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in subjects: "700205 -- Fusion Power Plant Technology-- Fuel, Heating, & Injection Systems"

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Status of greater than or equal to 1 ampere H/sup -/ ion source development at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory

This paper summarizes the effort to improve the operation of the approx. 1 A surface-production H/sup -/ ion source developed by K.W. Ehlers and K.N. Leung. The plasma chamber consists of a large magnetic bucket of oval cross section. A concave cylindrical converter surface is suspended in the plasma chamber to direct any surface-produced negative ions through the exit aperture. The ion source has been mated to a tetrode accelerator for the proof-of-principle tests. Most of the problems discove… more

Date: November 1, 1983

Creator: Lietzke, A. F.; Ehlers, K. W. & Leung, K. N.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Production of low energy positive ions suitable for double electron capture systems

Single aperture beam extraction studies have been made of a new technique to produce low divergence beams of about 0.4/sup 0/ HWHM at about 15 keV to 40 keV. Computer calculations show that this technique of coating the plasma side of the plasma grid with about 0.01'' of Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ can also be extended to the 0.5 keV to 5 keV range with beam optics less than 1/sup 0/. Source performance including results from multiaperture source operation will be discussed.

Date: January 1, 1977

Creator: Whealton, J H; Tsai, C C; Grisham, L R & Stirling, W L

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Compact 80-keV neutral-beam module

A compact and maintainable source of 80-keV neutral beams that focus to a high power density is required for the Mirror Fusion Test Facility (MFTF). In the new source being designed and built to meet these requirements, the cross-sectional area is reduced in two ways: by immersing the source in a vacuum where high voltage can be held over smaller distances and by redesigning grid supporting structures. Reliability is increased by reducing the electric fields everywhere else below those present … more

Date: September 29, 1977

Creator: Molvik, A. W.; Baird, E. D.; Berkner, K. H.; Cooper, W. S.; Duffy, T. J.; Ehlers, K. W. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Neutral beam development at the Lawrence Berkeley and Lawrence Livermore Laboratories

The Lawrence Berkeley and Livermore Laboratories Neutral Beam Development Group's work proceeds along two lines. The first is required for the near-term applications (e.g., MFTF, TFTR, and DIII), which require injection at energies up to 120 keV, ion currents per module up to 80 A, and pulse lengths greater than or equal to 0.5 s. These systems are based on the acceleration and neutralization of positive ions. The second part of the program is devoted to development for longer-term applications… more

Date: June 1, 1980

Creator: Pyle, R.V.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Compact microwave ion source

A small microwave ion source has been fabricated from a quartz tube with one end enclosed by a two grid accelerator. The source is also enclosed by a cavity operated at a frequency of 2.45 GHz. Microwave power as high as 500 W can be coupled to the source plasma. The source has been operated with and without multicusp fields for different gases. In the case of hydrogen, ion current density of 200 mA/cm/sup -2/ with atomic ion species concentration as high as 80% has been extracted from the sour… more

Date: May 1, 1985

Creator: Leung, K. N.; Walther, S. & Owren, H. W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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The JET (Joint European Torus) multipellet launcher and fueling of JET plasmas by multipellet injection

A new multipellet long-pulse plasma fueling system is in operation on JET. In the initial experimental phase, a variety of plasma density profile shapes have been produced with peak to average values ranging up to 2.5 and peak plasma density up to 1.2 )times) 10/sup 20/m/sup )minus/3). 7 refs., 4 figs

Date: January 1, 1988

Creator: Milora, S. L.; Schmidt, G. L.; Jernigan, T. C.; Baylor, L. R.; Combs, S. K.; Houlberg, W. A. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Long-life cathode for the Berkeley-type ion source

Preliminary experiments indicate that a hollow cathode, made from impregnated tungsten emitters, can be adapted for the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL)/Lawrence Livermore Laboratory (LLL) ion source. Such cathodes could be the basis of a long life, continuously operated positive-ion source.

