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Developing Human Performance Measures

Description: Through the reactor oversight process (ROP), the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) monitors the performance of utilities licensed to operate nuclear power plants. The process is designed to assure public health and safety by providing reasonable assurance that licensees are meeting the cornerstones of safety and designated crosscutting elements. The reactor inspection program, together with performance indicators (PIs), and enforcement activities form the basis for the NRC’s risk-informe… more
Date: May 1, 2006
Creator: Joe, Jeffrey; Hallbert, Bruce; Blackwood, Larry; Dudehoeffer, Donald & Hansen, Kent
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Human Reliability Analysis in the U.S. Nuclear Power Industry: A Comparison of Atomistic and Holistic Methods

Description: A variety of methods have been developed to generate human error probabilities for use in the US nuclear power industry. When actual operations data are not available, it is necessary for an analyst to estimate these probabilities. Most approaches, including THERP, ASEP, SLIM-MAUD, and SPAR-H, feature an atomistic approach to characterizing and estimating error. The atomistic approach is based on the notion that events and their causes can be decomposed and individually quantified. In contrast,… more
Date: September 1, 2005
Creator: Boring, Ronald L.; Gertman, David I.; Joe, Jeffrey C. & Marble, Julie L.
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Lessons learned from the introduction of cockpit automation in advanced technology aircraft

Description: The commercial aviation industry has many years of experience in the application of computer based human support systems, for example the flight management systems installed in today`s advanced technology (``glass cockpit``) aircraft. This experience can be very helpful in the design and implementation of similar systems for nuclear power plants. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) sponsored a study at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) to investigate pilot er… more
Date: October 1, 1995
Creator: Nelson, W. R.; Byers, J. C.; Haney, L. N.; Ostrom, L. T. & Reece, W. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Emerging human-computer interface (HCI) design guidelines for graphical user interface (GUI)

Description: The requirement to establish baseline style references for Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) is recognized. The ability to obtain consensus among user communities has been limited to nonexistent. The authors are part of a team that has developed a generic baseline human-computer interface (HCI) style guide for the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). The DoD HCI Style Guide has its origin in a style guide developed by the intelligence community and in human factors design guidelines developed for A… more
Date: October 1, 1993
Creator: Bowser, S. E. & Adams, S. M.
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The confluence of ancient wisdom and future technology in our profession

Description: The theme of this year`s Annual Meeting is ``Ancient Wisdom-Future Technology.`` The panel assembled for this session has been asked to think metaphorically about the theme and how it relates to their profession of human factors and ergonomics. Originally conceived as a debate centering around the older technologies and research techniques versus the newer ways of finding answers, it was soon realized that there was no dichotomy, but more of a synergy between the old and the new. If human facto… more
Date: October 1, 1997
Creator: Miller, D.P.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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FAULT DIAGNOSIS WITH MULTI-STATE ALARMS IN A NUCLEAR POWER CONTROL SIMULATOR

Description: This research addresses how alarm systems can increase operator performance within nuclear power plant operations. The experiment examined the effect of two types of alarm systems (two-state and three-state alarms) on alarm compliance and diagnosis for two types of faults differing in complexity. We hypothesized three-state alarms would improve performance in alarm recognition and fault diagnoses over that of two-state alarms. We used sensitivity and criterion based on Signal Detection Theory t… more
Date: October 1, 2012
Creator: Ragsdale, Austin; Lew, Roger; Dyre, Brian P. & Boring, Ronald L.
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Updating Human Factors Engineering Guidelines for Conducting Safety Reviews of Nuclear Power Plants

Description: The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) reviews the human factors engineering (HFE) programs of applicants for nuclear power plant construction permits, operating licenses, standard design certifications, and combined operating licenses. The purpose of these safety reviews is to help ensure that personnel performance and reliability are appropriately supported. Detailed design review procedures and guidance for the evaluations is provided in three key documents: the Standard Review Plan (N… more
Date: September 19, 2011
Creator: O, J.M.; Higgins, J. & NRC, Stephen Fleger -
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Review of Methods Related to Assessing Human Performance in Nuclear Power Plant Control Room Simulations

Description: With the increased use of digital systems in Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) control rooms comes a need to thoroughly understand the human performance issues associated with digital systems. A common way to evaluate human performance is to test operators and crews in NPP control room simulators. However, it is often challenging to characterize human performance in meaningful ways when measuring performance in NPP control room simulations. A review of the literature in NPP simulator studies reveals a … more
Date: November 1, 2001
Creator: Blanc, Katya L Le; Boring, Ronald L & Gertman, David I
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Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Organizational factors and nuclear power plant safety

Description: There are many organizations in our society that depend on human performance to avoid incidents involving significant adverse consequences. As our culture and technology have become more sophisticated, the management of risk on a broad basis has become more and more critical. The safe operation of military facilities, chemical plants, airlines, and mass transit, to name a few, are substantially dependent on the performance of the organizations that operate those facilities. The nuclear power in… more
Date: December 31, 1995
Creator: Haber, S. B.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Integrated design environment for human performance and human reliability analysis

Description: Work over the last few years at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) has included a major focus on applying human performance and human reliability knowledge and methods as an integral element of system design and development. This work has been pursued in programs in a wide variety of technical domains, beginning with nuclear power plant operations. Since the mid-1980`s the laboratory has transferred the methods and tools developed in the nuclear domain to milita… more
Date: May 1, 1997
Creator: Nelson, W. R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Human factors in high consequence manufacturing systems

