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The Preparation of Cerium by Electrolysis of Molten Salts

Description: From abstract: "Electrolysis of cerium chloride or fluoride in the potassium chloride-lithium chloride eutectic mixture, or of cerium chloride in the calcium fluoride-lithium fluoride eutectic at 850° to 1000°C produces cerium metal in clean ingots in up to 80 per cent yield. Losses are chiefly due to oxyhalide formation in the presence of oxygen."
Date: 1947
Creator: Eastman, E. D.; Fontana, B. J. & Thurmond, C. D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Electromagnetic Research Division Quarterly Progress Report, Part I for Period Ending March 31, 1952

Description: From abstract: "Relocation of the ion source in the 86-inch cyclotron has increased the available beam energy substantially. Modifications have also been made to permit the use of targets of 100 square inches. Proton currents of one milliampere can now be obtained readily at ~24 Mev. The 63-inch cyclotron has been completely assembled and checked. In rf tests a 75 kv dee-to-dee voltage has been maintained, under vacuum, for long periods without evidences of failures, thus exceeding the 60 kv de… more
Date: 1952
Creator: Livingston, Robert S.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Solid State Division Quarterly Progress Report: August 1952

Description: This quarterly progress report discusses the ongoing work within the Solid State Division at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory for the period ending August 10, 1952. Projects discussed include radiation metallurgy, engineering properties, fused salts, crystal physics, and solid state reactions.
Date: January 30, 1959
Creator: Billington, D. S. (Douglas S.) & Howe, J. T.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Analytical Chemistry Division Quarterly Progress Report for Period Ending March 26, 1952

Description: This quarterly progress report discusses in detail the work done by the Analytical Chemistry Division at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. In particular, this report discusses the research and development work ongoing at the X-10 Site and the Y-12 Site.
Date: October 2, 1952
Creator: Kelley, M. T. & Susano, C. D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Performance of a solar heating system utilizing phase-change energy storage

Description: A model describing the transient behavior of a phase-change energy storage (PCES) unit is presented. Simulation techniques are used in conjunction with this model to determine the performance of a solar air-heating system utilizing PCES. The effects of storage size and heat transfer characteristics on the system performance are investigated. Optimum ranges of storage sizes are given for systems with paraffin wax and sodium sulfate decahydrate as storage media. Comparison is made between two sim… more
Date: January 1, 1976
Creator: Morrison, D. J. & Abdel-Khalik, S. I.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Optical properties of a solar-absorbing molten salt heat transfer fluid. [Eutectic mixture of KNO3, NaNO2, and NaNO3 with particle suspensions of cobalt oxides or copper oxides]

Description: The optical absorption properties of a high temperature molten salt heat transfer fluid were measured from 0.35 ..mu..m to 2.5 ..mu..m using both hemispherical transmission and reflection techniques. This fluid has application as a direct-absorbing working fluid in a high temperature central receiver solar energy facility. The absorption spectrum of the pure molten fluid--a eutectic mixture of KNO/sub 3/, NaNO/sub 2/, and NaNO/sub 3/, known as Hitec (Du Pont trade name)--displays a fundamental … more
Date: June 1, 1977
Creator: Drotning, W. D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The effect of low Au concentrations on the properties of eutectic Sn/Pb

Description: This study was of the effects moderately low Au concentrations ({le} 10 wt%) have on the mechanical properties and microstructure of an eutectic Sn/Pb alloy. Vibration (60--90 Hz swept sine wave for 30 hours) and thermal cycling (0--110C for 1450 cycles) reliability tests were performed on fine pitch leaded chip carriers using eutectic Sn/Pb solder on PCBs (printed circuit boards) with 0, 5, 10, 20, and 50{mu}in nominal Au thicknesses. Testing was also performed on double shear creep specimens … more
Date: May 1, 1992
Creator: Kramer, P. A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Survey of technology for storage of thermal energy in heat transfer salt

Description: The widespread use of nitrate-based fused salt mixtures as heat transport media in the petroleum and chemical process industries and in metallurgical heat-treatment operations has led to the development of satisfactory equipment for handling and containing these materials. A mixture known as heat transfer salt (HTS), which is composed of 40 percent NaNO/sub 2/, 7 percent NaNO/sub 3/, and 53 percent KNO/sub 3/ by weight, has been used commercially in large quantities as a heat transfer fluid. It… more
Date: January 18, 1977
Creator: Silverman, M. D. & Engel, J. R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Chop-leach fuel bundle residues densification by melting

Description: Two melting processes were investigated for the densification of fuel bundle residues: Industoslag melting and graphite crucible melting. The Industoslag process, with prior decontamination and sorting, can produce ingots of Zircaloy, stainless steel and Inconel of a quality suitable for refabrication and reuse. The process can also melt oxidized mixtures of fuel bundle residues for direct storage. Eutectic mixtures of these materials can be melted in graphite at temperatures of 1300/sup 0/C. H… more
Date: November 1, 1976
Creator: Nelson, R. G. & Griggs, B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Crystallography of preferred growth in lead--tin alloys

