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Tritium effluent control project progress report, July--September 1975. [Tritiated liquid waste decontamination by molecular excitation, electrolysis of high-level tritiated water, and catalytic exchange detritiation studies]

Description: In the Tritiated Liquid Waste Decontamination (Molecular Excitation) program, it was found that a 1/4'' Nd:YAG amplifier and a Faraday rotator isolator must be added to the oscillator to obtain the required power for the laser excitation experiments. The isotopic selectivity of the two-photon dissociation process was examined in more detail. The selectivity or ratio of HTO to H/sub 2/O molecules that are photodissociated was found to be on the order of 25, which is inadequate for application to… more
Date: March 19, 1976
Creator: Kershner, Carl J. & Bixel, John C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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SHIVA laser: nearing completion

Description: Construction of the Shiva laser system is nearing completion. This laser will be operating in fall 1977 and will produce over 20 terawatts of focusable power in a subnanosecond pulse. Fusion experiments will begin early in 1978. It is anticipated that thermonuclear energy release equal to one percent that of the incident light energy will be achieved with sub-millimeter deuterium-tritium targets. From other experiments densities in excess of a thousand times that of liquid are also expected.
Date: May 12, 1977
Creator: Glaze, James A. & Godwin, Robert O.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Containment and recovery system for fuel-reprocessing plants

Description: Tritium containment and removal problems in a fuel-reprocessing plant are identified and conceptual process designs for reducing emissions to the environment to below 1 Ci/day are studied. The conceptual design recommended would allow an air atmosphere in the reprocessing-plant hall and would use a continuous-catalytic-oxidizer/molecular-sieve-adsorber cleanup system to maintain a 40-..mu..Ci/m/sup 3/ tritium level (5 ..mu..Ci/m/sup 3/ HTO) against 180 Ci/day leakage from components and process… more
Date: August 25, 1976
Creator: Galloway, T. R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Assessment of methods for analyzing gaseous mixtures of hydrogen isotopes and helium

Description: Mass spectrographic methods have served well in the past to analyze gaseous mixtures of the hydrogen isotopes. Alternate methods of analyses are reviewed which offer wider ranges and variety of isotopic determinations. This report describes possible improvements of the mass spectrographic determinations, gas chromatography, anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy, microwave-induced optical emission spectroscopy, and methods of measuring tritium using radiation detection devices. Precision, accuracy, lim… more
Date: October 20, 1976
Creator: Attalla, Albert; Bishop, Carl T.; Bohl, Donald R.; Buxton, Terrence L.; Sprague, Ronald E. & Warner, David K.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Physical research on liquid-metal systems. Annual report, July 1975--June 1976

Description: Physicochemical and thermodynamic studies of liquid-lithium-containing systems have continued. Pressure-composition isotherms for the Li-H system measured by a gravimetric technique are found to be in reasonably good agreement with earlier tensimetric results. Plateau-pressure studies of the Li-H, Li-D, and Li-T systems have been made at temperatures above and below the monotectic. The observed isotope effects were found to be near the predicted values. Measurements of the solubility of LiD in … more
Date: January 1, 1976
Creator: Maroni, V A; Calaway, W F; Veleckis, E; Yonco, R M; Cafasso, F A & Burris, L
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Effects of energy related activities on the plankton of the Chesapeake Bay. Section I. Work in progress. Progress report, 1 August 1975--31 July 1976

Description: Progress is reported on the following research projects: release of dissolved organic carbon by phytoplankton; plankton respiration and nutrient regeneration; bacterial utilization of labeled compounds; effects of heat and chlorine on natural assemblages of Chesapeake Bay phytoplankton; and nutrient flux between sediment and water. (HLW)
Date: April 1, 1976
Creator: Taft, J. L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Carbon-14 immobilization via the Ba(OH)/sub 2/8H/sub 2/O process

Description: The airborne release of /sup 14/C from various nuclear facilities has been identified as a potential biohazard due to the long half-life of /sup 14/C (5730 yrs) and the ease in which it may be assimilated into the biosphere. At Oak Ridge National Laboratory, technology is under development, as part of the Airborne Waste Management Program, for the removal and immobilization of this radionuclide. Prior studies have indicated that the /sup 14/C will likely exist in the oxidized form as CO/sub 2/ … more
Date: January 1, 1982
Creator: Haag, G. L.; Nehls, J. W. Jr. & Young, G. C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Comparisons of coded aperture imaging using various apertures and decoding methods. [gamma camera imaging of radionuclides in tissues]

Description: The utility of coded aperture ..gamma.. camera imaging of radioisotope distributions in Nuclear Medicine is in its ability to give depth information about a three dimensional source. We have calculated imaging with Fresnel zone plate and multiple pinhole apertures to produce coded shadows and reconstruction of these shadows using correlation, Fresnel diffraction, and Fourier transform deconvolution. Comparisons of the coded apertures and decoding methods are made by evaluating their point respo… more
Date: July 1, 1976
Creator: Chang, L. T.; Macdonald, B. & Perez-Mendez, V.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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(A clinical trial of neutron capture therapy for brain tumors)