Date: October 20, 1977

Creator: Fink, J.H. & Biagi, L.A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Construction of the facility for the testing of the TFTR Neutral Beam Injector

The prototype for the TFTR Neutral Beam Injection System has been assembled at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboraory, and is presently under test. Some of the construction features of the shielding enclosure, the cryogenic supply system, control and computer area, and the auxiliary vacuum and utility supply system are described. In addition, the paper describes the target chamber, its beam dump and cryopanels, and the duct that connects the target chamber to the injector vessel. (MOW)

Date: November 1, 1979

Creator: Haughian, J.; Lou, K. & Roth, D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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The tritium systems test assembly: Overview and recent results

The fusion technology development program for tritium in the US is centered around the Tritium Systems Test Assembly (TSTA) at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The TSTA is a full-scale system of reactor exhaust gas reprocessing for an ITER-sized machine. That is, TSTA has the capacity to process tritium in a closed loop mode at the rate of 1 kg per day, requiring a tritium inventory of about 100 g. The TSTA program also interacts with all other tritium-related fusion technology programs in the U… more

Date: January 1, 1988

Creator: Bartlit, J.R. & Anderson, J.L.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Experimental observations on long pulse intense ion diode operation

An experiment in which a long pulse electron beam diode is converted to a reflex ion diode is reported. The results further substantiate the model of reflex ion diode behavior as well as extend the duration of ion mode operation to greater than 500 nsec.

Date: July 7, 1976

Creator: Prono, D. S.; Clark, R. & Prestwich, K.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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TFTR neutral beam systems conceptual design

The functions, design requirements, and design descriptions of the injection system are described. Cost summaries are given for each system and subsystem. The costs presented are for: materials procurement; and shipping, assembly, and installation at the Princeton site. (MOW)

Date: March 1, 1976

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Multi-megawatt neutral beams for MFTF-B

Multi-megawatt neutral-beam sources have successfully made the transition from prototype to commercial production, with some operational improvements due to the commercialization. Long pulse source operation results will be available soon.

Date: November 8, 1982

Creator: Kerr, R. G.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Negative ions as a source of low energy neutral beams

Little consideration has been given to the impact of recent developments in negative ion source technology on the design of low energy neutral beam injectors. However, negative ion sources of improved operating efficiency, higher gas efficiency, and smaller beam divergence will lead to neutral deuterium injectors, operating at less than 100 keV, with better operating efficiencies and more compact layouts than can be obtained from positive ion systems.

Date: January 1, 1980

Creator: Fink, J.H.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Another look at photodetachment of negative deuterium ions in neutral beam injectors

Photodetachment is more desirable than other types of neutralizers of negative deuterium ions because it is cleaner, produces no gas or vapor, selectively detaches D/sup -/ and not heavy impurities, and may be more efficient. However, good overall efficiency in comparison with the alternatives is attainable only under the appropriate conditions of ion beam current density and thickness and with sufficient efficiencies of the laser and of the mirrors of the optical cavity. Analysis of these cond… more

Date: September 29, 1980

Creator: Fink, J.H. & Hamilton, G.W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Production of glass balloons for laser targets

An apparatus for producing small quantities of glass balloons for use as laser fusion targets is described. To produce precise quantities of the ingredients of one glass balloon, a jet of an aqueous solution of the glass constituents and a blowing agent is metered into uniformly sized drops by Rayleigh breakup. A small fraction of these uniform drops is then passed through an oven where the water is evaporated, the remaining solid material is fused into glass, and the blowing agent decomposes t… more

Date: October 21, 1976

Creator: Hendricks, C. D. & Dressler, J. L.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Space charge equation calculations for the reflex triode

The Poisson equation solution of the space charge problem for the reflex triode is reviewed and illustrated with a number of examples. The numerical calculation technique for obtaining these results is briefly described. The results show that the characteristics of the triode are strong functions of the reflex-electron kinetic-energy spectrum, especially of the high-energy electrons.