Description: The preferred growth of the lead--tin eutectic alloy was studied by use of electron channeling techniques in a scanning electron microscope. Four distinct crystallographic modes were found to exist depending on the imposed growth velocity. The extent of the range of the stability of each mode was experimentally determined in a directional solidification apparatus and rationalized in terms of simple physical reasoning. Microstructural observations are discussed in terms of the nature of the exte… more
Date: June 1, 1976
Creator: Mourer, D. P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Results from Boiling Temperature Measurements for Saturated Solutions in the Systems NaCl + KNO{sub 3} + H{sub 2}O, NaNO{sub 3} + KNO{sub 3} + H{sub 2}O, and NaCl + NaNO{sub 3} + KNO{sub 3} + H{sub 2}O

Description: Boiling temperature measurements have been made for saturated ternary solutions of NaCl + KNO{sub 3} + H{sub 2}O and NaNO{sub 3} + KNO{sub 3} + H{sub 2}O over the full solute mole fraction range, along with the limiting binary solutions NaCl + H{sub 2}O, NaNO{sub 3} + H{sub 2}O, and KNO{sub 3} + H{sub 2}O. Boiling temperatures have also been measured for the quaternary NaCl + NaNO{sub 3} + KNO{sub 3} + H{sub 2}O mixtures with KNO{sub 3}:NaNO{sub 3} mole ratios of 1.01 and 1.19, which correspond… more
Date: October 4, 2004
Creator: Rard, J A
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Partitioning Effects in Recrystallization of Silicon from Silicon-Metal Solutions

Description: The objective of this work is to investigate various silicon-metal eutectic systems that selectively retain detrimental impurities, such as Ni, Co, Fe, Cr, in the melt so that silicon may be purified. We studied possible interactions in the melt and in the silicon crystal between impurity elements and solvent metals that lead to reduced or enhanced impurity partition relative to the respective silicon-impurity binary systems. Systems such as Al- Si, Cu-Si, and In-Si show promises of reduced imp… more
Date: August 1, 2002
Creator: Good, E. A.; Wang, T. H.; Ciszek, T. F.; Frost, R. H.; Page, M. R. & Landry, M. D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Lithium--water--air battery project: progress during the month of March 1977. [LLL]

Description: The electrode behavior of the system, Ca/aq.-NaOH, NaCl, was investigated at ambient temperatures. Limiting currents were noted for intermediate concentrations of NaOH and NaCl, while rapid passivation at high ratios of NaOH to NaCl occurred. Low ratios of NaOH/NaCl yielded uncontrollable hydrogen evolution and rapid calcium dissolution. A model of the aqueous cell of the proposed system for the production of lithium was completed. The apparatus allows simultaneous determination of current effi… more
Date: April 11, 1977
Creator: Cooper, J. F.; Hosmer, P. K.; Kelly, B. E.; Krikorian, O. H. & Parrish, W. H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Design of a high-precision double crystal tunable monochromator

Description: This paper describes a UHV-compatible double crystal monochromator with independent drives for 2 linear and 2 angular crystal motions. Precise angular crystal positioning is achieved by using a spindle with a double gimbal mechanism, which converts linear motion of 0.1 micron to an angular motion of 0.042 arcsec. In order to decrease thermal distortions, the crystal intercepting white beam, is watercooled.
Date: November 1, 1993
Creator: Shleifer, M.; Sharma, S.; Woodle, M.; Rotela, E. & Brite, C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Directional solidification of the alumina-zirconia ceramic eutectic system

Description: It is possible to produce alumina-zirconia ceramic samples through existing solidification techniques. The resulting microstructures typically consist of rods of zirconia in an alumina matrix, although a lamellar structure has been noted in some cases. In nearly all cases, colony growth was present which may possibly result from grain size, repeated nucleation events, and lamellar oscillations. In the same vein, it appears that the amount of impurities within the system might be the underlying … more
Date: July 27, 1994
Creator: Boldt, C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Metal-mullite reactions

Description: Mullite was reacted with pure Al and with Ti or Zr dissolved in Ag-Cu eutectic alloys at 1100 C in Ar. Analysis of the Ti and Zr-containing specimens showed reaction zones with compositions of Ti{sub 50}Cu{sub 3O}O{sub 20} and ZrO{sub 2}, respectively. The Al-mullite specimen showed much more extensive penetration into the ceramic and a more diffuse reaction zone than the other two systems. Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} and Si were the main reaction products for Al-mullite reaction.
Date: November 1, 1993
Creator: Loehman, R. E. & Tomsia, A. P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Ge-Au eutectic bonding of Ge {l_brace}100{r_brace} single crystals

Description: We present preliminary results on eutectic bonding between two (100) Ge single crystal surfaces using thin films of Au ranging from 900{Angstrom}/surface and Pd(10% the thickness of Au). Following bonding, plan view optical microscopy (OM) of the cleaved interface of samples with Au thicknesses {le} 500{Angstrom}/surface show a eutectic morphology more conducive to phonon transmission through the bond interface. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) cross sectional interface … more
Date: August 1, 1993
Creator: Knowlton, W. B.; Beeman, J. W.; Emes, J. H.; Loretto, D.; Itoh, K. M. & Haller, E. E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The effect of low Au concentrations on the properties of eutectic Sn/Pb