Description: This document briefly describes recent advances in the author's laboratory. Topics described include neutron beam design, high- resolution autoradiography, boronated phenylalanine (BPA) distribution and survival studies in glioma bearing mice, computer- aided treatment planning, prompt gamma boron 10 analysis facility at MITI-II, non-rodent BPA toxicity studies, and preparations for clinical studies.
Date: January 1, 1990
Creator: Zamenhof, R. G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Three-phase region of D/sub 2/-DT-T/sub 2/

Description: Analogous to the triple point of a pure substance are a binary mixture's triple line and a ternary mixture's three-phase surface, where pressure, temperature, and composition must all be considered. The first three-phase study on a ternary hydrogen system, D/sub 2/-DT-T/sub 2/, is reported.
Date: June 23, 1977
Creator: Souers, P. C.; Kelly, E. M.; Roberts, P. E.; Fearon, D. & Tsugawa, R. T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Tritium Waste Control Project progress report: April--June 1976. [LIS; electrolysis; monitor; shipping container; catalytic exchange]

Description: Tritiated Liquid Waste Decontamination (Molecular Excitation): A preliminary economic study of water detritiation by laser isotope separation indicates possible advantages over the catalytic exchange process. The electric power requirements are a factor of 5 lower, resulting in a 50-percent reduction in operating costs. Capital costs for the two methods appear comparable. Additional attempts were made to determine the ir spectrum of HTO around the ..nu../sub 1/ band. However, carbon dioxide imp… more
Date: December 10, 1976
Creator: Bixel, J. C. & Kershner, C. J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Biological effects of radiation and related biochemical and physical studies. Proposal 3. Metabolic studies in cancer with radioactive isotopes. Progress report, October 1, 1975--September 30, 1976. [Lead]

Description: Separate abstracts were prepared for seven sections of this report that discuss diagnostic techniques using radioisotopes as tracers.
Date: November 12, 1976
Creator: Laughlin, J. S. & Myers, W. P. L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Tritium Waste Control Project progress report: January--March, 1976. [Tritiated liquid waste decontamination by molecular excitation and catalytic exchange detritiation studies]

Description: A series of experiments was conducted to determine the amount of tritium needed in the spectrometer cell to obtain the infrared spectrum of HTO in the 1 to 5 ..mu..m region. Experiments using HDO as a surrogate indicated that 400 mCi of tritium would be required. Test loading experiments with HTO were performed and monitored with an ionization chamber. Adsorption of water on the surfaces was found to be a serious problem in obtaining quantitative material balances in the system. Improved real-t… more
Date: September 27, 1976
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Environmental monitoring at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory: Annual report, 1987

Description: This report documents the results of the Environmental Monitoring Program at the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory (LLNL) for 1987. To evaluate the effect of LLNL operations on the local environment, measurements were made of direct radiation and a variety of radionuclides and chemical pollutants in ambient air, soil, sewage effluents, surface water, groundwater, vegetation, foodstuff, and milk at both the Livermore site and nearby Site 300. Evaluations were made of LLNL's compliance with the appli… more
Date: April 1, 1988
Creator: Holland, R. C. & Brekke, D. D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Computer simulation of recent laser driven implosions of glass microshells

Description: Recent experiments at the LLL 2.0 terawatt laser irradiation facility Argus have been conducted on glass microshells filled with equimolar DT gas. A variety of microshell dimensions and laser pulse widths have been used with the best results producing in excess of 10/sup 8/ fusion reactions. Numerical simulation of selected experiments using the LASNEX computer code confirm the measured performance. Peak DT ion temperatures of about 5 keV and densities of .2 gm/cm/sup 3/ are calculated and are … more
Date: October 22, 1976
Creator: Thiessen, A. R. & Larsen, J. T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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EBT time-dependent point model code: description and user's guide

Description: A D-T time-dependent point model has been developed to assess the energy balance in an EBT reactor plasma. Flexibility is retained in the model to permit more recent data to be incorporated as they become available from the theoretical and experimental studies. This report includes the physics models involved, the program logic, and a description of the variables and routines used. All the files necessary for execution are listed, and the code, including a post-execution plotting routine, is di… more
Date: July 1, 1977
Creator: Roberts, J. F. & Uckan, N. A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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In vivo metabolism of I-123 labeled semisynthetic low density lipoproteins

