28 Matching Results

Search Results

Advanced search parameters have been applied.

in subjects: "Biochemical Oxygen Demand"

open access

Analysis of time dependent factors leading to anoxic conditions within the Middle Atlantic Bight during 1976

Steady state considerations of the annual organic loading from primary production, river runoff, and waste disposal to coastal waters of New York and New Jersey suggest that 10 times more carbon is introduced than can be oxidized. Anoxic bottom water should be a permanent feature of these coastal waters under such steady state assumptions. Concentration of near bottom dissolved oxygen decreases during the summer with onset of vertical stratification in the New York Bight but history indicates v… more

Date: January 1, 1976

Creator: Barvenik, F W; Dagg, M J; Judkins, D C; Scott, J T; Tingle, A G; Walsh, J J et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Treatment of biomass gasification wastewater using a combined wet air oxidation/activated sludge process

A lab-scale treatability study for using thermal and biological oxidation to treat a biomass gasification wastewater (BGW) having a chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 46,000 mg/l is described. Wet air oxidation (WA0) at 300/sup 0/C and 13.8 MPa (2000 psi) was used to initially treat the BGW and resulted in a COD reduction of 74%. This was followed by conventional activated sludge treatment using operating conditions typical of municipal sewage treatment plants. This resulted in an additional 95% C… more

Date: February 1, 1983

Creator: English, C.J.; Petty, S.E. & Sklarew, D.S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Preliminary report to IDOE on the possible effects of the Ceratium tripos bloom, in the New York Bight, March--July 1976. [Effects of dinoflagellate respiration on rate of oxygen depletion]

From March to July 1976, the occurrence of a subsurface chlorophyll a maximum at a depth of ca. 30m, over a large area of the New York Bight, extending from the eastern end of Long Island, New York to southern New Jersey, was attributed, in large part, to the predominance of the dinoflagellate, Ceratium tripos. Direct evidence from field observations indicates the organism is capable of reducing inorganic carbon, in the presence of light, and has light-independent nitrate reductase activity. Ho… more

Date: January 1, 1976

Creator: Falkowski, P G & Howe, S O

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Biological conversion of biomass to methane, the effect of reactor design on kinetics

An experimental program was conducted to evaluate the effect of reactor type on methane production. This study showed that if a balanced population of organisms can be maintained in the initial stage, multi-stage fermentation is more efficient than a complex mix system. However, when the system is stressed, failure in the multi-stage system is more rapid. If the objective is to maximize the conversion of solids to methane, a staged system will produce more methane per unit volume of reactor. If… more

Date: December 1, 1977

Creator: Geisser, H R & Pfeffer, J T

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Development of superior liquid coolants CCF-1. Semiannual technical progress report for September 1, 1978-February 28, 1979

This semiannual report summarizes the results of physical property testing, FHSA toxicity testing and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) testing on five solar heat transfer fluids. The status of solar collector stagnation testing at New Mexico State University on four solar heat transfer fluids is reviewed. Cost effectiveness will be evaluated from the results of these and other tests yet to be undertaken, including stagnation performance in solar collectors. This economic evaluation will be presen… more

Date: February 28, 1979

Creator: Hodges, R M & Marinik, J A

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Energy and protein production from pulp mill wastes

Research efforts during the past quarter have centered on increasing yeast protein production using ozonated spent sulfite liquor (SSL) and improving the biodegradability of SSL by ultrasonic treatments. Continuous-flow fermentation experiments demonstrated the suitability of ozonated SSL as a substrate for Torula yeast growth. Yeast yields averaging between 2.0--2.2 g/l of SSL were obtained at the optimum retention time of 1.8 days. This contrasts to yeast production rates of 4.8--5.0 g/l of S… more

Date: March 15, 1978

Creator: Jurgensen, M. F. & Patton, J. T.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Energy and protein production from pulp mill wastes. Annual report, June 15, 1977--June 15, 1978

Studies on desugared spent sulfite liquor, DSSL, subjected to ozonation indicate that this complex organic substrate in water solution reacts readily with ozone to produce lower molecular weight organic fragments which can be metabolized by a variety of microorganisms. Ozone uptake is complete up to approximately 15 g/l and results in an increase of 35% BOD and a reduction of 16% COD. The production of BOD is pH dependent with a maximum occurring at aroung pH 3. The production of methane via fe… more

Date: June 15, 1978

Creator: Jurgensen, M. F. & Patton, J. T.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Energy and protein production from pulp mill wastes. Final report, 15 Jun 1976-14 Jun 1979

The goal of this research was to convert the organics and sulfur in sulfite spent liquor (SSL) now classified as pollutants from sulfite pulp mills, into synthetic methane and protein by means of a combination chemical-biological process. Ozonization was used to break the high molecular weight lignosulfonate molecules present in SSL into lower weight fractions which could be metabolized by methane-producing bacteria and protein-producing yeast. Ozonization experiments showed that this treatment… more

Date: June 14, 1979

Creator: Jurgensen, M. F. & Patton, J. T.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