Description: This study was of the effects moderately low Au concentrations ({le} 10 wt%) have on the mechanical properties and microstructure of an eutectic Sn/Pb alloy. Vibration (60--90 Hz swept sine wave for 30 hours) and thermal cycling (0--110C for 1450 cycles) reliability tests were performed on fine pitch leaded chip carriers using eutectic Sn/Pb solder on PCBs (printed circuit boards) with 0, 5, 10, 20, and 50{mu}in nominal Au thicknesses. Testing was also performed on double shear creep specimens … more
Date: May 1, 1992
Creator: Kramer, P. A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Advanced turbine design for coal-fueled engines. Phase 2, Corrosion of turbine hot gas path blading: Final report, December 1988--February 1993

Description: The environment within the advanced industrial gas turbine is highly oxidizing and contains the compounds, salts and oxides that accelerate the rate of oxidation of structural materials. Protective coatings which differ from each other and the superalloys in composition and phase morphology, enhance the oxidation and corrosion resistance of the superalloys. As temperatures increase, the relativity stability and long term effectiveness of the coatings is of concern. The interdiffusion of coating… more
Date: June 1, 1993
Creator: Bornstein, N.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Microstructural influences on the mechanical properties of solder

Description: Intent of this book is to review analytic methods for predicting behavior of solder joints, based on continuum mechanics. The solder is treated as a continuous, homogeneous body, or composite of such bodies, whose mechanical behavior is uniform and governed by simple constitutive equations. The microstructure of a solder joint influences its mechanical properties in 3 ways: it governs deformation and failure; common solders deform inhomogeneously; and common solders are microstructurally unstab… more
Date: April 1, 1993
Creator: Morris, J. W. Jr.; Goldstein, J. L. F. & Mei, Z.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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High resolution microstructural and microchemical analysis of zirconia eutectic interfaces. Progress report, July 1, 1992--June 30, 1993

Description: Resolution of microscopic analytical methods has greatly improved over the past decade, and it is now possible to examine periodic variations in structure and chemistry at a scale much finer than the spacing typical of eutectic structures (1-5 {mu}m). During the current year, studies were completed on ZrO{sub 2}-NiO and ZrO{sub 2}-MnO eutectic systems, and study was initiated on microchemical variation in two spinodal systems: Cu-Ni-Sn and SnO{sub 2}-TiO{sub 2}. Work was also initiated on metal… more
Date: March 17, 1993
Creator: Notis, M. R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Microanalysis of an oxidized cobalt oxide: Zirconia eutectic

Description: The compositions of CoO, Co{sub 3}O{sub 4}, and Ca-stabilized cubic ZrO{sub 2} in an oxidized directionally solidified CoO-ZrO{sub 2} eutectic were determined by PEELS and EDS. An oxygen gradient exists across the Co{sub 3}O{sub 4} with highest levels near the ZrO{sub 2} interface. Oxygen ELNES for CoO and Co{sub 3}O{sub 4} are quite different; published oxygen ELNES have been incorrectly attributed to CoO. Normalized Co-L{sub 23} white line intensity (WLI) ratios for CoO and Co{sub 3}O{sub 4} … more
Date: December 31, 1993
Creator: Bentley, J.; McKernan, S.; Carter, C. B. & Revcolevschi, A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Microstructural development and mechanical behavior of eutectic bismuth-tin and eutectic indium-tin in response to high temperature deformation

Description: The mechanical behavior and microstructure of eutectic Bi-Sn and In-Sn solders were studied in parallel in order to better understand high temperature deformation of these alloys. Bi-Sn solder joints were made with Cu substrates, and In-Sn joints were made with either Cu or Ni substrates. The as-cast microstructure of Bi-Sn is complex regular, with the two eutectic phases interconnected in complicated patterns. The as-cast microstructure of In-Sn depends on the substrate. In-Sn on Cu has a non-… more
Date: November 1, 1993
Creator: Goldstein, J. L. F.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Liquid metal MHD and heat transfer in a tokamak blanket slotted coolant channel

Description: A liquid metal MHD (Magnetohydrodynamic)/heat transfer test was conducted at the ALEX (Argonne Liquid Metal Experiment) facility of ANL (Argonne National Laboratory), jointly between ANL and NIIEFA (Efremov Institute). The test section was a rectangular slotted channel geometry (meaning the channel has a high aspect ratio, in this case 10:1, and the long side is parallel to the applied magnetic field). Isothermal and heat transfer data were collected. A heat flux of {approximately}9 W/cm{sup 2}… more
Date: December 31, 1993
Creator: Reed, C. B.; Hua, T. Q.; Black, D. B.; Kirillov, I. R.; Sidorenkov, S. I.; Shapiro, A. M. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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