128 Matching Results

Search Results

Advanced search parameters have been applied.

in subjects: "Air Cleaning Systems"

open access

Confinement of airborne radioactivity. Progress report, January--December 1977

Iodine penetration and ignition temperature data obtained from carbon that was removed from the Savannah River Plant (SRP) confinement system show that Type GX-176 carbon has a useful life of at least 30 months. Development studies on new halogen adsorbers showed that coal- and petroleum-base carbons can be treated in the laboratory to retain methyl iodide as well as, or better than, commercial coconut-base carbons. Radiation stability tests for iodine-loaded, silver-exchanged zeolite (AgX) sho… more

Date: January 1, 1979

Creator: Evans, A.G.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Containment air cleaning for LMFBRs

A variety of air cleaning concepts was evaluated for potential use in future sodium-cooled breeder reactors. A 3-stage aqueous scrubber system was selected for large-scale demonstration testing under conditions similar to those postulated for containment venting and purging during reactor melt-through accidents. Two tests were performed in the Containment Systems Test Facility using a quench tank, a jet venturi scrubber and a high efficiency fibrous scrubber in series. The results of two tests … more

Date: January 1, 1979

Creator: Hilliard, R. K.; McCormack, J. D.; Postma, A. K. & Owen, R. K.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Recent aerosol tests in the Containment Systems Test Facility

The Containment Systems Test Facility (CSTF) is a 20-meter high, 850m/sup 3/ model containment vessel in which various sodium fire aerosol air cleaning tests are studied for purposes of developing and proof testing air cleaning techniques. The first series of tests was designed to study the properties of sodium fire aerosols without any air cleaning and to provide a data base for model verification using large-scale experiments. To date, three such tests (two pool fire and one spray fire) have … more

Date: October 1, 1978

Creator: McCormack, J.D.; Hilliard, R.K. & Postma, A.K.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Tritium monitoring at the Sandia Tritium Research Laboratory

Sandia Laboratories at Livermore, California, is presently beginning operation of a Tritium Research Laboratory (TRL). The laboratory incorporates containment and cleanup facilities such that any unscheduled tritium release is captured rather than vented to the atmosphere. A sophisticated tritium monitoring system is in use at the TRL to protect operating personnel and the environment, as well as ensure the safe and effective operation of the TRL decontamination systems. Each monitoring system … more

Date: October 1, 1978

Creator: Devlin, T. K.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Air cleaning systems analysis and HEPA filter response to simulated tornado loadings. [TVENT]

A computer code, TVENT, for predicting tornado-induced depressurization in air cleaning systems is described. TVENT easily fits on many computers with input/output formats that are familiar to most analysts and HVAC designers. Applications of TVENT to several nuclear facilities in Idaho, New York, and New Mexico are described. Flow-resistance data of HEPA filters for use in TVENT are also described. At low flow resistance appears to be mainly caused by a diffusion mechanism, while at high flow … more

Date: January 1, 1978

Creator: Gregory, W. S.; Andrae, R. W.; Duerre, K. H.; Horak, H. L.; Smith, P. R.; Ricketts, C. I. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Demonstration of an Emergency Containment System. [Tritium containment]

A system called an Emergency Containment System (ECS) to be used for tertiary containment of tritium was reported at the 13th Air Cleaning Conference. This system was part of the Tritium Effluent Control Laboratory then under construction at Mound Facility. A series of experiments has recently been conducted to evaluate the performance of an ECS in capturing tritium accidentally released into an operating laboratory. The ECS is an automatically actuated laboratory air detritiation system utiliz… more

Date: January 1, 1978

Creator: Flanagan, T. M.; Rogers, M. L. & Wilkes, W. R.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Progress in standards for nuclear air and gas treatment

Standardization in nuclear air and gas treatment spans a period of more than 25 years, starting with military specifications for HEPA filters and filter media, and now progressing to the development of a formal code analogous to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Whereas the current standard for components and installation of nuclear air cleaning systems is limited to safety related facilities for nuclear power plants, the proposed code will cover all types of critical ventilation and ai… more

Date: January 1, 1978

Creator: Burchsted, C.A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Acoustic and turbulent agglomeration of sodium aerosols. Quarterly report, January 1, 1977--March 31, 1977

Tests of turbulent and acoustic agglomeration of captive sodium fire aerosols at concentrations of 0.1 to 20 gm/m/sup 3/ were conducted in 90 m/sup 3/ and 0.65 m/sup 3/ vessels to evaluate these mechanisms for direct application air cleaning systems. Aerosol mass concentration decay with time was monitored by sequential filter samples. Turbulence was generated mechanically with a 51 cm diameter centrifugal fan impeller and a reverberant acoustic field was created with an electronic siren. The e… more

