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in publisher: "Institute of Paper Science and Technology, Inc., Atlanta, GA United States"

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A comparison of impulse drying to double felted pressing on pilot- scale shoe presses and roll presses. Progress report, No. 6

Pilot-scale shoe press and roll press experiments have been conducted to compare impulse drying and double felted pressing. Both ceramic coated and Beloit Type C press rolls have been evaluated. The experiments show that impulse drying can provide significantly higher outgoing solids than double felled pressing at the same impulse. For example, at an impulse of 0.234 MPa seconds (34 psi seconds), sheets at an ingoing solids of 52% were impulse dried (using the Beloit Type C press roll) to 68% s… more

Date: August 1, 1992

Creator: Orloff, D. I.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Raman microprobe investigation of molecular structure and organization in the native state of woody tissue. Progress report, April 1, 1987--July 31, 1989

Although the primary emphasis of our program has remained with the application of Raman spectroscopy to the study of native tissue, the scope of the work has been expanded to include a number of complementary approaches. These have included Solid State 13C NMR, autoradiography of radiolabeled woody tissue sections, and the generation of biomimetic tertiary aggregates which simulate states of aggregation characteristic of cell walls. Our Raman spectroscopic studies have resulted in progress in t… more

Date: August 1, 1989

Creator: Atalla, R. H.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

On-machine sensors to measure paper mechanical properties. Final report

The measurement of the velocity of ultrasound provides a nondestructive means to characterize the elastic stiffness properties of paper. The objective of this project is to develop sensors capable of measuring the velocity of ultrasound in the thickness and in-plane directions of moving paper webs. On-machine measurements would allow continuous monitoring of product quality as well as provide data for controlling the papermaking process. This final report first reviews the background and variou… more

Date: October 1, 1993

Creator: Hall, M. S.; Brodeur, P. H. & Jackson, T. G.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

High-intensity drying processes-impulse drying. Yearly report

Impulse drying is an innovative process for drying paper that holds great promise for reducing the energy consumed during the manufacture of paper and similar web products. impulse drying occurs when a wet paper web passes through a press nip in which one of the rolls is heated to a high temperature. A steam layer adjacent to the heated surface grows and displaces water from the sheet in a very efficient manner. The energy required for water removal is very much less than that required for conv… more

Date: June 1, 1991

Creator: Orloff, D. I.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Control of the accumulation of non-process elements and organic compounds in pulp mills with bleach filtrate reuse. Quarterly report, October--December 1996

A portion of each filtrate sample was freeze-dried and the resulting solids were analyzed for ash content. Adsorption experiments with calcium and barium were carried at 70{degrees}C in a temperature controlled incubator under continuous mixing in order to simulate the environment experienced by brownstock as it moves through the Q stage. In the calcium experiments, it was difficult to accurately determine the calcium adsorbed on the pulp by measuring the depletion of calcium in the aqueous pha… more

Date: December 31, 1996

Creator: Frederick, W. J.; Laver, M. L. & Rorrer, G. L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Control of the accumulation of non-process elements and organic compounds in pulp mills with bleach filtrate reuse. Quarterly report 3, January--March, 1997

Progress during this quarter is described on four tasks. The first task involves the recovery of organic matter from bleach effluents and black liquors, separation of carbohydrates and lignin degradation products, analysis of functional groups, and characterization of carbohydrate polymers. Progress in the second task was made in the selection of model compounds. Several subtasks are complete in Task 3, but the paper summarizes progress made in the determination of the residual hemicellulose co… more

Date: May 1, 1997

Creator: Frederick, W. J.; Laver, M. L. & Rorrer, G. L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Low VOC drying of lumber and wood panel products. Progress report number 6

Twenty five Southern pine boards were machined into 2 x 4 inch pieces. Next, the 8 foot boards were cut in half into matched pairs. One of the two was irradiated with RF, while the other served as a control. Both sets were dried under a conventional temperature-time based schedule. Results and conclusions are: RF pretreatment of lumber does not affect strength; the amount of pinene lost into the headspace during low-VOC RF-treatment of wood approximately corresponds to the amount of material lo… more

Date: January 1, 1998

Creator: Yan, H.; Wild, M. P.; Hooda, U.; Banerjee, S.; Shmulsky, R.; Thompson, A. et al.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Low VOC drying of lumber and wood panel products: Progress report No. 3

Studies on the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from wood or wood products were conducted. Steam-induced extraction of VOC from oriented strand board (OSB) was studied using a tube furnace at 130 C which resulted in over 50% removal in 30 minutes. RF treatment of softwood lumber removed up to 68% of VOC in 20 minutes. Studies on the transport of moisture in wood confirmed that transport is greatest in the transverse surface, followed by the tangential and radial faces.