In situ global method for measurement of oxygen demand and mass transfer

Two aerobic microorganisms, Saccharomycopsis lipolytica and Brevibacterium lactofermentum, have been used in a study of mass transfer and oxygen uptake from a global perspective using a closed gas system. Oxygen concentrations in the gas and liquid were followed using oxygen electrodes, and the results allowed for easy calculation of in situ oxygen transport. The cell yields on oxygen for S. lipolytica and B. lactofermentum were 1.01 and 1.53 g/g respectively. The mass transfer coefficient was … more

Date: May 1, 1997

Creator: Klasson, K.T.; Lundbaeck, K.M.O.; Clausen, E.C. & Gaddy, J.L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Task 17 - Use of Acoustic Energy and Humic Acids to Mobilize DNAPLS from the Subsurface

Contamination of the subsurface with dense nonaqueous-phase liquids (DNAPLs) is common throughout the US, especially at Department of Defense (DOD) and Department of Energy (DOE) sites. These compounds are difficult to remove, as they are poorly soluble in water and tend to stay in pools or sorb strongly to aquifer materials because of their cohesiveness and nonpolarity. Pump and treat is a technology application that offers remediation and contaminant plume containment. However, because of poo… more

Date: November 1, 1998

Creator: Kurz, Marc D. & Gallagher, John R.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Evaluation of effects of phenol recovery on biooxidation and tertiary treatment of SRC-I wastewater. Final technical report

Addition of phenol recovery to the wastewater treatment scheme in the Baseline Design for the SRC-I Demonstration Plant was evaluated as a major post-Baseline effort. Phenol recovery affects many downstream processes, but this study was designed to assess primarily its effects on biooxidation and subsequent tertiary treatment. Two parallel treatment schemes were set up, one to treat dephenolated wastewaters and the other for processed nondephenolated wastewaters, a simulation of the Baseline De… more

Date: September 1, 1983

Creator: Mitchell, J. W.; Watt, J. C.; Cowan, W. F. & Schuyler, S. E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Brookhaven National Laboratory Site Environmental Report for Calendar Year 1994.

This report documents the results of the Environmental Monitoring Program at Brookhaven National Laboratory and presents summary information about environmental compliance for 1994. To evaluate the effect of Brookhaven National Laboratory's operations on the local environment, measurements of direct radiation, and a variety of radionuclides and chemical compounds in ambient air, soil, sewage effluent, surface water, groundwater, fauna and vegetation were made at the Brookhaven National Laborato… more

Date: May 1, 1995

Creator: Naidu, J. R. & Royce, B. A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Anaerobic biological treatment of in-situ retort water

Anaerobic fermentation was successfully used in a laboratory-scale batch digester to remove soluble organics from retort water. Required pretreatment includes reduction of ammonia levels to 360 mg-N/l, pH adjustment to 7.0, sulfide control, and the addition of the nutrients, calcium, magnesium, and phoshorus. If the prescribed pretreatment is used, BOD/sub 5/ and COD removal efficiencies of 89 to 90% and 65 to 70% are achieved, respectively.

Date: March 1, 1980

Creator: Ossio, E. & Fox, P.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Anaerobic fermentation of simulated in-situ oil shale retort water

The feasibility of removing soluble organics from oil shale retort water by anaerobic digestion with methane production was experimentally investigated. The following conclusions were made. The retort water studied had to be pretreated to remove toxic and add deficient constituents before it could be successfully treated with the anaerobic fermentation process. Pretreatment included pH adjustment to 7, ammonia reduction, and nutrient addition. A digested sludge from a conventional municipal sew… more

Date: November 1, 1977

Creator: Ossio, E. A.; Fox, J. P.; Thomas, J. F. & Poulson, R. E.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

A Membrane Process for Recycling Die Lube from Wastewater Solutions

An active-surface membrane technology was used to separate a die lube manufacturing wastewater stream consisting of various oils, hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and silicones. The ultrafiltration membranes reduced organics from initial oil and grease contents by 20�25X, carbon oxygen demand (COD) by 1.5 to 2X, and total organic carbon (TOC) by 0.6, while the biological oxygen demand (BOD) remained constant. The active-surface membranes were not fouled as badly as non-active-surface systems and the… more

Date: April 30, 2003

Creator: Peterson, E. S.; Trudeau, J.; Cleary, B.; Hackett, M. & Greene, W. A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

A Membrane Process for Recycling Die Lube from Wastewater Solutions

An active-surface membrane technology was used to separate a die lube manufacturing wastewater stream consisting of various oils, hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and silicones. The ultrafiltration membranes reduced organics from initial oil and grease contents by 20–25X, carbon oxygen demand (COD) by 1.5 to 2X, and total organic carbon (TOC) by 0.6, while the biological oxygen demand (BOD) remained constant. The active-surface membranes were not fouled as badly as non-active-surface systems and the… more

