R.G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Advanced research in solar-energy storage

Description: The Solar Energy Storage Program at the Solar Energy Research Institute is reviewed. The program provides research, systems analyses, and economic assessments of thermal and thermochemical energy storage and transport. Current activities include experimental research into very high temperature (above 800/sup 0/C) thermal energy storage and assessment of novel thermochemical energy storage and transport systems. The applications for such high-temperature storage are thermochemical processes, sol… more
Date: January 1, 1983
Creator: Luft, W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Development of a practical photochemical energy storage system. Quarterly report. [Interconversion between norbornadiene and quadricyclene for thermochemical heat storage]

Description: Research on polymer organic sensitizers and polymer inorganic sensitizers for the conversion of norbornadiene to quadricyclene for thermochemical storage of solar heat is described. Also, research on the catalysis of the conversion of quadricyclane to norbornadiene is described. Polymer-anchored cobalt(II) porphyrin catalysts, polymer-anchored palladium(II) phosphine catalysts, and triphenylcyclopropenyl nickel complexes as catalysts were studied, and results are discussed. (WHK)
Date: March 15, 1977
Creator: Hautala, R. R. & Kutal, C. R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Annual collection and storage of solar energy for the heating of buildings. Report No. 2. Annual progress report, May 1976--July 1977

Description: A new system for year-round collection and storage of solar heated water for heating of buildings has been designed and constructed at the University of Virginia. The system is composed of an energy storage sub-system which stores hot water in an underground pool and of a solar collector sub-system which acts not only to collect solar energy throughout the year but also to limit the evaporative and convective heat losses from the storage system. The annual collection and storage system began op… more
Date: July 1, 1977
Creator: Beard, J. T.; Iachetta, F. A.; Lilleleht, L. U. & Dickey, J. W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Seasonal-Storage Solar-Energy Heating System for the Charlestown, Boston Navy Yard National Historic Park

Description: This Phase II study provides further analysis for a seasonal-storage solar-heating system utilizing two existing underground, concrete tanks in the National Historic Park of the Charlestown Navy Yard in Boston. The initial Phase I study was reported in ANL-82-90. The new results focus on the effect of including a heat pump in the system to extend the useful heat-storage capacity of the tanks. The analysis was performed with MINSUN Version III, a computer simulation model written particularly fo… more
Date: June 1983
Creator: Breger, Dwayne & Michaels, Allan I.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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A Solar District-Heating System Using Seasonal Storage for the Charlestown, Boston Navy Yard Redevelopment Project

Description: A preliminary analysis is presented for a seasonal storage solar heating system for the Charlestown Navy Yard in Boston, Massachusetts. The area occupies a prominent location in the Boston Harbor and is being redeveloped for residential and commercial use. The system makes use of two large, buried concrete storage tanks totaling 5700 cubic meters as a water heat store. Other storage facilities, including a dry dock, offer additional solar opportunities for the navy Yard as the redevelopment pro… more
Date: September 1982
Creator: Breger, Dwayne
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Microwave impregnation of porous materials with thermal energy storage materials

Description: A method for impregnating a porous, non-metallic construction material with a solid phase-change material is described. The phase-change material in finely divided form is spread onto the surface of the porous material, after which the porous material is exposed to microwave energy for a time sufficient to melt the phase-change material. The melted material is spontaneously absorbed into the pores of the porous material. A sealing chemical may also be included with the phase-change material (or… more
Date: December 31, 1992
Creator: Benson, D. K. & Burrows, R. W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Design considerations for concentrating solar power tower systems employing molten salt.

Description: The Solar Two Project was a United States Department of Energy sponsored project operated from 1996 to 1999 to demonstrate the coupling of a solar power tower with a molten nitrate salt as a heat transfer media and for thermal storage. Over all, the Solar Two Project was very successful; however many operational challenges were encountered. In this work, the major problems encountered in operation of the Solar Two facility were evaluated and alternative technologies identified for use in a futu… more
Date: September 1, 2010
Creator: Moore, Robert Charles; Siegel, Nathan Phillip; Kolb, Gregory J.; Vernon, Milton E. & Ho, Clifford Kuofei
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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