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in subjects: "Minutes Living Radioisotopes"

open access

Radiochemical analyses of soil and vegetation samples taken from the Hanford environs, 1971--1976

Soil and vegetation have routinely been collected on the Hanford Site and surrounding environs as one method of monitoring radionuclide concentrations potentially attributable to Hanford operations. With the exception of a few locations, the data indicate that Hanford operations have made no significant contribution to existing radionuclide concentrations in soil and vegetation. Most of the activity seen in the samples can be attributed to natural causes or worldwide atmospheric fallout. The fe… more

Date: June 1, 1977

Creator: Miller, M. L.; Fix, J. J. & Bramson, P. E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Compilation of yields from neutron-induced fission of /sup 232/Th, /sup 235/U, /sup 236/U, /sup 237/Np, /sup 238/U, and /sup 239/Pu measured radiochemically at Los Alamos

Radiochemically measured relative fission yields have been compiled for targets of /sup 232/Th, /sup 235/U, /sup 236/U, /sup 237/Np, /sup 238/U, and /sup 239/Pu that were irradiated with neutrons, the average energies of which were in the 0.0253-eV to 14-MeV range. The yields were examined for consistency by means of the two-mode-of-fission hypothesis. The circumstances associated with inconsistencies were investigated, but the yields in questions were rejected only when good cause was found. F… more

Date: October 1, 1975

Creator: Ford, G. P. & Norris, A. E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Study of the atmospheric chemistry of radon progeny in laboratory and real indoor atmospheres

This report covers the second year of the 28 month grant current grant to Clarkson University to study the chemical and physical behavior of the polonium 218 atom immediately following its formation by the alpha decay of radon. Because small changes in size for activity result in large changes in the delivered dose per unit exposure, this behavior must be understood if the exposure to radon progeny and it dose to the cells in the respiratory tract are to be fully assessed. Two areas of radon pr… more

Date: July 1, 1992

Creator: Hopke, P. K.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Environmental monitoring report on the status of ground water beneath the Hanford Site, January--December 1975

Evaluation of the gross beta (..beta../sub t/), tritium (/sup 3/H), and nitrate (NO/sub 3//sup -/) concentrations in groundwater sampled from near the surface of the unconfined groundwater system during 1975 indicates that zones of contamination extend in an easterly and southeasterly direction from the 200-E Area, as has been observed in the past. Tritium and NO/sub 3//sup -/ ion concentrations above background levels continue to be observed along the Columbia River in the vicinity of the 100 … more

Date: January 1, 1975

Creator: Myers, D. A.; Fix, J. J.; Blumer, P. J.; Raymond, J. R.; McGhan, V. L. & Hilty, E. L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

A consequence index approach to identifying radiological sabotage targets

One of the threats of concern to facilities using significant quantities of radioactive material is radiological sabotage. Both the Department of Energy (DOE) and the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission have issued guidance to facilities for radiological sabotage protection. At those facilities where the inventories of radioactive materials change frequently, there is an operational need for a technically defensible method of determining whether or not the inventory of radioactive material at a gi… more

Date: June 26, 1988

Creator: Altman, Willard D. & Hockert, John W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Issues in radioactive-waste management for fusion power

Analysis of recent conceptual designs reveals that commercial fusion power systems will raise issues of occupational and public health and safety. This paper focuses on radioactive wastes from fusion reactor materials activated by neutrons. The analysis shows that different selections of materials and neutronic designs can make differences in orders-of-magnitude of the kinds and amounts of radioactivity to be expected. By careful and early evaluation of the impacts of the selections on waste ma… more

Date: October 12, 1982

Creator: Maninger, R. C. & Dorn, D. W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Resonance computations for cells with fuel annuli

Two methods have been developed for the computation of resonance integrals in cells containing annular fuel regions. Both are based on rational approximations. One is a generalization of a one-term rational approximation method developed by Segev for a cell with a single fuel annulus. The second modifies the earlier Chen-Gelbard two-term method originally used for double-heterogeneity calculations. Both methods were tested, in cells with two fuel annuli, for various U{sup 235} and U{sup 238} re… more

Date: January 1, 1990

Creator: Hwang, R. N. & Gelbard, E. M.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Radiochemical studies for the nuclear chemical mining of copper. [Nuclear explosive fracturing]

Experiments were performed to study the long-term reactions of radioactive materials that would be produced in the nuclear chemical mining of chalcopyrite copper ore. These reactions were carried out in autoclaves for up to eight months at 2.76 MPa of oxygen and 363 K. Dissolving rates of radioactive glass in copper-leaching product solutions were determined by the gamma-counting of solution aliquots. The glass decomposition rate was linear at approximately 1 x 10/sup -10/ kg/s.m/sup 2/. A radi… more

