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in creator/contributor: "Oldenburg, C.M."

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Brine flow up a borehole caused by pressure perturbation from CO2 storage: Static and dynamic evaluations

Industrial-scale storage of CO{sub 2} in saline sedimentary basins will cause zones of elevated pressure, larger than the CO{sub 2} plume itself. If permeable conduits (e.g., leaking wells) exist between the injection reservoir and overlying shallow aquifers, brine could be pushed upwards along these conduits and mix with groundwater resources. This paper discusses the potential for such brine leakage to occur in temperature- and salinity-stratified systems. Using static mass-balance calculatio… more

Date: May 1, 2011

Creator: Birkholzer, J.T.; Nicot, J.-P.; Oldenburg, C.M.; Zhou, Q.; Kraemer, S. & Bandilla, K.W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Experimental investigation of magnetically driven flow of ferrofluids in porous media

This report presents experimental results of the flow of ferrofluids in porous media to investigate the potential for precisely controlling fluid emplacement in porous media using magnetic fields. Ferrofluids are colloidal suspensions of magnetic particles stabilized in various carrier liquids. In the presence of an external magnetic field, the ferrofluid becomes magnetized as the particles align with the magnetic field. Potential applications of ferrofluids to subsurface contamination problems… more

Date: August 1, 1998

Creator: Borglin, S.E.; Moridis, G.J. & Oldenburg, C.M.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Mathematical modeling of permeation grouting and subsurface barrier performance

The injection of solution grouts into the subsurface can be used to form underground barriers for the containment of contaminants. The technology requires identifying suitable grout materials, specifically fluids which exhibit a large increase in viscosity after injection and eventually solidify after a controllable period, thus sealing permeable zones. The authors have developed a new fluid property module for the reservoir simulator TOUGH2 to model grout injection, taking into account the inc… more

Date: September 1, 1996

Creator: Finsterle, S.; Oldenburg, C. M.; James, A. L.; Pruess, K. & Moridis, G. J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Aqueous and gaseous nitrogen losses induced by fertilizer application

In recent years concern has grown over the contribution of nitrogen (N) fertilizer use to nitrate (NO{sub 3}{sup -}) water pollution and nitrous oxide (N{sub 2}O), nitric oxide (NO), and ammonia (NH{sub 3}) atmospheric pollution. Characterizing soil N effluxes is essential in developing a strategy to mitigate N leaching and emissions to the atmosphere. In this paper, a previously described and tested mechanistic N cycle model (TOUGHREACT-N) was successfully tested against additional observation… more

Date: January 15, 2009

Creator: Gu, C.; Maggi, F.; Riley, W. J.; Hornberger, G. M.; Xu, T.; Oldenburg, C. M. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Leakage Risk Assessment for a Potential CO2 Storage Project in Saskatchewan, Canada

A CO{sub 2} sequestration project is being considered to (1) capture CO{sub 2} emissions from the Consumers Cooperative Refineries Limited at Regina, Saskatchewan and (2) geologically sequester the captured CO{sub 2} locally in a deep saline aquifer. This project is a collaboration of several industrial and governmental organizations, including the Petroleum Technology Research Centre (PTRC), Sustainable Development Technology Canada (SDTC), SaskEnvironment Go Green Fund, SaskPower, CCRL, Schlu… more

Date: May 1, 2011

Creator: Houseworth, J.E.; Oldenburg, C.M.; Mazzoldi, A.; Gupta, A.K.; Nicot, J.-P. & Bryant, S.L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Enhanced data analysis for the VZMS: Conceptual model design and initial application for the Vadose Zone Monitoring System (VZMS), McClellan AFB. 1998 semi-annual report

The VZMS project at McClellan AFB involves both vadose zone data collection as well as enhanced data analysis. The purpose of enhanced data analysis is to develop conceptual models to carry out model validation and evaluation, as well as sensitivity and predictive modeling studies. Enhanced data analysis consists primarily of T2VOC forward simulations and ITOUGH2 inverse modeling. The methodology the authors employ in the VZMS project involves developing a conceptual model and iteratively updat… more

Date: June 14, 1998

Creator: James, A. L. & Oldenburg, C. M.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Site S-7 Representative Model and Application for the Vadose Zone Monitoring System (VZMS) McClellan AFB - 1998 Semi-Annual Report

Vadose zone data collection and enhanced data analysis are continuing for the Vadose Zone Monitoring System (VZMS) installed at site S-7 in IC 34 at McClellan MB. Data from core samples from boreholes drilled in 1998 and from VZMS continuous monitoring are evaluated and compared to previously collected data and analyses. The suite of data collected to date is used to develop and constrain a spatially averaged, one-dimensional site S-7 representative model that is implemented into T2VOC. Testing… more

Date: December 1, 1998

Creator: James, A. L. & Oldenburg, C. M.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Measuring and Modeling Fault Density for Plume-Fault Encounter Probability Estimation