Date: March 1, 1997

Creator: Boerner, J., Su, Wei, Banerjee, Sujit & Shmulsky, R., Thompson, A., Ingram, L., Conners, T.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Low VOC drying of lumber and wood panel products. Progress report No. 7

Green pine blocks (2x1x 1) were dried to different moisture levels at 120 degrees C. They were immersed in D{sub 2}O (greater than 99% isotopic Content) for different periods at room temperature, and were then cut in halves. One piece from each set was then wrapped in plastic, and microwaved at 110 W, for 30 minutes, with the field being cycled to keep the wood surface at 90-100 degrees C. Fibers taken from just inside the wet surface from five regions along the length of the piece were then an… more

Date: March 1, 1998

Creator: Yan, Hui; Hooda, Usha & Banerjee, Sujit

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Low VOC drying of lumber and wood panel products. Progress report No. 4, annual summary

Heating softwood in a low-headspace environment draws out the VOCs from the wood, without removing the water. The VOCs can be collected from the headspace, and represent a valuable product. The VOC-depleted wood can then be dried conventionally with much reduced emissions. Heating can be accomplished through radiofrequency (RF) or steam. For lumber, steam is inefficient, but brief RF treatment under low-headspace conditions draws out 80% of the VOCs. The power used is quite low, since the RF en… more

Date: July 1, 1997

Creator: Boerner, J.; Su, Wei & Yan, Hui

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

High-intensity drying processes: Impulse drying. Annual report

Experiments were conducted on a sheet-fed pilot-scale shoe press to compare impulse drying and double-felted pressing. Both an IPST (Institute of Paper Science and Technology) ceramic coated and Beloit Type A press roll were evaluated for lienrboard sheet structures having a wide range of z-direction permeability. Purpose was to find ways of correcting sheet sticking problems observed in previous pilot-scale shoe press experiments. Results showed that impulse drying was superior to double felte… more

Date: December 1, 1993

Creator: Orloff, D. I. & Phelan, P. M.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

High-intensity drying process: Impulse drying. Progress report on modeling of fluid flow and heat transfer in a crown compensated impulse drying roll: The heat transfer problem

Results of this study indicate that under the conditions where the two boundaries are maintained at the same temperature, the viscous heat dissipation within the lubricant, due to viscous drag and inertial effects, plays a major role in the net heat transfer. However, when the inner surface temperature is much greater than that of the shoe, the effect of viscous heat dissipation is reduced significantly. For the conditions analyzed in this study, the regions under the solid part of the shoe, wh… more

Date: July 1, 1995

Creator: Orloff, D.; Hojjatie, B. & Bloom, F.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

High-intensity drying processes: Impulse drying. Progress report on furnish evaluations for impulse drying commercialization demonstration

Laboratory and pilot scale experiments were performed to identify potential furnishes and operating parameters for upcoming high-speed pilot scale trials and commercial demonstration of impulse drying of heavy weight grades of paper. Results indicate that hydrodynamic specific surface is highly dependent on sheet formation and prehandling. Mill refined pulp and machine paper were comparable to laboratory prepared samples in regards to permeability and impulse drying. Process variables such as p… more

Date: February 1, 1995

Creator: Orloff, D.; Phelan, P. & Rudman, I.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

High-intensity drying processes: Impulse drying modeling of fluid flow and heat transfer in a crown compensated impulse drying press roll, The lubrication problem. Annual report

Although evaporative drying is currently used to dry paper, research has showed that significant energy savings could be realized with the newer impulse drying technology in drying heavy weight grades of paper. This report analyzes the lubrication problem which arises in modeling impulse drying employing a crown compensated roll. The geometry for the associated steady flow problem is constructed and expressions are derived for the relevant velocity fields, mass flow rates, and normal and tangen… more

Date: August 1, 1994

Creator: Orloff, D.I.; Hojjatie, B. & Bloom, F.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Low VOC drying of lumber and wood panel products. Progress report No. 5

This progress report summarizes three accomplishments in a study of low volatile organic compound (VOC) drying of lumber and wood panel products. A mathematical model for predicting moisture emissions from particle was constructed and is being extended to VOCs. VOCs emissions from drying boards show that VOCs appear to be evenly released from all surfaces. Preliminary results from monthly analyses of loblolly pines indicate that resin acids appear to decrease between March to August, and that n… more

Date: October 1, 1997

Creator: Wild, P.; Yan, Hui & Banerjee, S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Development and pilot testing of modular dynamic thermomechanical pulp mill model to develop energy reduction strategies. Final report

With the development of on-line and real-time process simulations, one obtains the ability to predict and control the process; thus, the opportunity exists to improve energy efficiency, decrease materials wastes, and maintain product quality. Developing this capability was the objective of the this research program. A thermomechanical pulp mill was simulated using both a first principles model and a neural network. The models made use of actual process data and a model that calculated the mass … more

Date: October 1, 1996

Creator: Coffin, D. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Data for model validation summary report. A summary of data for validation and benchmarking of recovery boiler models

One of the tasks in the project was to obtain data from operating recovery boilers for the purpose of model validation. Another task was to obtain water model data and computer output from University of British Columbia for purposes of benchmarking the UBC model against other codes. In the course of discussions on recovery boiler modeling over the course of this project, it became evident that there would be value in having some common cases for carrying out benchmarking exercises with differen… more

Date: July 1, 1997

Creator: Grace, T.; Lien, S.; Schmidl, W.; Salcudean, M. & Abdullah, Z.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Black liquor combustion validated recovery boiler modeling, five-year report

The objective of this project was to develop a new computer model of a recovery boiler furnace using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code specifically tailored to the requirements for solving recovery boiler flows, and using improved submodels for black liquor combustion based on continued laboratory fundamental studies. The project originated in October 1990 and was scheduled to run for four years. At that time, there was considerable emphasis on developing accurate predictions of the phy… more

Date: August 1, 1996

Creator: Grace, T. M.; Frederick, W. J.; Salcudean, M. & Wessel, R. A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department