Date: February 19, 1976

Creator: Jackson, D. D.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Integro-differential equation analysis and radioisotope imaging systems. Research proposal. [Testing of radioisotope imaging system in phantoms]

Design modifications of a five-probe focusing collimator coincidence radioisotope scanning system are described. Clinical applications of the system were tested in phantoms using radioisotopes with short biological half-lives, including /sup 75/Se, /sup 192/Ir, /sup 43/K, /sup 130/I, and /sup 82/Br. Data processing methods are also described. (CH)

Date: March 9, 1976

Creator: Hart, H.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Radiochemical analyses of game birds collected from the Hanford environs, 1971--1975. [/sup 90/Sr, /sup 137/Cs, /sup 65/Zn, /sup 60/Co]

Game birds were collected routinely on the Hanford Site as a way of monitoring radionuclide concentrations potentially attributable to Hanford operations. In general, radionuclide concentrations attributable to Hanford operations were only slightly greater than or indistinguishable from expected levels attributed to worldwide fallout. An exception was that /sup 137/Cs concentrations, primarily in ducks and coots, were higher than levels attributable to fallout. Only two observations, a /sup 90/… more

Date: July 1, 1977

Creator: Fix, J. J. & Blumer, P. J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Enrichment supply and technology outside the United States

This is a review of foreign uranium enrichment capacity and uranium isotope separation technology, based on news items and articles in the public literature. Tables are included presenting capacity plans, growth, sales, research and development, etc. (DLC)

Date: January 13, 1977

Creator: Levin, S. A. & Blumkin, S.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Activation of cobalt by neutrons from the Hiroshima bomb

A study has been completed of cobalt activation in samples from two new locations in Hiroshima. The samples consisted of a piece of steel from a bridge located at a distance of about 1300 m from the hypocenter and pieces of both steel and concrete from a building located at approximately 700 m. The concrete was analyzed to obtain information needed to calculate the cobalt activation in the two steel samples. Close agreement was found between calculated and measured values for cobalt activation … more

Date: February 1, 1990

Creator: Kerr, G. D.; Dyer, F. F.; Emery, J. F.; Pace, J. V. III; Brodzinski, R. L. & Marcum, J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant expansion: final environmental statement. Volume 1

Volume 1 is comprised of chapters on: background and description; environmental impacts of add-on gaseous diffusion plant; unavoidable adverse environmental effects; alternatives; relationship between short-term uses and long-term productivity; relationship of program to land-use plans, policies, and controls; irreversible and irretrievable commitments of resources; cost-benefit analysis; and response to comment letters. (LK)

Date: September 1, 1977

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Properties of radioactive wastes and waste containers. Quarterly progress report, October--December 1976. [Urea-formaldehyde; polymer; portland cement]

The cumulative quantities of free standing water resulting from the solidification of simulated wastes with urea-formaldehyde (UF) and portland type II cement were determined. The effect of the waste/solidification agent ratio on the cumulative free standing water for selected wastes solidified with UF was found to be related to sample shrinkage. Urea-formaldehyde decontamination factors for free standing water were determined with /sup 137/Cs, /sup 85/Sr, /sup 60/Co, and /sup 59/Fe. With the e… more

Date: April 1, 1977

Creator: Colombo, P. & Neilson, R. M. Jr.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Microprocessor-assisted calibration for a remote working level monitor. [Radon daughter monitoring]

A method is described for calibrating a Remote Working Level Monitor, an instrument which measures Working Level and Rn-daughter concentrations in the atmosphere. The method makes use of a microprocessor to calculate beta efficiencies for RaB and RaC from the counts accumulated in the RaA, Ra(B + C) and RaC' channels of the instrument. Both the alpha spectroscopic and total-alpha methods are used to determine the Rn-daughter concentrations. These methods require the processor to solve systems o… more

Date: January 1, 1976

Creator: McDowell, W. P.; Keefe, D. J.; Groer, P. G. & Witek, R. T.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Lasers for isotope separation

The Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory is conducting research on uranium enrichment. All processes being studied employ uranium molecules and use lasers to provide isotopic selectivity and enrichment. There are four well-defined infrared frequencies and two ultraviolet frequency bands of interest. The infrared frequencies are outside the range of the available lasers and an extensive research and development activity is currently underway. Lasers are available in the uv bands, however, much devel… more

Date: January 1, 1976

Creator: O'Hair, E. A. & Piltch, M. S.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Measurements of the neutron-induced fission cross sections of /sup 240/Pu and /sup 242/Pu relative to /sup 235/U. [0. 02 to 30 MeV, tables]

A continuation is given of the fission-cross-section ratio measurements in progress at the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory. Preliminary results are provided for the /sup 240/Pu//sup 235/U and /sup 242/Pu//sup 235/U ratios from 0.02 to 30 MeV and 0.1 to 30 MeV, respectively. Using the threshold-cross-section method, the ratios were normalized to the values 1.368 +- 0.030 and 1.116 +- 0.025, respectively, from 1.75 to 4.00 MeV.

