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in subjects: "Denitrification"

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Rate enhancement for catalytic upgrading coal naphthas. Quarterly report for period ending March 1994

The hydrotreatment of naphtha derived from the Illinois No. 6 coal has been carried out over supported transition metal sulfide catalysts (Row 2 and 3). Ruthenium sulfide is the most active catalyst for both HDS and HDN and is much more active than supported molbdenum sulfide catalyst. A supported Ruthenium (5.1 wt.%) sulfide catalyst is more active than commercial Ni-Mo and Co-Mo catalysts for HDN and as active for HDS.

Date: July 1, 1994

Creator: Davis, B. H.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Biological upgrading of coal liquids. Quarterly report, October--December 31, 1992

Culture screening and performance studies were performed with a variety of cultures in removing nitrogen compounds from coal liquid. Two cultures were shown to be effective in removing 17 and 26 percent of the nitrogen in coal liquid as determined by elemental analysis. Experiments will continue in an effort to find additional cultures and isolates able to degrade nitrogen, as well as oxygen and sulfur as heteroatom compounds, from coal liquids. A biological process for upgrading of coal liquid… more

Date: December 31, 1992

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Pressurized Fluidized-bed Hydroretorting of Eastern Oil Shales -- Sulfur Control. Topical Report for Subtask 3.1, In-bed Sulfur Capture Tests; Subtask 3.2, Electrostatic Desulfurization; Subtask 3.3, Microbial Desulfurization and Denitrification

This topical report on ``Sulfur Control`` presents the results of work conducted by the Institute of Gas Technology (IGT), the Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), and the Ohio State University (OSU) to develop three novel approaches for desulfurization that have shown good potential with coal and could be cost-effective for oil shales. These are (1) In-Bed Sulfur Capture using different sorbents (IGT), (2) Electrostatic Desulfurization (IIT), and (3) Microbial Desulfurization and Denitrific… more

Date: May 1992

Creator: Roberts, M. J.; Abbasian, J.; Akin, C.; Lau, F. S.; Maka, A.; Mensinger, M. C. et al.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Combined removal of SO{sub x} and NO{sub x} from flue gas using non-thermal plasma. Quarterly report, 1 December 1994--28 February 1995

The removal of NO{sub x} from flue gas was studied during this period. About 44% of NO{sub x} in concentrations of about 400 ppm and 100% of NO{sub x} in concentrations below 80 ppm can be removed without any chemical additives. Also some pre experiments have been done on the combined removal of S0{sub 2} and NO. Indications are that the NO in the flue gas helps the removal of S0{sub 2}. Work is continuing on the combined removal at present.

Date: December 31, 1995

Creator: Dhali, S.K.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Method for removing heavy metal and nitrogen oxides from flue gas, device for removing heavy metal and nitrogen oxides from flue gas

A method for the simultaneous removal of oxides and heavy metals from a fluid is provided comprising combining the fluid with compounds containing alkali and sulfur to create a mixture; spray drying the mixture to create a vapor phase and a solid phase; and isolating the vapor phase from the solid phase. A device is also provided comprising a means for spray-drying flue gas with alkali-sulfide containing liquor at a temperature sufficient to cause the flue gas to react with the compounds so as … more

Date: December 1, 1997

Creator: Huang, Hann-Sheng & Livengood, Charles David

Item Type: Patent

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Factors Controlling In Situ Uranium and Technetium Bio-Reduction and Reoxidation at the NABIR Field Research Center

Summary of Recent Field Testing: Extensive in situ (in ground) field testing using the push-pull method has demonstrated that indigenous microorganisms in the shallow (< 8 m) aquifer in FRC Areas 1 and 2 are capable of coupling the oxidation/fermentation of injected ethanol, glucose, or acetate to the reduction of U(VI) and Tc(VII). Despite highly variable initial (prior to testing) contaminant concentrations (pH: 3.3-7.2; Nitrate: 0.1-140 mM; U(VI): 1-12 uM; Tc(VII): 200-15000 pM), sequenti… more

Date: May 5, 2004

Creator: Istok, Jonathan; Krumholz, L; McKinley, J. & Gu, B.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Plasma-assisted cleanup of flue gas. Technical report, September 1, 1993--November 30, 1993

In this project period, the system for the removal of SO{sub 2} and NO{sub x} is being studied in the presence of water vapor. Typical-mixtures being tested consist of 500--1500 parts per million SO{sub 2}, 4--6% H{sub 2}Og, 7--15% O{sub 2}, and the balance is nitrogen. We have to date seen only a reduction in SO{sub 2} in the order of 40%. This is lower than the in dry air. At present this low reduction is attributed to arcing the discharge. A computer simulation is being performed to calculat… more

Date: December 31, 1993

Creator: Dhali, S. K.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Upgrading of western shale oil by hydropyrolysis and hydrotreating

A proof-of-concept study for a new shale oil upgrading and refining process was undertaken. This project is aimed at reducing upgrading costs, thereby malting shale oil development more feasible for commercialization. Raw shale oil was topped to remove the most volatile components. The topped shale oil was distilled into three narrow boiling cuts, representing of 175--275{degrees}C, 275--365{degrees}C, and 365--455{degrees}C, and a residue portion (>455{degrees}C). The distillate cuts were used… more

