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Analysis/control of in-bed tube erosion phenomena in the fluidized bed combustion (FBC) system. Quarterly report

Description: This technical report summarizes the research work performed and progress achieved during the period of October 1, 1995 to December 31, 1995. A series of material wastage tests was carried out on cooled AISI 1018 steel and three thermal-sprayed coating specimens at an elevated environmental temperature (3000{degrees}C) using a nozzle type erosion tester. Test conditions simulated the erosion conditions at the in-bed tubes of fluidized combustors (FBCs). Angular silica quartz particles of averag… more
Date: January 1, 1996
Creator: Lee, Seong W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Bed material agglomeration during fluidized bed combustion. Final report

Description: The purpose of this project is to determine the physical and chemical reactions which lead to the undesired agglomeration of bed material during fluidized bed combustion of coal and to relate these reactions to specific causes. A survey of agglomeration and deposit formation in industrial fluidized bed combustors (FBCs) indicate that at least five boilers were experiencing some form of bed material agglomeration. Deposit formation was reported at nine sites with deposits most commonly at coal f… more
Date: January 1, 1996
Creator: Brown, R.C.; Dawson, M.R. & Smeenk, J.L.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Control of trace metal emissions during coal combustion. Technical progress report, October 1, 1995--December 31, 1995

Description: Emissions of toxic trace metals in the form of metal fumes or submicron particulates from a coal-fired combustion source have received greater environmental and regulatory concern over the past years. Current practice of controlling these emissions is to collect them at the cold end of the process by air-pollution control devices such as electrostatic precipitators and baghouses. However, trace metal fumes may not always be effectively collected by these devices because the formed fumes are ext… more
Date: January 1, 1996
Creator: Ho, Thomas C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Fabrication of full-scale fiber-reinforced hot-gas filters by chemical vapor depostion. Final report, November 1, 1994 -- December 32, 1995

Description: The overall goal of this contract and its extensions has been to develop a hot gas candle filter which is light weight, has a thin wall, resists mechanical and thermal shock, and is resistive to alkali attack. A ceramic fiber reinforced, ceramic matrix composite approach has been followed to fabricate this new candle filter. Past reports covered the first test results of two ceramic composite candle filters at the Westinghouse Science and Technology Center in March of 1993, subsequent improveme… more
Date: January 1, 1996
Creator: Smith, R. G.; Eaton, J. H.; Pysher, D. J. & Leitheiser, M. A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Investigation of Heat Transfer and Combustion in the Advanced Fluidized Bed Combustor (FBC). Technical Progress Report No. 9 [October 1, 1995--December 31, 1995]

Description: This technical report summarizes the research performed and progress achieved during the period of October 1, 1995 to December 31, 1995. The measurements of gas flow in the advanced FBC test chamber (10 in. I.D.) was continued to better understand and utilize the fluid dynamics of gas and particle flows in the advanced FBC. Measurements showed that the gas flow field in the test chamber is characterized by strongly swirling flow in tangential direction and developing flow in axial and radial di… more
Date: January 1, 1996
Creator: Lee, Seong W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Pressure fluctuations as a diagnostic tool for fluidized beds. Technical progress report, July 1, 1995--September 30, 1995

Description: Comprehensive experimentation has been conducted to determine whether circulating fluidized bed (CFB) pressure fluctuations can be used to verify that similitude conditions in circulating fluidized beds have been achieved. Using two geometrically similar CFB models, pressure fluctuations were recorded while the full set of similitude parameters were matched under a broad range of operating conditions. The method of data acquisition and analysis is shown to be very important in order to observe … more
Date: January 1, 1996
Creator: Brown, R.C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

The role of pore structure on char reactivity. Quarterly progress report, [October--December 1995]

Description: In order to examine the role of pore structure, studies will be conducted on coal chars in the electrodynamic balance. Larger particles will also be examined using a fluidized bed to examine diffusion control reactions, and soots will also be investigated to examine the role of meso- and micro-pores without macro-pore interference. These studies will allow a full range of particles sizes and temperatures to be investigated and eventually modelled. The project has examined the effect of the pore… more
Date: January 1, 1996
Creator: Sarofim, A. F.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Development of methods to predict agglomeration and deposition in fluidized-bed combustion systems (FBCS). Topical report

Description: The successful design and operation of advanced combustion systems require the ability to control and mitigate ash-related problems. The major ash-related problems are slag flow control, slag attack on the refractory, ash deposition on heat-transfer surfaces, corrosion and erosion of equipment materials, and emissions control. These problems are the result of physical and chemical interactions of the fuels, bed materials, and system components. The interactions that take place and ultimately co… more
Date: February 1, 1996
Creator: Mann, Michael D.; Henderson, Ann K.; Swanson, Michael L. & Allan, Sean E.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Removal of H{sub 2}S and SO{sub 2} by CaCO{sub 3}-based sorbents at high pressures. Semiannual report, August 1995--January 1996