Date: March 1, 1976

Creator: Behrens, J. W.; Browne, J. C. & Carlson, G. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Role of criticality models in ANSI standards for nuclear criticality safety

Two methods used in nuclear criticality safety evaluations in the area of neutron interaction among subcritical components of fissile materials are the solid angle and surface density techniques. The accuracy and use of these models are briefly discussed. (TFD)

Date: January 1, 1976

Creator: Thomas, J. T.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Exchange of lyotropic series cations by micaceous vermiculite and its weathering products determined by electron microscopy and radiochemical analysis. Progress report, August 1, 1974--October 31, 1977

Determination of layer charge of micas by /sup 235/U fission particle tracks (thermal neutron activated) was completed by a development of a unique method of UO/sup 2 +/ saturation at pH 2.4 and removal of excess salts physically. The U content and age-dating of soil micas was also accomplished by fission particle counting. Thermodynamic metastability of micaceous vermiculite in soils with reversible mica-vermiculite reactions were found to result in extremely tenacious natural fixation of Cs/s… more

Date: January 1, 1977

Creator: Jackson, M L & Helmke, P A

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Evaluation for ENDF/B-IV of the neutron cross sections for /sup 235/U from 82 eV to 25 keV

Capture and fission cross sections for /sup 235/U in the ''unresolved resonance'' energy region were evaluated to permit determination of local-average resonance parameters for the ENDF/B-IV cross section file. Microscopic data were examined for infinitely dilute average fission and capture cross sections and also for intermediate structure unlikely to be reproduced by statistical fluctuations of resonance widths and spacings within known laws. Evaluated cross sections, averaged over lethargy i… more

Date: May 1, 1976

Creator: Peelle, R. W.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Double blocking in the superdeformed sup 192 Tl nucleus

Six superdeformed bands have been found in the nucleus {sup 192}Tl. For two of the bands, the dynamic moment of inertia J{sup (2)} is found to be constant with the rotational frequency {Dirac h}. This result can be understood in terms of Pauli blocking of quasiparticle alignments in intruder orbitals, and represents the first experimental evidence that the alignment of these intruders is responsible for the smooth rise in J{sup (2)} seen in other superdeformed nuclei of this mass region.

Date: January 1, 1992

Creator: Liang, Y.; Carpenter, M. P.; Janssens, R. V. F.; Ahmad, I.; Henry, R.; Khoo, T. L. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

/sup 122/Xe--/sup 122/I generator: a preliminary report

A generator system is developed to produce the ultrashort-lived positron-emitter iodine-122 (3.62 m) from its parent xenon-122 (20.1 h). The parent xenon-122 can be produced as a by-product in the production of xenon-123 from proton irradiation of sodium iodide target. The generator consists of a xenon reservoir chamber and an ingrowth or milking chamber. The sequence of operation involves transferring xenon using liquid nitrogen from the reservoir to the milking vessel, allowing fresh iodine-1… more

Date: January 1, 1977

Creator: Richards, P. & Ku, T.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Interactions of radionuclides in water, particulates, and oysters in the discharge canal of a nuclear power plant. [Humboldt Bay reactor]

This study was designed to provide data for dynamic modeling of radioactive pollutants in marine ecosystems adjacent to nuclear power plants. The data are relevant to the dynamics of radionuclide transfer among seawater, suspended particulates, sediments, and biota. Gamma-emitting radionuclides (/sup 54/Mn, /sup 60/Co, /sup 65/Zn, and /sup 137/Cs) were followed in the water and particulates, as well as in oysters introduced into the discharge canal of the boiling water reactor of the Humboldt B… more

Date: August 19, 1976

Creator: Harrison, F. L.; Wong, K. M. & Heft, R. E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Example of a U(5) nucleus

Evidence is shown for the observation of five-closely spaced states in /sup 118/Cd with a centroid at 1989 keV which may represent the first identification of all five members of the three-phonon quintuplet. 11 refs., 2 figs.

Date: September 1, 1986

Creator: Aprahamian, A.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department