Emission of carbon dioxide from fossil-fueled power generation stations contributes to global climate change. Storage of this carbon dioxide within the pores of geologic strata (geologic carbon storage) is one approach to mitigating the climate change that would otherwise occur. The large storage volume needed for this mitigation requires injection into brine-filled pore space in reservoir strata overlain by cap rocks. One of the main concerns of storage in such rocks is leakage via faults. In … more

Date: May 15, 2011

Creator: Jordan, P.D.; Oldenburg, C.M. & Nicot, J.-P.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Eddy covariance observations of surface leakage during shallow subsurface CO2 releases

We tested the ability of eddy covariance (EC) to detect, locate, and quantify surface CO{sub 2} flux leakage signals within a background ecosystem. For 10 days starting on 07/09/2007, and for seven days starting on 08/03/2007, 0.1 (Release 1) and 0.3 (Release 2) t CO{sub 2}d{sup -1}, respectively, were released from a horizontal well {approx}100 m in length and {approx}2.5 m in depth located in an agricultural field in Bozeman, MT. An EC station measured net CO{sub 2} flux (F{sub c}) from 06/08… more

Date: April 1, 2009

Creator: Lewicki, J. L.; Hilley, G. E.; Fischer, M. L.; Pan, L.; Oldenburg, C. M.; Dobeck, L. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Origin of the patchy emission pattern at the ZERT CO2 Release Test

A numerical experiment was carried out to test whether the patchy CO{sub 2} emission patterns observed at the ZERT release facility are caused by the presence of packers that divide the horizontal injection well into six CO2-injection zones. A three-dimensional model of the horizontal well and cobble-soil system was developed and simulations using TOUGH2/EOS7CA were carried out. Simulation results show patchy emissions for the seven-packer (six-injection-zone) configuration of the field test. N… more

Date: October 15, 2009

Creator: Lewicki, J. L.; Pan, L.; Dobeck, L.; Spangler, L. & Oldenburg, C. M.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Analytical solution for Joule-Thomson cooling during CO2 geo-sequestration in depleted oil and gas reservoirs

Mathematical tools are needed to screen out sites where Joule-Thomson cooling is a prohibitive factor for CO{sub 2} geo-sequestration and to design approaches to mitigate the effect. In this paper, a simple analytical solution is developed by invoking steady-state flow and constant thermophysical properties. The analytical solution allows fast evaluation of spatiotemporal temperature fields, resulting from constant-rate CO{sub 2} injection. The applicability of the analytical solution is demons… more

Date: May 21, 2010

Creator: Mathias, S.A.; Gluyas, J.G.; Oldenburg, C.M. & Tsang, C.-F.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Theoretical and experimental investigations of ferrofluids for guiding and detecting liquids in the subsurface. FY 1997 annual report

Ferrofluids are stable colloidal suspensions of magnetic particles in various carrier liquids with high saturation magnetizations, which can be manipulated in virtually any fashion, defying gravitational or viscous forces in response to external magnetic fields. In this report, the authors review the results of their investigation of the potential of ferrofluids (1) to accurately and effectively guide reactants (for in-situ treatment) or barrier liquids (low-viscosity permeation grouts) to cont… more

Date: March 1, 1998

Creator: Moridis, G.J.; Borglin, S.E.; Oldenburg, C.M. & Becker, A.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Pressure perturbations from geologic carbon sequestration: Area-of-review boundaries and borehole leakage driving forces

We investigate the possibility that brine could be displaced upward into potable water through wells. Because of the large volumes of CO2 to be injected, the influence of the zone of elevated pressure on potential conduits such as well boreholes could extend many kilometers from the injection site-farther than the CO2 plume itself. The traditional approach to address potential brine leakage related to fluid injection is to set an area of fixed radius around the injection well/zone and to examin… more

Date: July 1, 2009

Creator: Nicot, J.-P.; Oldenburg, C.M.; Bryant, S.L. & Hovorka, S.D.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Comparison of scale analysis and numerical simulation for saturated zone convective mixing processes

Scale analysis can be used to predict a variety of quantities arising from natural systems where processes are described by partial differential equations. For example, scale analysis can be applied to estimate the effectiveness of convective missing on the dilution of contaminants in groundwater. Scale analysis involves substituting simple quotients for partial derivatives and identifying and equating the dominant terms in an order-of-magnitude sense. For free convection due to sidewall heatin… more

Date: June 1, 1998

Creator: Oldenburg, C. M.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Welcome to Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology: Editorial

This editorial introduces readers and contributors to a new online journal. Through the publication of articles ranging from peer-reviewed research papers and short communications, to editorials and interviews on greenhouse gas emissions science and technology, this journal will disseminate research results and information that address the global crisis of anthropogenic climate change. The scope of the journal includes the full spectrum of research areas from capture and separation of greenhous… more

Date: February 1, 2011

Creator: Oldenburg, C. M. & Maroto-Valer, M. M.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Numerical simulation of coupled flow and transport with TOUGH2: A verification study