Description: In a fluidized-bed combustor, a bed of combustible (coal) and noncombustible material is fluidized using air blown upward. Using dolomite or limestone as the noncombustible material, it is possible to have fuel combustion and flue gas desulfurization taking place simultaneously in the combustion vessel. If operation occurs under atmospheric pressure, the average partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the combustor (typically, 10-15% of the total pressure) is considerably lower than the equilibri… more
Date: February 1, 1996
Creator: Sotirchos, S.V.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Chaotic behavior control in fluidized bed systems using artificial neural network. Quarterly progress report, October 1, 1996--December 31, 1996

Description: Pressurized fluidized-bed combustors (FBC) are becoming very popular, efficient, and environmentally acceptable replica for conventional boilers in Coal-fired and chemical plants. In this paper, we present neural network-based methods for chaotic behavior monitoring and control in FBC systems, in addition to chaos analysis of FBC data, in order to localize chaotic modes in them. Both of the normal and abnormal mixing processes in FBC systems are known to undergo chaotic behavior. Even though, t… more
Date: February 27, 1996
Creator: Bodruzzaman, M. & Essawy, M.A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Co-firing high sulfur coal with refuse derived fuels. Technical progress report No. 6, January--March 1996

Description: The objectives for this quarter of study on the co-firing of high sulfur coals with refuse derived fuels were two-fold. First, the effects of different experimental parameters such as temperature, flow rates and reaction times on the formation of chlorinated organic compounds were studied using the tubular furnace as a reactor followed by GC/MS analysis. Secondly, the effect of fuel/air ratio on the flue gas composition and combustion efficiency were studied with the AFBC system.
Date: February 29, 1996
Creator: Pan, W. P.; Riley, J. T. & Lloyd, W. G.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Volatiles combustion in fluidized beds. Final technical report, 4 September 1992--4 June 1995

Description: The goal of this project is to investigate the conditions in which volatiles will burn within both the dense and freeboard regions of fluidized beds. Experiments using a fluidized bed operated at incipient fluidization are being conducted to characterize the effect of particle surface area, initial fuel concentration, and particle type on the inhibition of volatiles within a fluidized bed. A review of the work conducted under this grant is presented in this Final Technical Report. Both experime… more
Date: February 29, 1996
Creator: Pendergrass, R. A., II; Raffensperger, C. & Hesketh, R. P.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

AFBC co-firing of coal and hospital waste. Quarterly report, August--October 1995

Description: The project objective is to design, construct, install provide operator training and start-up a circulating fluidized bed combustion system at the Lebanon Pennsylvania Veteran`s Affairs Medical Center. This unit will co-fire coal and hospital waste providing lower cost steam for heating and possibly cooling (absorption chiller) and operation of a steam turbine-generator for limited power generation. This would permit full capacity operation of the FBC year round in spite of the VA laundry that … more
Date: March 1, 1996
Creator: Stuart, J. M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

AFBC co-firing of coal and hospital waste. Quarterly report, November 1995--January 1996

Description: The project objective is to design, construct, install provide operator training and start-up a circulating fluidized bed combustion system at the Lebanon Pennsylvania Veteran`s Affairs Medical Center. This unit will co-fire coal and hospital waste providing lower cost steam for heating and possibly cooling (absorption chiller) and operation of a steam turbine-generator for limited power generation while providing efficient destruction of both general and infectious hospital waste. Operating pe… more
Date: March 1, 1996
Creator: Stuart, J. M.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Sulfur removal in advanced two stage pressurized fluidized bed combustion. Technical report, December 1, 1994--February 28, 1995

Description: The objective of this study is to obtain data on the rates and the extent of sulfation reactions involving partially sulfided calcium-based sorbents, and oxygen as well as sulfur dioxide, at operating conditions closely simulating those prevailing in the second stage (combustor) of Advanced Two-Stage Pressurized Fluidized-Bed Combustors (PFBC). In these systems the CO{sub 2} partial pressure generally exceeds the equilibrium value for calcium carbonate decomposition. Therefore, calcium sulfate … more
Date: March 1, 1996
Creator: Abbasian, J.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Use of fluidized bed combustion by-products for liners and alkali substitutes. Technical report, December 1, 1994--February 28, 1995