Date: September 1, 1976

Creator: Shearer, J. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Isotopic enrichment of fuels for D-T fusion reactors

Isotopic enrichment scenarios using cryogenic distillation were developed for a near-term D-T burning fusion-reactor design (ETF) as well as for a commercial fusion-reactor design (STARFIRE). The analytical results of studies of spent-fuel reprocessing for ETF show that isotopic enrichment can be carried out to meet fuel-purity requirements by a system consisting of a 5-column distillation cascade and two chemical equilibrators. For STARFIRE, the analytical results show that, for a fixed number… more

Date: January 1, 1981

Creator: Misra, B.; Clemmer, R. G. & Finn, P. A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Railgun accelerators for launching 0. 1-g payloads at velocities greater than 150 km/s

The promise of an abundant energy supply has inspired many approaches to controlling thermal nuclear fusion. One approach to initiating fusion is to use a hypervelocity projectile to impact a deuterium--tritium (DT) pellet. For this purpose, magnetic accelerators have been propsed for accelerating macroparticles to velocities greater than 100 km/s. This paper summarizes a portion of a study that assesses the feasibility of accelerating a 0.1-g payload to a velocity of 150 km/s or more. In that … more

Date: June 15, 1979

Creator: Hawke, R. S.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Volume production of negative ions in the reflex-type ion source

The production of negative hydrogen ions is investigated in the reflex-type negative ion source. The extracted negative hydrogen currents of 9.7 mA (100 mA/cm/sup 2/) for H/sup -/ and of 4.1 mA(42 mA/cm/sup 2/) for D/sup -/ are obtained continuously. The impurity is less than 1%. An isotope effect of negative ion production is observed.

Date: June 1, 1982

Creator: Jimbo, K.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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ORNL 150 keV neutral beam test facility

The 150 keV neutral beam test facility provides for the testing and development of neutral beam injectors and beam systems of the class that will be needed for the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) and The Next Step (TNS). The test facility can simulate a complete beam line injection system and can provide a wide range of experimental operating conditions. Herein is offered a general description of the facility's capabilities and a discussion of present system performance.

Date: January 1, 1977

Creator: Gardner, W.L.; Kim, J.; Menon, M.M. & Schilling, G.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Single column and two-column H-D-T distillation experiments at TSTA

Cryogenic distillation experiments were peformed at TSTA with H-D-T system by using a single column and a two-column cascade. In the single column experiment, fundamental engineering data such as the liquid holdup and the HETP were measured under a variety of operational condtions. The liquid holdup in the packed section was about 10 )approximately) 15% of its superficial volume. The HETP values were from 4 to 6 cm, and increased slightly with the vapor velocity. The reflux ratio had no effect … more

Date: January 1, 1988

Creator: Yamanishi, T.; Yoshida, H.; Hirata, S.; Naito, T.; Naruse, Y.; Sherman, R.H. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Neutral-beam system based on BNL negative-hydrogen-ion sources

Parameters of the conceptual design of the BNL neutral beam system were determined as follows: beam energy, 200 keV; negative ion current, 10A; neutral beam power, 1 MW; pulse length, multisecond to steady state. The completed system study, supported by successful ion source operation at the required level, will serve to evaluate and compare different approaches in the design of a negative ion based system and, eventually, lead to the design and construction of an operational system.

Date: January 1, 1982

Creator: Prelec, K.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Design philosophy and use of high voltage power systems for multi-megawatt ion beam accelerators

The requirements for a neutral beam high voltage power system are derived from the characteristics of the ion source. High voltage system component characteristic requirements and choices are described. (MHR)

Date: January 1, 1977

Creator: Barber, G. C.; Broverman, A. Y.; Hill, R. E.; Loring, C. M. & Ponte, N. S.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Infrared monitoring of gyrotron windows

A technique for monitoring the gyrotron output window surface temperature with an infrared camera while the gyrotron is in operation has been developed. The IR camera views the window through a perforated waveguide wall, and serves both as a guide for the safe operation at high average power of the tube, as well as an aid in the analysis of new window designs. Window temperatures were studied as a function of a number of parameters, including gun anode voltage, beam current, magnetic field, coo… more

Date: January 1, 1983

Creator: Huey, H.; Lopez, N.; Hu, G.; Choi, E. & Mundie, L.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department