Date: April 1, 1977

Creator: Hinds, W.; Mallove, E. F. & First, M. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Distribution and behavior of tritium in the Coolant-Salt Technology Facility. [Tritium trapping using sodium fluoroborate]

A 1000-MW(e) Molten-Salt Breeder Reactor (MSBR) is expected to produce 2420 Ci/day of tritium. As much as 60 percent of the tritium produced may be transported to the reactor steam system (assuming no retention by the secondary coolant salt), where it would be released to the environment. Such a release rate would be unacceptable. Experiments were conducted in an engineering-scale facility--the Coolant-Salt Technology Facility (CSTF)--to examine the potential of sodium fluoroborate, the propose… more

Date: April 1, 1977

Creator: Mays, G. T.; Smith, A. N. & Engel, J. R.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Direct in-vessel applications experiments at Harvard Air Cleaning Laboratory. Annual report, October 1, 1975--January 31, 1977. [Removal of LMFBR sodium fire aerosols]

Prototypes of direct in-vessel emergency air cleaning systems were evaluated for possible application in an LMFBR containment vessel after a hypothetical core disruptive accident. These were turbulence enhanced sedimentation, powder dispersal scavenging, acoustic agglomeration enhanced sedimentation, and combinations of turbulence with powder dispersal. The effect of turbulent agglomeration in enhancing the sedimentation of a sodum pool fire aerosol was experimentally demonstrated in a 90 m/sup… more

Date: February 1, 1977

Creator: Mallove, E.; Hinds, W. & First, M. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Evaluation of air cleaning system concepts for emergency use in LMFBR plants

Nineteen different air cleaning concepts are arranged into twenty-four systems and evaluated for use as accident mitigating systems in LMFBR plants. Both single, low-leakage containment plants and once-through operation applicable to containment/confinement plants are considered. Plant characteristics affecting air cleaning requirements are defined for 1000 MW(e) plants and a sodium and radiological release term is postulated. The accident conditions under which the emergency air cleaning syste… more

Date: December 1, 1976

Creator: Hilliard, R. K.; McCormack, J. D. & Postma, A. K.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Direct in-vessel applications experiments at Harvard Air Cleaning Laboratory. Progress report, July 1, 1976--September 30, 1976. [Removal of LMFBR sodium fire aerosols]

No Description Available.

Date: October 1, 1976

Creator: Mallove, E. F.; Hinds, W. C. & First, M. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Containment and recovery system for fuel-reprocessing plants

Tritium containment and removal problems in a fuel-reprocessing plant are identified and conceptual process designs for reducing emissions to the environment to below 1 Ci/day are studied. The conceptual design recommended would allow an air atmosphere in the reprocessing-plant hall and would use a continuous-catalytic-oxidizer/molecular-sieve-adsorber cleanup system to maintain a 40-..mu..Ci/m/sup 3/ tritium level (5 ..mu..Ci/m/sup 3/ HTO) against 180 Ci/day leakage from components and process… more

Date: August 25, 1976

Creator: Galloway, T. R.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Direct in-vessel applications experiments at Harvard Air Cleaning Laboratory. Progress report, April 1, 1976--June 30, 1976. [Removal of LMFBR sodium fire aerosols]

The goal of direct application in-vessel air cleaning systems is to reduce the two hour integrated dose leaking from a containment vessel after a design basis accident by rapidly reducing airborne sodium aerosol concentration within the vessel. This reduction in concentration is achieved by direct action on the entire containment volume rather than by a more conventional recirculating clean-up loop. Strategies that have been evaluated include: increased sedimentation by enhanced agglomeration u… more

Date: July 1, 1976

Creator: Mallove, E. F.; Hinds, W. C. & First, M. W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Particulate and Iodine Removal Analysis for HTGR Containments

The removal of aerosol particles and iodine in the containment vessel of an HTGR following a loss-of-coolant accident was examined for two hypothetical accidents; the Design Basis Depressurization Accident (DBDA) and the Maximum Hypothetical Fission Product Release (MHFPR). Current containment cleanup system designs and others were evaluated. The HAARM-2 computer model was adapted to describe aerosol behavior and to predict the consequences of the postulated accidents and to predict the time de… more

Date: July 1976

Creator: Gieseke, J. A.; Schmidt, E. W.; Baybutt, P.; Jordan, H. & Postma, A. K.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Direct in-vessel applications experiments at Harvard Air Cleaning Laboratory. Progress report, January 1, 1976--March 31, 1976. [Removal of LMFBR sodium fire aerosols]