Description: We previously observed that small model beta-strand peptides (MBPs) selectively bind to human low density lipoprotein (hLDL) in vitro, and that some MBPs can be labeled with I-123-tyramine cellobiose (I-123-TyC). We hypothesized that metabolism of semisynthetic hLDL should mimic that of covalently labeled native hLDL, and planned to evaluate the biodistribution in rabbits of semisynthetic hLDL; to determine effects of prior oxidation and acetylation of the adsorbing hLDL on binding of MBPs and … more
Date: December 1, 1990
Creator: Harper, Paul V.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Methodology for estimating radiation doses due to tritium and radiocarbon releases. [Health hazards from thermonuclear reactors]

Description: Although the exact release rates of tritium (/sup 3/H) and /sup 14/C to the environment from a fusion power plant are not known, unit dose rates from postulated releases to air or to surface water can be calculated for a hypothetical individual and for population groups. Assuming a tritium release of 1 curie per year (Ci/yr) as HTO to the atmosphere, a hypothetical maximum individual residing near a fusion power plant might receive a dose rate of 2 x 10/sup -3/ millirem per year (mrem/yr). Assu… more
Date: September 1, 1976
Creator: Baker, D. A. & Soldat, J. K.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Tritium waste control project progress report, October--December 1975. [Tritiated waste decontamination by molecular excitation; catalytic exchange detritiation studies; development of shipping containers for tritiated liquid waste]

Description: In the tritiated liquid waste decontamination by molecular excitation studies, further calculations were performed on the hydrogen atom-water exchange reactions. Assembly and testing of the cell to be used for the measurement of the HTO IR spectrum were completed. As a result of findings from trial loadings using HD as a surrogate for HT in the oxidation system, it is believed that larger quantities of HTO will be required to obtain the desired ir spectrum. This appears to be a result of a sign… more
Date: July 30, 1976
Creator: Bixel, J. C. & Kershner, C. J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Tritium oxidation and exchange: preliminary studies

Description: The radiological hazard resulting from an exposure to either tritium oxide or tritium gas is discussed and the factors contributing to the hazard are presented. From the discussion it appears that an exposure to tritium oxide vapor is 10/sup 4/ to 10/sup 5/ times more hazardous than exposure to tritium gas. Present and future sources of tritium are briefly considered and indicate that most of the tritium has been and is being released as tritium oxide. The likelihood of gaseous releases, howeve… more
Date: May 1, 1978
Creator: Phillips, J. E. & Easterly, C. E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Development and use of a fifteen year-old equivalent mathematical phantom for internal dose calculations. [Radiation dose distributions from /sup 99m/Tc-labeled compounds]

Description: The existence of a phantom based on anatomical data for the average fifteen-year-old provides for a proficient means of obtaining estimates of absorbed dose for children of that age. Dimensions representative of an average fifteen-year-old human, obtained from various biological and medical research, were transformed into a mathematical construct of idealized shapes of the exterior, skeletal system, and internal organs of a human. The idealization for an average adult presently in use by the In… more
Date: June 1, 1976
Creator: Jones, R. M.; Poston, J. W.; Hwang, J. L.; Jones, T. D. & Warner, G. G.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Conversion of tritiated hydrogen to water in the atmosphere. [Review of current information; 96 references]

Description: The report summarizes present information on the atmospheric reactions of tritium. The global distribution of hydrogen and of water is first considered. Data on tritium distribution are then compared and, finally, known reactions which may convert tritiated hydrogen-containing molecules are discussed. Approximately 99 percent of the world's inventory of tritium exists as HTO. Although most of it is in the ocean, a significant portion still resides in the stratosphere. However, in the tropospher… more
Date: September 1, 1976
Creator: Burger, L. L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Environmental effects of a tritium gas release from the Savannah River Plant on December 31, 1975

Description: At 10:00 p.m. EST on December 31, 1975, 182,000 Ci of tritium gas was released within about 1.5 min from a tritium processing facility at the Savannah River Plant. The release was caused by the failure of a vacuum gage and was exhausted to the atmosphere by way of a 200-ft-high stack. Winds averaging 20 mph carried the tritium offplant toward the east. Calculations indicate that the puff passed out to sea about 35 miles north of Charleston, South Carolina, about 7 hr after the release occurred.… more
Date: March 1, 1976
Creator: Jacobsen, W. R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Labeling pharmaceuticals with radioactive isotopes. Technical progress report, December 1, 1975--November 30, 1976

Description: The purpose of this research is to prepare iodo- and bromo-aliphatic amino acid analogs labeled with ..gamma..-emitting isotopes (/sup 131/I, /sup 123/I and /sup 77/Br) for possible use as pancreas localizing agents. Studies on the halogen exchange reaction (I- for Cl-) for the synthesis of ..beta..-iodo-..cap alpha..-aminobutyric acid (a valine analog) have suggested that the iodo compound was formed initially. However, the desired compound cannot be isolated because of its chemical instabilit… more
Date: January 1, 1976
Creator: Blau, M. & Bender, M. A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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