Date: July 1, 1992

Creator: Bunger, J. W.; Russell, C. P.; Jeong, Soon-Yong & Pu, J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Use of Advanced Oxidation and Aerobic Degradation for Remediation of Various Hydrocarbon Contaminates

Western Research Institute in conjunction with Sierra West Consultants, Inc., Tetra Tech, Inc., and the U.S. Department of Energy conducted laboratory and field studies to test different approaches to enhance degradation of hydrocarbons and associated contaminants. WRI in conjunction with Sierra West Consultants, Inc., conducted a laboratory and field study for using ozone to treat a site contaminated with MTBE and other hydrocarbons. Results from this study demonstrate that a TOD test can be u… more

Date: March 6, 2009

Creator: Fallgren, Paul

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Mechanism of hydrodenitrogenation. Final report, September 1, 1989--August 31, 1992

In this project it was proposed that the selectivity of the HDN reaction can be affected by an alteration of the catalyst acidity since it is possible that an acidic Hofmann-like deamination C--N--C bonds. Such a possibility was verified in this work by studying the denitrogenation of piperidine over acidic catalysts, and it was demonstrated that Bronsted acid sites are active for the denitrogenation of N-heterocycles, whereas Lewis sites are not. To better understand the role of acidic sites i… more

Date: November 30, 1992

Creator: Miranda, R.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Comparative efficiency of microbial systems for destroying carbon tetrachloride contamination in Hanford groundwater

Past waste disposal practices at the US Department of Energy`s (DOE) Hanford site have resulted in carbon tetrachloride (CCl{sub 4}) and nitrate contamination in the groundwater. In situ bioremediation is currently being investigated as a cost effective means to destroy these groundwater contaminants. The cost effectiveness of bioremediation is significantly influenced by the nutrient amendments required to sustain the contaminant destruction reactions. This is particularly important for biorem… more

Date: April 1, 1993

Creator: Truex, M. J.; Skeen, R. S.; Caley, S. M. & Workman, D. J.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Production and use of activated char for combined SO{sub 2}/NO{sub x} removal. Technical report, March 1, 1994--May 31, 1994

Carbon adsorbents have been shown to remove sulfur oxides from flue gas, and also serve as a catalyst for reduction of nitrogen oxides at temperatures between 80 and 150{degrees}C. The overall objective of this project is to determine whether Illinois coal is a suitable feedstock for the production of activated char which could be used as a catalyst for combined SO{sub 2}/NO{sub x} removal, and to evaluate the potential application of the products in flue gas cleanup. Key production variables w… more

Date: September 1, 1994

Creator: Lizzio, A. A.; DeBarr, J. A.; Kruse, C. W.; Rostam-Abadi, M.; Donnals, G. L. & Rood, M. J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Supercritical thermodynamics of sulfur and nitrogen species. Final technical report, October 1, 1991--September 30, 1994

Significant opportunity exists for the application of supercritical fluid (SCF) technology to coal processing, both for pretreatment of high sulfur coals, as well as liquefaction and treatment of coal liquids. Supercritical fluids are attractive solvents for a variety of coal processing applications because of their unusual solvating and mass transfer properties. Solubility studies have been carried out for a number of model coal and coal-liquid compounds, primarily in pure supercritical fluids… more

Date: December 31, 1994

Creator: Eckert, C. A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Effect of modifying host oil on coprocessing

The world`s supply of petroleum crudes is becoming heavier in nature so that the amount of vacuum bottoms has been steadily increasing. Coprocessing of coal with these resids (1,000 F+) is an attractive way of obtaining useful distillates from these readily available cheap materials. The objective of this work is to pretreat the host oil in ways that would improve its performance in coprocessing with coal. The following are examples of some ways in which heavy oil could be made into a better ho… more

Date: May 1, 1995

Creator: Hajdu, P.E.; Tierney, J.W. & Wender, I.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Innovative Clean Coal Technology (ICCT). Demonstration of Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) technology for the control of nitrogen oxide (NO{sub x}) emissions from high-sulfur coal-fired boilers: Volume 1. Final report

The objective of this project is to demonstrate and evaluate commercially available Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalysts from U.S., Japanese and European catalyst suppliers on a high-sulfur U.S. coal-fired boiler. SCR is a post-combustion nitrogen oxide (NO.) control technology that involves injecting ammonia into the flue gas generated from coal combustion in an electric utility boiler. The flue gas containing ammonia is then passed through a reactor that contains a specialized cataly… more

Date: October 1, 1996

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Advances in Ammonia Removal from Hot Coal Gas

Nitrogen occurs in coal in the form of tightly bound organic ring compounds, typically at levels of 1 to 2 wt%. During coal gasification, this fuel bound nitrogen is released principally as ammonia (NH{sub 3}). When hot coal gas is used to generate electricity in integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants, NH{sub 3} is converted to nitrogen oxides (NO{sub x}) which are difficult to remove and are highly undesirable as atmospheric pollutants. Similarly, while the efficiency of in… more