Experimental research on emergency direct in-vessel air cleaning systems for the LMFBR is described. Results which characterize the aerosol from 1 lb sodium pool fires made in a 90 m/sup 3/ chamber are presented. The effective use of turbulent agglomeration to enhance aerosol sedimentation is described. The composition of the aerosol as determined by atomic absorption and chemical tests is discussed. Results from small scale sodium aerosol scavenging tests are presented, anticipating large-scal… more

Date: May 1, 1976

Creator: Mallove, E. F. & First, M. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Ventilation systems analysis during tornado conditions. Progress report, July--December 1975. [Depressurization effects]

A review of some existing digital simulations of fluid systems, a brief description of the proposed generalized computer code, a description of, and results from, two solution techniques, and a sample test case ventilation system are presented. The review of some fluid system simulations covers methods and techniques for development of a more general digital solution technique than the successive substitution method used in previous analyses. The structure and organization of the computer code … more

Date: April 1, 1976

Creator: Gregory, W. S.; Duerre, K. H. & Bennett, G. A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Confinement of airborne radioactivity. Progress report: January--December 1976

Service aging studies conducted at the Savannah River Laboratory (SRL) show that Type GX-176 carbon has a useful life of at least 30 months as a halogen absorbent in the airborne-activity confinement system for the Savannah River production reactors. The studies also show that elemental iodine retention by this carbon at high temperature (180/sup 0/C) is more a function of the pH of the service-aged carbon than of the length of time in service. Type GX-176 carbon is a 10 x 16 mesh coconut shell… more

Date: January 1, 1976

Creator: Evans, A. G.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Effects of explosion-generated shock waves in ducts

An explosion in a space causes an increase in temperature and pressure. To quantify the challenge that will be presented to essential components in a ventilation system, it is necessary to analyze the dynamics of a shock wave generated by an explosion, with attention directed to the propagation of such a wave in a duct. Using the equations of unsteady flow and shock tube theory, a theoretical model has been formulated to provide flow properties behind moving shock waves that have interacted wit… more

Date: January 1, 1976

Creator: Busby, M. R.; Kahn, J. E. & Belk, J. P.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Inhomogeneous electric field air cleaner

For applications requiring the filtration of air contaminated with enriched uranium, plutonium or other transuranium compounds, it appears desirable to collect the material in a fashion more amenable to recovery than is now practical when material is collected on HEPA filters. In some instances, it may also be desirable to use an air cleaner of this type to substantially reduce the loading to which HEPA filters are subjected. A theoretical evaluation of such an air cleaner considers the interac… more

Date: January 1, 1976

Creator: Schuster, B. G.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Nuclear air cleaning handbook. Design, construction, and testing of high-efficiency air cleaning systems for nuclear application

The handbook is a revision of ORNL/NSIC-65. The purposes of the handbook are to summarize available information in a manner that is useful to the designer, to point out shortcomings in design and construction practice, and to provide guides and recommendations for the design of future systems. (TFD)

Date: January 1, 1976

Creator: Burchsted, C. A.; Kahn, J. E. & Fuller, A. B.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Penetration of HEPA filters by alpha recoil aerosols

Tests at Oak Ridge National Laboratory confirmed that alpha-emitting particulate matter does penetrate high-efficiency filter medium, identical to that used in HEPA filters, much more effectively than do non-radioactive or beta-gamma active aerosols. Filter retention efficiencies drastically lower than the 99.97 percent quoted for ordinary particulate matter have been observed with /sup 212/Pb, /sup 253/Es, and /sup 238/Pu sources, indicating that the phenomenon is common to all of these and pr… more

Date: January 1, 1976

Creator: McDowell, W. J.; Seeley, F. G. & Ryan, M. T.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Pressure transients across HEPA filters

Knowledge of HEPA filter effectiveness under various pressure transients is critical to maintaining and assuring nuclear plant safety. The facility now being constructed at New Mexico State University has been designed to provide information that can be used to predict the response of HEPA filters when subjected to various pressure transients.

Date: January 1, 1976

Creator: Gregory, W. S.; Smith, P. R.; Ricketts, C. & Reynolds, G.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Tornado depressurization and air cleaning systems

Results from analytical and experimental investigations of tornado depressurization effects on air cleaning systems are presented. Development and use of a computer code that simulates the internal pressures and flows within an arbitrary ventilation system is described. The formulation of fluid motion equations is based upon lumped component response, isothermal or adiabatic compression of air, and conservation of mass. A computer generated movie is shown illustrating the flows and pressures in… more

Date: January 1, 1976

Creator: Gregory, W. S.; Duerre, K. H.; Smith, P. R. & Andrae, R. W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department