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Coagulation chemistries for silica removal from cooling tower water.

Description: The formation of silica scale is a problem for thermoelectric power generating facilities, and this study investigated the potential for removal of silica by means of chemical coagulation from source water before it is subjected to mineral concentration in cooling towers. In Phase I, a screening of many typical as well as novel coagulants was carried out using concentrated cooling tower water, with and without flocculation aids, at concentrations typical for water purification with limited resu… more
Date: February 1, 2010
Creator: Nyman, May Devan; Altman, Susan Jeanne & Stewart, Tom
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Automated Diagnostics Software Requirements Specification, Version 1.1

Description: This document specifies requirements for a computerized automated diagnostic tool for the detection of faults in certain heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system components. The automated diagnostic tool is being developed for Architectural Energy Corporation (AEC) by Battelle as part of a program sponsored by the California Energy Commission (CEC). Supplemental cost-share funds are provided by U.S. Department of Energy through the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). T… more
Date: September 2, 2003
Creator: Sisk, Daniel R.; Brambley, Michael R.; Carlon, Teresa A. & Briggs, Robert S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Preoperational test report, raw water system

Description: This represents the preoperational test report for the Raw Water System, Project W-030. Project W-030 provides a ventilation upgrade for the four Aging Waste Facility tanks. The system supplies makeup water to the W-030 recirculation evaporative cooling towers for tanks AY1O1, AY102, AZ1O1, AZ102. The Raw Water pipe riser and associated strainer and valving is located in the W-030 diesel generator building. The tests verify correct system operation and correct indications displayed by the centr… more
Date: October 29, 1997
Creator: Clifton, F.T.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Energy from humid air. Final report

Description: Results to date are presented for a research project which is in progress at the South Dakota School of Mines and Technology. The goal of the research is to find a cost-effective process to convert the energy in humid air into mechanical work, which will be used to drive an electrical generator. The research is being carried out by computer modeling. Results for a natural draft tower show that it is not a cost-effective way to get energy from humid air. Parametric studies are presented for expa… more
Date: February 1, 1979
Creator: Oliver, T.K.; Groves, W.N.; Gruber, C.L. & Cheung, A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Use of Coal Drying to Reduce Water Consumed in Pulverized Coal Power Plants Quarterly Report: October-December 2004

Description: This is the eighth Quarterly Report for this project. The background and technical justification for the project are described, including potential benefits of reducing fuel moisture, prior to firing in a pulverized coal boiler. Analyses were performed to determine the effects of coal product moisture on unit performance. Results are given showing how the coal product moisture level affects parameters such as boiler efficiency, power required to drive the fluidizing air fan, other station servi… more
Date: March 1, 2005
Creator: Sarunac, Nenad & Levy, Edward
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Performance Analysis of Mechanical Draft Cooling Tower

Description: Industrial processes use mechanical draft cooling towers (MDCT's) to dissipate waste heat by transferring heat from water to air via evaporative cooling, which causes air humidification. The Savannah River Site (SRS) has cross-flow and counter-current MDCT's consisting of four independent compartments called cells. Each cell has its own fan to help maximize heat transfer between ambient air and circulated water. The primary objective of the work is to simulate the cooling tower performance for … more
Date: February 10, 2009
Creator: Lee, S.; Alfred Garrett, A.; James02 Bollinger, J. & Larry Koffman, L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Pollution prevention opportunity assessment United States Naval Base Norfolk Naval Air Station. Project summary

Description: The purposes of the WREAFS Program are to identify new technologies and techniques for reducing wastes from process operations and other activities at Federal sites, and to enhance the implementation of pollution prevention/waste minimization through technology transfer. New techniques and technologies for reducing waste generation are identified through waste minimization opportunity assessments and may be further evaluated through joint research, development, and demonstration projects. A coo… more
Date: September 1, 1995
Creator: Bowman, D. & DeWaters, J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Plant Vogtle cooling tower studies

Description: Intensive ground-based field studies of plumes from two large, natural-draft cooling towers were conducted in support of the MTI modeling effort. Panchromatic imagery, IR imagery, meteorological data, internal tower temperatures and plant power data were collected during the field studies. These data were used to evaluate plume simulations, plume radioactive transfer calculations and plume volume estimation algorithms used for power estimation. Results from six field studies indicate that a 3-D… more
Date: January 26, 2000
Creator: O'Steen, L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Desiccant-Based Preconditioning Market Analysis

Description: A number of important conclusions can be drawn as a result of this broad, first-phase market evaluation. The more important conclusions include the following: (1) A very significant market opportunity will exist for specialized outdoor air-handling units (SOAHUs) as more construction and renovation projects are designed to incorporate the recommendations made by the ASHRAE 62-1989 standard. Based on this investigation, the total potential market is currently $725,000,000 annually (see Table 6, … more
Date: January 11, 2001
Creator: Fischer, J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Drift deposition from mechanical draft cooling towers

Description: A comprehensive experiment to study drift from mechanical draft cooling towers was conducted during June 1978 at the PG and E Pittsburg Power Plant. The data from this study are to be used for drift deposition model validation. Results show the effects of tower geometry and orientation with respect to the wind and to single or two tower operation. The effect of relative humidity on droplet evaporation as a function of downwind distance can also be seen.
Date: January 1, 1979
Creator: Laulainen, N. S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The Management of Silica in Los Alamos National Laboratory Tap Water - A Study of Silica Solubility

