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Radiation chemistry of salt-mine brines and hydrates. [Gamma radiation]

Description: Certain aspects of the radiation chemistry of NaCl-saturated MgCl/sub 2/ solutions and MgCl/sub 2/ hydrates at temperatures in the range of 30 to 180/sup 0/C were investigated through experiments. A principal objective was to establish the values for the yields of H/sub 2/ (G(H/sub 2/)) and accompanying oxidants in the gamma-ray radiolysis of concentrated brines that might occur in waste repositories in salt. We concluded that G(H/sub 2/) from gamma-irradiated brine solution into a simultaneous… more
Date: July 1, 1981
Creator: Jenks, G. H.; Walton, J. R.; Bronstein, H. R. & Baes Jr., C. F.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Corrosivity of geothermal brines. Progress report for period ending June 1976

Description: Studies carried out during FY 1976 on the corrosivity of ferrous materials in synthetic geothermal brines are described. Electrochemical measurements on the spontaneous corrosion potentials and corrosion rates, and on the kinetics of the anodic and cathodic corrosion reactions of iron and carbon steel were made in 4 M NaCl solution over the pH range from 1 to 11 at temperatures up to 100/sup 0/C in a conventional Pyrex electrochemical cell. A refreshed, stirred titanium autoclave system was des… more
Date: December 1, 1976
Creator: Posey, F. A. & Palko, A. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The fate of alkali species in advanced coal conversion systems

Description: The fate of species during coal combustion and gasification was determined experimentally in a fluidized bed reactor. A molecular-beam sampling mags spectrometer was used to identify and measure the concentration of vapor phase sodium species in the high temperature environment. Concurrent collection and analysis of the ash established the distribution of sodium species between gas-entrained and residual ash fractions. Two coals, Beulah Zap lignite and Illinois No. 6 bituminous, were used under… more
Date: November 1, 1991
Creator: Krishnan, G. N. & Wood, B. J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Use of geochemical-equilibrium computer calculations to estimate precipitation from geothermal brines

Description: The Helgeson-Herrick geochemical code was used to calculate the solubility of NaCl, KCl, and KCl-NaCl in water and to predict which minerals will precipitate from Salton Sea Geothermal Field brines. The code's predictions of sulfide-silicate precipitation from the Magmamax No. 1 brine are in good agreement with field tests of scaling, although the observed sulfide-silicate scale matrix is in amorphous form, rather than the crystalline form predicted by the code. The code's predictions of scale … more
Date: January 28, 1977
Creator: Miller, D. G.; Piwinskii, A. J. & Yamauchi, R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Amphiphilic compounds in enhanced oil recovery. Biennial report, October 1, 1980-September 30, 1982

Description: Research results covering the final two years of this program are reported in four categories: phase studies; free energies; small-angle neutron scattering; and adsorption of inorganic ions on hydrous oxides. In the early years, distributions of cations between minerals and solutions covering the salinity range of formation waters were measured. Clays and hydrous oxides were emphasized because of their high ion-exchange capacity. The objectives were to determine the equilibria between sodium an… more
Date: September 1, 1984
Creator: Ho, P. C. & Johnson, J. S., Jr.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Near surface chemistry and corrosion behavior of excimer laser surface-melted AISI type 304 stainless steel

Description: The effects of excimer laser surface melting on the near-surface chemistry, and corrosion behavior of AISI 304 stainless steel have been examined as a function of total energy deposited on the specimen. The surface chemistry resulting from the laser treatments has been examined using Auger electron spectroscopy. Electrochemical methods were used to monitor the corrosion behavior of the specimens in deaerated 0.1 M NaCl. Electron microscopy was used to characterize the extent of local corrosion … more
Date: May 1, 1988
Creator: Baer, Donald R.; Frydrych, Daniel J. & Jervis, Thomas R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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He Atom Surface Scattering: Surface Dynamics of Insulators, Overlayers and Crystal Growth

Description: Investigations have focused primarily on surface structure and dynamics of ionic insulators, epitaxial growth onto alkali halide crystals and multiphoton studies. The surface dynamics of RbCl has been re-examined. We have developed a simple force constant model which provides insight into the dynamics of KBr overlayers on NaCl(001), a system with a large lattice mismatch. The KBr/NaCl(001) results are compared to Na/Cu(001) and NaCl/Ge(001). We have completed epitaxial growth experiments for KB… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Chemistry and mineralogy of samples from the strategic petroleum reserve Bryan Mound site