Description: A high consequence system is often defined as one in which the potential exists for severe or catastrophic accidents. Familiar examples include nuclear power plants, airline and other mass transportation, dams and reservoirs, and large-scale food processing. Many manufacturing systems also qualify as high consequence systems. Much of the authors` experience with high consequence systems derives from work associated with the surveillance and dismantlement of nuclear weapons for the US Department… more
Date: November 1, 1997
Creator: Forsythe, C. & Grose, E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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FRAMEWORK AND APPLICATION FOR MODELING CONTROL ROOM CREW PERFORMANCE AT NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS

Description: This paper summarizes an emerging project regarding the utilization of high-fidelity MIDAS simulations for visualizing and modeling control room crew performance at nuclear power plants. The key envisioned uses for MIDAS-based control room simulations are: (i) the estimation of human error associated with advanced control room equipment and configurations, (ii) the investigative determination of contributory cognitive factors for risk significant scenarios involving control room operating crews… more
Date: September 1, 2008
Creator: Boring, Ronald L; Gertman, David I; Tran, Tuan Q & Gore, Brian F
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Savannah River Site Human Error Data Base Development for Nonreactor Nuclear Facilities

Description: As part of an overall effort to upgrade and streamline methodologies for safety analyses of nonreactor nuclear facilities at the Savannah River Site (SRS), a human error data base has been developed and is presented in this report. The data base fulfills several needs of risk analysts supporting safety analysis report (SAR) development. First, it provides a single source for probabilities or rates for a wide variety of human errors associated with the SRS nonreactor nuclear facilities. Second, … more
Date: February 28, 1994
Creator: Benhardt, H. C.; Held, J. E.; Olsen, L. M.; Vail, R. E. & Eide, S. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Contributions to Human Errors and Breaches in National Security Applications.

Description: Los Alamos National Laboratory has recognized that security infractions are often the consequence of various types of human errors (e.g., mistakes, lapses, slips) and/or breaches (i.e., deliberate deviations from policies or required procedures with no intention to bring about an adverse security consequence) and therefore has established an error reduction program based in part on the techniques used to mitigate hazard and accident potentials. One cornerstone of this program, definition of the… more
Date: January 1, 2002
Creator: Pond, D. J. (Daniel J.); Houghton, F. K. (Florence Kay) & Gilmore, W. E. (Walter E.)
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Human Reliability Analysis for In-Tank Precipitation Alignment and Startup of Emergency Purge Ventilation Equipment. Revision 3

Description: This report documents the methodology used for calculating the human error probability for establishing air based ventilation using emergency purge ventilation equipment on In-Tank Precipitation (ITP) processing tanks 48 and 49 after failure of the nitrogen purge system following a seismic event. The analyses were performed according to THERP (Technique for Human Error Rate Prediction) as described in NUREG/CR-1278-F, ``Handbook of Human Reliability Analysis with Emphasis on Nuclear Power Plant… more
Date: October 1, 1994
Creator: Shapiro, B. J. & Britt, T. E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Ready, set...go!

Description: The objectives of this paper are: (1) Discuss organizational readiness for changes in an ergonomics program or intervention; (2) Assessing organizational readiness; (3) Benefits and challenges of change; and (4) Case studies of ergonomic programs that were 'not ready' and 'ready'.
Date: June 16, 2010
Creator: Alexandre, Melanie
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Human Factors Issues For Multi-Modular Reactor Units

Description: Smaller and multi-modular reactor (MMR) will be highly technologically-advanced systems allowing more system flexibility to reactors configurations (e.g., addition/deletion of reactor units). While the technical and financial advantages of systems may be numerous, MMR presents many human factors challenges that may pose vulnerability to plant safety. An important human factors challenge in MMR operation and performance is the monitoring of data from multiple plants from centralized control room… more
Date: August 1, 2007
Creator: Tran, Tuan Q; Garcia, Humberto E.; Boring, Ronald L.; Joe, Jeffrey C. & Hallbert, Bruce P.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Reviewing the impact of advanced control room technology

Description: Progress to date on assessing the nature of the expected changes in human performance and risk associated with the introduction of digital control, instrumentation, and display systems is presented. Expected changes include the shift toward more supervisory tasks, development of intervention strategies, and reallocation of function between human and machine. Results are reported in terms of the scope of new technology, human performance issues, and crews experience with digital control systems … more
Date: August 1, 1992
Creator: Wilhelmsen, C. A.; Gertman, D. I.; Ostrom, L. T.; Nelson, W. R.; Galyean, W. J. & Byers, J. C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Applying Human Factors during the SIS Life Cycle

Description: Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS) are widely used in U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) nonreactor nuclear facilities for safety-critical applications. Although use of the SIS technology and computer-based digital controls, can improve performance and safety, it potentially introduces additional complexities, such as failure modes that are not readily detectable. Either automated actions or manual (operator) actions may be required to complete the safety instrumented function to place the proces… more
Date: May 5, 2010
Creator: Avery, K.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Lessons learned from occurrences involving procedures at Los Alamos National Laboratory in 1994

Description: This study used the Department of Energy (DOE) Occurrence Reporting and Processing System (ORPS) data to investigate occurrences reported during one year at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). ORPS provides a centralized database and computerized support for the Collection, distribution, updating, analysis, and validation of information in occurrence reports about abnormal events related to facility operation. Human factors causes for occurrences are not always defined in ORPS. Content analy… more
Date: July 1, 1995
Creator: Frostenson, C.K.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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