Date: April 1, 2003

Creator: Peterson, Eric S.; Trudeau, Jessica; Cleary, Bill; Hackett, Michael & Greene, William A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Biological conversion of biomass to methane. Quarterly progress report, June 1--September 30, 1977

During the past quarter, work has continued on the use of beef feed lot manure for the production of methane. Additional data were collected on the operation of the fermentors at thermophilic temperatures. Data were also collected at the mesophilic temperature. A considerable effort has been expended on characterizing the reactor effluent and evaluating the dewatering characteristics of the reactor slurry. Evaluation of the type of reactor on methane yields have continued. Data were collected o… more

Date: October 1, 1977

Creator: Pfeffer, J T

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Impact of alfalfa on soil and water quality

Dominance of row crop agriculture in rolling landscapes of western and Southwestern Minnesota is identified as a primary, non-point source of sediments and associated pollutants reaching the Minnesota River. Currently as a biomass energy project, alfalfa is being promoted in western Minnesota to harvest the leaves for animal feed and stems to generate electricity. As a perennial, leguminous crop grown with minimum inputs, introduction of alfalfa in row cropped lands has potential to improve bot… more

Date: October 30, 1997

Creator: Sharma, P.; Moncrief, J. & Gupta, S.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

San Joaquin River Up-Stream DO TMDL Project Task 4: MonitoringStudy Interim Task Report #3

The purpose of the Dissolved Oxygen Total Maximum Daily LoadProject (DO TMDLProject) is to provide a comprehensive understanding ofthe sources and fate of oxygen consuming materials in the San JoaquinRiver (SJR) watershed between Channel Point and Lander Avenue (upstreamSJR). When completed, this study will provide the stakeholders anunderstanding of the baseline conditions of the basin, provide input foran allocation decision, and provide the stakeholders with a tool formeasuring the impact of… more

Date: March 30, 2007

Creator: Stringfellow, William; Borglin, Sharon; Dahlgren, Randy; Hanlon,Jeremy; Graham, Justin; Burks, Remie et al.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Characteristics of Produced Water Discharged to the Gulf of Mexico Hypoxiczone.

Each summer, an area of low dissolved oxygen (the hypoxic zone) forms in the shallow nearshore Gulf of Mexico waters from the Mississippi River Delta westward to near the Texas/Louisiana border. Most scientists believe that the leading contributor to the hypoxic zone is input of nutrients (primarily nitrogen and phosphorus compounds) from the Mississippi and Atchafalaya Rivers. The nutrients stimulate growth of phytoplankton. As the phytoplankton subsequently die, they fall to the bottom waters… more

Date: August 24, 2005

Creator: Veil, J. A.; Kimmell, T. A. & Rechner, A. C.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Continuous biodegradation of waste xylene

Use of selected microorganisms for the degradation and/or detoxification of hazardous organic compounds is gaining wide acceptance as an alternative waste treatment technology. The INEL Biotechnology Unit is developing the technology for the in-plant treatment of waste industrial solvents. The work centers around the use of microorganisms specially selected for their ability to degrade common industrial solvents such as benzene, toluene, xylene, etc. Because these waste solvents are often conta… more

Date: January 1, 1990

Creator: Wolfram, J. H.; Rogers, R. D.; Higdem, D. M. & Nowers, D. A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Contribution of thiosulfate to COD and BOD in oil shale process wastewater

Thiosulfate accounted for a significant portion of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) (7 to 20%) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (14 to 41%) of the four oil shale process waters studied. As such, accurate measurement of the thiosulfate oxygen demand of retort water is critical in assessing its environmental impacts on receiving waters and in designing biological treatment systems to treat it. The contribution of thiosulfate to the COD of oil shale retort waters can be accurately measured in a… more

Date: January 1, 1979

Creator: Wong, A. L. & Mercer, B. W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Water Quality Trends in the Entiat River Subbasin: Final Annual Report to BPA and NOAA Fisheries, 2008.

The Integrated Status and Effectiveness Monitoring Project (ISEMP) program monitors the status and trend of water quality elements that may affect restoration project effectiveness in the Entiat subbasin. As part of this effort, the PNW Research Station (PNW) measures, analyzes and interprets temporal trends in natural stream water pH, dissolved oxygen, specific conductance and temperature. The Entiat River is currently on the Clean Water Act 303(d) list for pH exceedence, and there is insuffic… more

Date: March 11, 2008

Creator: Woodsmith, Richard & Bookter, Andy

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Discriminating between west-side sources of nutrients and organiccarbon contributing to algal growth and oxygen demand in the San JoaquinRiver

The purpose of this study was to investigate the Salt and Mud Slough tributaries as sources of oxygen demanding materials entering the San Joaquin River (SJR). Mud Slough and Salt Slough are the main drainage arteries of the Grasslands Watershed, a 370,000-acre area west of the SJR, covering portions of Merced and Fresno Counties. Although these tributaries of the SJR are typically classified as agricultural, they are also heavily influenced by Federal, State and private wetlands. The majority … more

Date: July 24, 2002

Creator: Wstringfellow@lbl.gov

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department