Description: The goal of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) program is to protect the United States from a temporary cutoff of imported crude oil by stockpiling a reserve of oil in caverns in Gulf Coast salt domes. Some suitable caverns already exist as a result of solution mining activities by commercial mining companies. Most of the caverns for the program, however, will be solution mined specifically for the SPR program. The tasks assigned to Sandia National Laboratories include conducting a geotechni… more
Date: August 1, 1980
Creator: Bild, R. W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Salton Sea Geothermal Field, California, as a near-field natural analog of a radioactive waste repository in salt

Description: Since high concentrations of radionuclides and high temperatures are not normally encountered in salt domes or beds, finding an exact geologic analog of expected near-field conditions in a mined nuclear waste repository in salt will be difficult. The Salton Sea Geothermal Field, however, provides an opportunity to investigate the migration and retardation of naturally occurring U, Th, Ra, Cs, Sr and other elements in hot brines which have been moving through clay-rich sedimentary rocks for up t… more
Date: November 1, 1983
Creator: Elders, W. A. & Cohen, L. H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Valence effects on solubility and sorption: the solubility of Tc(IV) oxides

Description: The solubilities of technetium (IV) oxides have been determined in solutions of NaCl, HCl, and synthetic groundwaters in the pH range 0 to 10. Oxides were prepared either by electroreduction from Tc(VII) solutions onto platinum electrodes or by precipitation of Tc from Tc(VII) solutions using hydrazine. In some of the determinations, the oxide was precipitated onto purified sand by use of hydrazine. The oxide-covered sand was then placed into a column and the test solution continuously recircul… more
Date: March 1, 1986
Creator: Meyer, R. E.; Arnold, W. D. & Case, F. I.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Immobilization of IFR salt wastes in mortar

Description: Portland cement-base mortars are being considered for immobilizing chloride salt wastes produced by the fuel cycles of Integral Fast Reactors (IFR). The IFR is a sodium-cooled fast reactor with metal alloy fuels. It has a close-coupled fuel cycle in which fission products are separated from the actinides in an electrochemical cell operating at 500/degree/C. This cell has a liquid cadmium anode in which the fuels are dissolved and a liquid salt electrolyte. The salt will be a mixture of either l… more
Date: January 1, 1988
Creator: Fischer, D. F. & Johnson, T. R.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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A differential thermal analysis study of the effect of tramp impurities on the exothermic U sub 3 O sub 8 -Al reactions

Description: Differential thermal analysis (DTA) has been used to study the effect of impurities on aluminothermic reactions between commercial type 101 aluminum powder and U{sub 3}O{sub 8} powder. No measurable effect (solid state reactions) was found below 660{degrees}C during differential thermal analysis studies of (1) loose blended powders, (2) blended and compressed powders, (3) blended, heated, and compressed powders, or (4) blended, compressed, and heated compacts containing less than 50,000 ppM imp… more
Date: December 1, 1989
Creator: Gray, L.W. (Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (USA)) & Peacock, H.B. (Savannah River Lab., Aiken, SC (USA))
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Process engineering and economic evaluations of diaphragm and membrane chlorine cell technologies. Final report

Description: The chlor-alkali manufacturing technologies of (1), diaphragm cells (2), current technology membrane cells (3), catalytic cathode membrane cells (4), oxygen-cathode membrane cells and to a lesser extent several other related emerging processes are studied. Comparisons have been made on the two bases of (1) conventional industrial economics, and (2) energy consumption. The current diaphragm cell may have a small economic advantage over the other technologies at the plant size of 544 metric T/D (… more
Date: December 1, 1980
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Experimental relationship between the specific resistance of a HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) filter and particle diameters of different aerosol materials

Description: The increase in pressure drop across a HEPA filter has been measured as a function of the particle mass loading using two materials with different particle morphologies. The HEPA filter media chosen, is identical to the filter media used in the Airborne Activity Confinement System (AACS) on the Savannah River Reactors. The velocity through the test filter media was the same as the velocity through the AACS media, under normal operating flow conditions. Sodium Chloride challenge particles were g… more
Date: January 1, 1990
Creator: Novick, V.J. (Argonne National Lab., IL (USA)); Monson, P.R. & Ellison, P.E. (Westinghouse Savannah River Co., Aiken, SC (USA))
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Lithium--water--air battery project: progress during the month of March 1977. [LLL]

Description: The electrode behavior of the system, Ca/aq.-NaOH, NaCl, was investigated at ambient temperatures. Limiting currents were noted for intermediate concentrations of NaOH and NaCl, while rapid passivation at high ratios of NaOH to NaCl occurred. Low ratios of NaOH/NaCl yielded uncontrollable hydrogen evolution and rapid calcium dissolution. A model of the aqueous cell of the proposed system for the production of lithium was completed. The apparatus allows simultaneous determination of current effi… more
Date: April 11, 1977
Creator: Cooper, J. F.; Hosmer, P. K.; Kelly, B. E.; Krikorian, O. H. & Parrish, W. H.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The bioenergetics of salt tolerance