Date: December 31, 1996

Creator: Jothimurugesan, K. & Gangwal, S. K.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

A demonstration test and evaluation of the Cannon Low-NO{sub x} Digester System. Final report

Since 1985, Cannon Boiler Works, Inc. has been carrying out research and development efforts to perfect a system for removing nitrogen oxides, NO{sub x}, from the exhaust gases of furnaces, gas turbines, chemical reactors, incinerators and boilers.Computer simulations, bench-scale tests and pilot plant testing have proved that the system is capable of removing substantially all of the NO{sub x} from natural gas-fired equipment exhaust streams. Furthermore when retrofit to industrial boilers, bo… more

Date: August 1, 1995

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Rate enhancement for catalytic upgrading coal naphthas. Quarterly report, April--June 1993

In this report, we compare the activities of unsupported molybdenum nitride and unsupported molybdenum sulfide for the hydrotreatment of a real feedstock, naphtha derived from Illinois No. 6 coal. Two sets of conditions were employed for the hydrotreatment of the Illinois No. 6 naphtha. In the first condition, heteroatom removal was obtained for the temperatures of 200 to 400{degrees}C. The temperature was varied while holding constant the total pressure (600 psig), weight hourly space velocity… more

Date: November 1, 1993

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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California GAMA Special Study: An isotopic and dissolved gas investigation of nitrate source and transport to a public supply well in California's Central Valley

This study investigates nitrate contamination of a deep municipal drinking water production well in Ripon, CA to demonstrate the utility of natural groundwater tracers in constraining the sources and transport of nitrate to deep aquifers in the Central Valley. The goal of the study was to investigate the origin (source) of elevated nitrate and the potential for the deep aquifer to attenuate anthropogenic nitrate. The site is ideal for such an investigation. The production well is screened from … more

Date: April 14, 2010

Creator: Singleton, M. J.; Moran, J. E.; Esser, B. K.; Roberts, S. K. & Hillegonds, D. J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Bacterial Community Succession During in situ Uranium Bioremediation: Spatial Similarities Along Controlled Flow Paths

Bacterial community succession was investigated in a field-scale subsurface reactor formed by a series of wells that received weekly ethanol additions to re-circulating groundwater. Ethanol additions stimulated denitrification, metal reduction, sulfate reduction, and U(VI) reduction to sparingly soluble U(IV). Clone libraries of SSU rRNA gene sequences from groundwater samples enabled tracking of spatial and temporal changes over a 1.5 y period. Analyses showed that the communities changed in a… more

Date: May 22, 2009

Creator: Hwang, Chiachi; Wu, Weimin; Gentry, Terry J.; Carley, Jack; Corbin, Gail A.; Carroll, Sue L. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

IGR combined NO{sub x}/SO{sub x} control technology. Phase 1, volume 1.

The objective of this project is to develop and demonstrate the feasibility of a new, simple, modular, all solid-state electrochemical technology for the simultaneous removal of NO{sub x} and SO{sub x} pollutants from coal-fired combustors, in a cost effective, reliable and practical manner. The work accomplished in this Phase 1 project involved the formulation and testing of proprietary materials for NO{sub x} and SO{sub x} removal under conditions appropriate to coal-fired combustors for elec… more

Date: October 1, 1995

Creator: Gordon, A.Z.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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New catalysts for coal processing: Metal carbides and nitrides

The subject of this research project was to investigate the catalytic properties of a new class of materials, transition metal carbides and nitrides, for treatment of coal liquid and petroleum feedstocks. The main objectives were: (1) preparation of catalysts in unsupported and supported form; (2) characterization of the materials; (3) evaluation of their catalytic properties in HDS and HDN; (4) measurement of the surface properties; and (5) observation of adsorbed species. All of the objective… more

Date: December 3, 1999

Creator: Oyama, S. Ted & Cox, David F.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Dissolved gas and isotopic tracers of denitrification

We present results from field studies in California (USA) where tritium-helium age dating is used in conjunction with major gases (N{sub 2}, O{sub 2}, CH{sub 4}, CO{sub 2}), noble gases (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe), and stable isotopes ({sup 15}N/{sup 14}N, {sup 18}O/{sup 16}O) in order to document nitrate loading and denitrification associated with confined animal agricultural operations and septic systems. Preliminary results show that in-field extraction of the full suite of dissolved gases will be … more

Date: February 28, 2008

Creator: Singleton, M. J.; Moran, J. E.; Esser, B. K.; McNab, W. W.; Carle, S. F. & Cey, B. D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Clean gasoline reforming with superacid catalysts. Quarterly report, July--September 1991

The data showing the selectivity for production of 1-octene during dehydration of 2-octanol for ZrO{sub 2}-A and for ZrO{sub 2}-A/S are shown in Figure 17. The unsulfated sample exhibits high selectivity for 1-octene initially, but this declines to stabilize at about 40% at a reaction temperature of 320{degrees}C. However, the selectivity of the sulfated sample for 1-octene is consistently high at a reaction temperature of 220{degrees}C. The addition of sulfate ions has therefore increased the … more

Date: April 1, 1993

Creator: Davis, B. H.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department