We have tested T2DM, the dispersion module of TOUGH2, on two classic flow problems: (1) the seawater intrusion problem of Henry (1964); and (2) the pure solutal free convection problem of Elder (1967). T2DM produces results in agreement with prior work for similar spatial discretizations. In the Henry problem, finer spatial discretization allows the seawater tongue to penetrate slightly farther without affecting the overall flow dynamics. In the strongly coupled pure solutal free convection pro… more

Date: October 1, 1994

Creator: Oldenburg, C. M. & Pruess, K.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

A two-dimensional dispersion module for the TOUGH2 simulator

A standard model for hydrodynamic dispersion has been added to TOUGH2- The dispersion model, intended for use with the EOS7 fluid properties module, accounts for the effects of hydrodynamic dispersion and molecular diffusion in two-dimensional rectangular domains. Because the model.requires Darcy velocity and species concentration gradient vectors at all connections, known vector components (perpendicular to the grid block interfaces) from neighboring connections are interpolated to form the un… more

Date: September 1, 1993

Creator: Oldenburg, C. M. & Pruess, K.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

On the development of MP-TOUGH2

The authors are developing MP-TOUGH2 for exploiting massively parallel computers. The goals of this effort are to (1) create a data-parallel subsurface transport code for solving larger problems than currently practical on workstations, (2) write portable code that can take advantage of scalability to run on machines with more processors, and (3) minimize the necessity for additional validation and verification of the resulting code. The initial strategy they have followed is to focus on optimi… more

Date: February 1, 1995

Creator: Oldenburg, C. M.; Hinkins, R. L.; Moridis, G. J. & Pruess, K.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Economic Feasibility of Carbon Sequestration with Enhanced Gas Recovery (CSEGR)

Prior reservoir simulation and laboratory studies have suggested that injecting carbon dioxide into mature natural gas reservoirs for carbon sequestration with enhanced gas recovery (CSEGR) is technically feasible. Reservoir simulations show that the high density of carbon dioxide can be exploited to favor displacement of methane with limited gas mixing by injecting carbon dioxide in low regions of a reservoir while producing from higher regions in the reservoir. Economic sensitivity analysis o… more

Date: February 26, 2003

Creator: Oldenburg, C. M.; Stevens, S. H. & Benson, S. M.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

On leakage and seepage from geological carbon sequestration sites

Geologic carbon sequestration is one strategy for reducing the rate of increase of global atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2} ) concentrations (IEA, 1997; Reichle, 2000). As used here, the term geologic carbon sequestration refers to the direct injection of supercritical CO{sub 2} deep into subsurface target formations. These target formations will typically be either depleted oil and gas reservoirs, or brine-filled permeable formations referred to here as brine formations. Injected CO{sub 2}… more

Date: July 18, 2002

Creator: Oldenburg, C. M.; Unger, A. J. A.; Hepple, R. P. & Jordan, P. D.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Geologic carbon sequestration as a global strategy to mitigate CO2 emissions: Sustainability and environmental risk

Fossil fuels are abundant, inexpensive to produce, and are easily converted to usable energy by combustion as demonstrated by mankind's dependence on fossil fuels for over 80% of its primary energy supply (13). This reliance on fossil fuels comes with the cost of carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) emissions that exceed the rate at which CO{sub 2} can be absorbed by terrestrial and oceanic systems worldwide resulting in increases in atmospheric CO{sub 2} concentration as recorded by direct measurements … more

Date: April 1, 2011

Creator: Oldenburg, C.M.

Item Type: Book

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Health, safety, and environmental risks from energy production: A year-long reality check

Large-scale carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) offers the benefit of reducing CO{sub 2} emissions and thereby mitigating climate change risk, but it will also bring its own health, safety, and environmental risks. Curtis M. Oldenburg, Editor-in-Chief, considers these risks in the context of the broader picture of energy production. Over the last year, there have been major acute health, safety, and environmental (HSE) consequences related to accidents involving energy production from ever… more

Date: April 1, 2011

Creator: Oldenburg, C.M.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Improved understanding of geologic CO{sub 2} storage processes requires risk-driven field experiments

The need for risk-driven field experiments for CO{sub 2} geologic storage processes to complement ongoing pilot-scale demonstrations is discussed. These risk-driven field experiments would be aimed at understanding the circumstances under which things can go wrong with a CO{sub 2} capture and storage (CCS) project and cause it to fail, as distinguished from accomplishing this end using demonstration and industrial scale sites. Such risk-driven tests would complement risk-assessment efforts that… more

Date: June 1, 2011

Creator: Oldenburg, C.M.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

On carbon footprints and growing energy use

Could fractional reductions in the carbon footprint of a growing organization lead to a corresponding real reduction in atmospheric CO{sub 2} emissions in the next ten years? Curtis M. Oldenburg, head of the Geologic Carbon Sequestration Program of LBNL’s Earth Sciences Division, considers his own organization's carbon footprint and answers this critical question? In addressing the problem of energy-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and climate change, it is essential that we understand wh… more

Date: June 1, 2011

Creator: Oldenburg, C.M.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department