Description: Well water at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) has a silica (SiO{sub 2}) content of 60 to 100 mg/L, with 4 mg/L of magnesium, 13 mg/L calcium and lesser concentrations of other ions. On evaporation in cooling towers, when the silica concentration reaches 150 to 220 mg/L, silica deposits on heat transfer surfaces. When the high silica well water is used in the reprocessing of plutonium, silica remains in solution at the end of the process and creates a problem of removal from the effluent p… more
Date: July 1999
Creator: Wohlberg, C.; Worland, V. P.; Kozubal, M. A.; Erickson, G. F.; Jacobson, H. M. & McCarthy, K. T.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Cfd Modeling Analysis of Mechanical Draft Cooling Tower

Description: Industrial processes use mechanical draft cooling towers (MDCT's) to dissipate waste heat by transferring heat from water to air via evaporative cooling, which causes air humidification. The Savannah River Site (SRS) has a MDCT consisting of four independent compartments called cells. Each cell has its own fan to help maximize heat transfer between ambient air and circulated water. The primary objective of the work is to conduct a parametric study for cooling tower performance under different f… more
Date: March 3, 2008
Creator: Lee, S.; Alfred Garrett, A.; James02 Bollinger, J. & Larry Koffman, L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Flue gas injection control of silica in cooling towers.

Description: Injection of CO{sub 2}-laden flue gas can decrease the potential for silica and calcite scale formation in cooling tower blowdown by lowering solution pH to decrease equilibrium calcite solubility and kinetic rates of silica polymerization. Flue gas injection might best inhibit scale formation in power plant cooling towers that use impaired makeup waters - for example, groundwaters that contain relatively high levels of calcium, alkalinity, and silica. Groundwaters brought to the surface for co… more
Date: June 1, 2011
Creator: Brady, Patrick Vane; Anderson, Howard L., Jr. & Altman, Susan Jeanne
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Report on Preliminary Engineering Study for Installation of an Air Cooled Steam Condenser at Brawley Geothermal Plant, Unit No. 1

Description: The Brawley Geothermal Project comprises a single 10 MW nominal geothermal steam turbine-generator unit which has been constructed and operated by the Southern California Edison Company (SCE). Geothermal steam for the unit is supplied through contract by Union Oil Company which requires the return of all condensate. Irrigation District (IID) purchases the electric power generated and provides irrigation water for cooling tower make-up to the plant for the first-five years of operation, commenci… more
Date: March 1, 1982
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Use of Produced Water in Recirculating Cooling Systems at Power Generating Facilities

Description: The purpose of this study is to evaluate produced water as a supplemental source of water for the San Juan Generating Station (SJGS). This study incorporates elements that identify produced water volume and quality, infrastructure to deliver it to SJGS, treatment requirements to use it at the plant, delivery and treatment economics, etc. SJGS, which is operated by Public Service of New Mexico (PNM) is located about 15 miles northwest of Farmington, New Mexico. It has four units with a total gen… more
Date: July 1, 2005
Creator: Zammit, Kent & DiFilippo, Michael N.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Cooling tower waste reduction

Description: At Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), the two main cooling tower systems (central and northwest) were upgraded during the summer of 1997 to reduce the generation of hazardous waste. In 1996, these two tower systems generated approximately 135,400 lbs (61,400 kg) of hazardous sludge, which is more than 90 percent of the hazardous waste for the site annually. At both, wet decks (cascade reservoirs) were covered to block sunlight. Covering the cascade reservoirs reduced the amount of c… more
Date: May 1, 1998
Creator: Coleman, S. J.; Celeste, J.; Chine, R. & Scott, C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Article
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Wet cooling towers: rule-of-thumb design and simulation

Description: A survey of wet cooling tower literature was performed to develop a simplified method of cooling tower design and simulation for use in power plant cycle optimization. The theory of heat exchange in wet cooling towers is briefly summarized. The Merkel equation (the fundamental equation of heat transfer in wet cooling towers) is presented and discussed. The cooling tower fill constant (Ka) is defined and values derived. A rule-of-thumb method for the optimized design of cooling towers is present… more
Date: July 1, 1981
Creator: Leeper, S.A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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UTSI/CFFF MHD PROGRAM COMPLETION AND RELATED ACTIVITY

Description: In this final technical report, UTSI summarizes work completed under DOE Contract No. DE-AC22-95PC95231. This work began on the contract effective date, September 15, 1995 and is continuing on a very small basis to complete the groundwater remediation as of this date. The work scope required UTSI to continue to maintain the DOE Coal Fired Flow Facility and keep it in readiness for anticipated testing. This effort was terminated in September 1998 by DOE stop-work letter. Work continued on report… more
Date: July 21, 2004
Creator: Muehlhauser, Joel W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Physical modeling of flow over an axisymmetric knoll under neutral atmospheric conditions

Description: A glass-walled hydraulic (water) flume was used to model physically air flow near an axisymmetric knoll in a neutral atmospheric boundary layer. The knoll was a 1:250 scale model. An upstream velocity profile (1/7 power law), characteristic of a neutral atmospheric boundary layer, was produced by locating a 10-cm-high (4-in.) trip near the flume entrance and by appropriately roughening the flume floor. Mean velocity, rms velocity, and turbulence intensity profiles were measured at locations nea… more
Date: February 1, 1980
Creator: Cliff, W. C. & Smith, J. D.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Comprehensive study of drift from mechanical draft cooling towers. Final report

Description: Drift from mechanical draft cooling towers was studied to establish a data base for use in drift deposition model validation. This objective was met by the simultaneous measurement of cooling tower source emission parameters, meteorological variables and drift deposition patterns during seven of eight test runs. Results from six of these test runs are presented and discussed. Source characterization measurements were made of cooling tower emission parameters such as updraft velocity and tempera… more
Date: September 1, 1979
Creator: Laulainen, N. S.; Webb, R. O.; Wilber, K. R. & Ulanski, S. L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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