Description: The aim of this project was to try to understand the adaptive mechanisms that organisms develop in order to respond to a sudden transformation in their environment to a salt shock.'' To study this problem we used a fresh water oxygenic photosynthetic cyanobacterium known as Synecoccus 6311. This organism suffers injury after this sudden exposure to high concentrations of sodium chloride equivalent to or even higher than that in sea water. Yet they are able to re-establish their photosynthetic a… more
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Packer, L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Regenerative process for desulfurization of high temperature combustion and fuel gases. Quarterly progress report No. 5, April 1--June 30, 1977

Description: The sulfation rate of reagent-grade monocalcium silicate is of the same order of magnitude as that of limestone and higher than that of reagent-grade calcium oxide. It has been confirmed that the sulfated monocalcium silicate is more regenerable than the sulfated lime, i.e., the regeneration rate is higher with the silicate. X-ray diffraction and IR absorption results indicate that silica is chemically bonded to the calcium sulfate in the sulfated calcium silicate. Construction of a micro-pilot… more
Date: January 1, 1977
Creator: Steinberg, M & Yang, R T
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Waste isolation safety assessment program. Task 4. Collection and generation of transport data theoretical and experimental evaluation of waste transport in selected rocks. Annual progress report, October 1, 1978-September 30, 1979

Description: The objective of the program is to establish a basis for the prediction of radionuclide sorption in geologic environments. In FY 79, experimental and theoretical efforts were concentrated on a study of the sorption of cesium on the solid substrates Min-u-sil (quartz) and Belle Fourche clay (montmorillonite). Cesium sorption isotherms were obtained for the two substrates at 26/sup 0/C as a function of initial Cs concentration in solution (10/sup -3/M to 10/sup -9/M), pH (5 to 10) and supporting … more
Date: September 30, 1979
Creator: Silva, R. J.; Benson, L. V.; Yee, A. W. & Parks, G. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Water quality in the vicinity of Fenton Hill, 1987 and 1988. [Fenton Hill site]

Description: Water-quality data have been collected since 1974 from established surface- and ground-water stations at, and in the vicinity of, Fenton Hill (site of the Laboratory's Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Project). The site is located on the southwest edge of the Valles Caldera in the Jemez Mountains. To determine the chemical quality of water, data were collected in 1987 and 1988 from 13 surface-water stations and 19 ground-water stations. The classification of the water quality is made on the basis of pre… more
Date: March 1, 1991
Creator: Purtymun, W.D.; Ferenbaugh, R.W.; Maes, M.N. & Williams, M.C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Direct conversion of methane to C sub 2 's and liquid fuels

Description: The objectives of the project are to discover and evaluate novel catalytic systems for the conversion of methane or by-product light hydrocarbon gases either indirectly (through intermediate light gases rich in C{sub 2}'s) or directly to liquid hydrocarbon fuels, and to evaluate, from an engineering perspective, different conceptualized schemes. The approach is to carry out catalyst testing on several specific classes of potential catalysts for the conversion of methane selectively to C{sub 2} … more
Date: March 12, 1990
Creator: Warren, B. K.; Campbell, K. D.; Matherne, J. L. & Kinkade, N. E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Cyclic voltammetric study of the reduction of U(III) to uranium metal in molten LiCl-NaCl-CaCl/sub 2/-BaCl/sub 2/-UCl/sub 3/

Description: Cyclic voltammetry was used to investigate the electrochemistry of the reduction of UCl/sub 3/ to uranium metal in molten LiCl-NaCl-CaCl/sub 2/-BaCl/sub 2/ (49.7-8.0-26.5-15.8 mol %) containing dissolved UCl/sub 3/. The purpose of the study was to obtain information on the kinetics of the reaction, which will be used in the design of electrorefining equipment for the reprocessing of core and blanket fuel discharged from the Integral Fast Reactor (IFR). The electrorefining operation employs the … more
Date: January 1, 1986
Creator: Poa, D.S.; Tomczuk, Z. & Steunenberg, R.K.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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In-line sensors for electrolytic magnesium cells

Description: This report includes: MgCl{sub 2} purification and molten salt preparation facilities have been completed at both the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The purification of MgCl{sub 2} is being studied. Initial Raman spectral results have been obtained at both facilities. Two analytical spectral techniques involving near-infrared (NIR) and IR reflectance spectral measurements show promise for identifying and quantifying OH species in solid salts of interest. … more
Date: November 12, 1990
Creator: Young, J.P. & Mamantov, G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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