Description: Fluidized Bed Combustion (FBC) of coal eliminates most emissions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides, but produces sizable volumes of a solid residue that EPA may require to be placed in capped and lined landfills. Fluidized Bed Combustors are one of the most promising growth markets for Illinois coal and imposing cap and liner requirements would render the technology economically inviable. Fluidized Bed residues are cement-like and when mixed with soil produce a material as impermeable as the clay l… more
Date: March 1, 1996
Creator: Paul, B.C.; Esling, S.; Pisani, F. & Wells, T.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Iterative prediction of chaotic time series using a recurrent neural network. Quarterly progress report, January 1, 1995--March 31, 1995

Description: Chaotic systems are known for their unpredictability due to their sensitive dependence on initial conditions. When only time series measurements from such systems are available, neural network based models are preferred due to their simplicity, availability, and robustness. However, the type of neural network used should be capable of modeling the highly non-linear behavior and the multi- attractor nature of such systems. In this paper we use a special type of recurrent neural network called th… more
Date: March 31, 1996
Creator: Bodruzzaman, M. & Essawy, M.A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Analysis/Control of in-Bed Tube Erosion Phenomena in the Fluidized Bed Combustion (FBC) System. Technical Progress Report No. 14, [January 1, 1996--March 31, 1996]

Description: The material wastage tests were continued to analyze erosion phenomena under the simulated erosion conditions of in-bed tubes in fluidized bed combustors. AISI 1018 steel and three thermal sprayed coating specimens were tested at an elevated temperature (300{degrees}C) using nozzle type erosion tester. Bed ashes retrieved from the operating biomass-fired boiler were used for erodent particles at a particle loading of 375 g, at particle impact angle of 30{degrees}, at particle velocity 60 m/s fo… more
Date: April 1, 1996
Creator: Lee, Seong W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Combustion of municipal solid wastes with oil shale in a circulating fluidized bed. Quarterly report ending March 31, 1996

Description: This document contains a progress report for the Project Description of Grant No. DE-FG01-94CE15612, {open_quotes}Develop a Combustion of Municipal Solid Waste with Oil Shale in Circulating Fluidized Bed{close_quotes}, dated September 2, 1994. The Project Description lists and describes six tasks, four of which are complete, and two others nearing completion. A summary of progress on each task is presented in this report.
Date: April 1, 1996
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Investigation of Heat Transfer and Combustion in the Advanced Fluidized Bed Combustor (FBC). Technical Progress Report No. 10, [January 1, 1996--March 31, 1996]

Description: This technical report summarizes the research performed and progress achieved during the period of January 1, 1996 to March 31, 1996. Numerical modeling and simulation on the gas velocity and pressure were performed to understand swirling, recirculating, turbulent flow in the test chamber. The flow pattern and the pressure profiles were predicted. At the bottom of the chamber, the velocity at the center is greater than that of the wall region. When the secondary air is injected into the chamber… more
Date: April 1, 1996
Creator: Lee, Seong W.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Neural Network Based Montioring and Control of Fluidized Bed.

Description: The goal of this project was to develop chaos analysis and neural network-based modeling techniques and apply them to the pressure-drop data obtained from the Fluid Bed Combustion (FBC) system (a small scale prototype model) located at the Federal Energy Technology Center (FETC)-Morgantown. The second goal was to develop neural network-based chaos control techniques and provide a suggestive prototype for possible real-time application to the FBC system. The experimental pressure data were colle… more
Date: April 1, 1996
Creator: Bodruzzaman, M. & Essawy, M.A.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Task 4 -- Conversion to a coal-fueled advanced turbine system (CFATS)

Description: Solar is developing the technologies for a highly efficient, recuperated, Advanced Turbine System (ATS) that is aimed at the dispersed power generation market. With ultra-low-emissions in mind the primary fuel selected for this engine system is natural gas. Although this gas fired ATS (GFATS) will primarily employ natural gas the use of other fuels particular those derived from coal and renewable resources cannot be overlooked. The enabling technologies necessary to direct fire coal in gas turb… more
Date: April 15, 1996
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Pressure fluctuations as a diagnostic tool for fluidized beds. Technical progress report, January 1, 1996--March 31, 1996

Description: Additional pressure fluctuation data was recorded from the ISU power plants two CFB boilers. Absolute pressure fluctuations were measured immediately above the distributor nozzles and near the top of the CFB boilers. The fluctuations measured near the bottom of the bed exhibit a highly oscillatory (0.25-0.3 Hz) phenomena. This {open_quotes}square wave{close_quotes} pressure signal is observed at all times of the day and under different boiler loadings. Steps were taken to insure that abasing wa… more
Date: April 20, 1996
Creator: Brown, R.C.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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