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Investigations into the thermal defect of tissue-equivalent plastic. [A-150]

Description: The thermal defect, defined as the fraction of absorbed radiation energy which is not converted to heat energy in the calorimetric dosimetry absorber was investigated for A-150 tissue-equivalent plastic. Studies to measure the thermal defect as a function of proton energy and for various energies of alpha particles and the heavy recoil nuclei produced in tissue by neutrons are proposed along with a proposal to compare the thermal defects of A-150 plastic obtained from different laboratories and… more
Date: January 1, 1976
Creator: Goodman, L. J. & McDonald, J. C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Commercial production and distribution of fresh fruits and vegetables: A scoping study on the importance of produce pathways to dose

Description: This letter report summarizes a scoping study that examined the potential importance of fresh fruit and vegetable pathways to dose. A simple production index was constructed with data collected from the Washington State Department of Agriculture (WSDA), the United States Bureau of the Census, and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction (HEDR) Project staff from Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratories, in cooperation with members of the Tech… more
Date: September 1, 1992
Creator: Marsh, T. L.; Anderson, D. M.; Farris, W. T.; Ikenberry, T. A.; Napier, B. A. & Wilfert, G. L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project monthly report, August 1992

Description: The objective of the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction (HEDR) Project is to estimate the radiation doses that individuals and populations could have received from nuclear operations at Hanford since 1944. The project is divided into the following technical tasks. These tasks correspond to the path radionuclides followed from release to impact on humans (dose estimates): source terms; environmental transport; environmental monitoring data; demography; food consumption; and agriculture; a… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: McMakin, A. H.; Cannon, S. D. & Finch, S. M. (comps.)
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Biological effects of negative pions

Description: Most pion radiobiological work in the past was done at low dose rates using biological systems sensitive to small doses. Biological effects at the beam entrance were found to be nearly the same as conventional radiations, although some reports have indicated a higher RBE. LET distribution at the peak of a nearly monoenergetic pion beam is not much different from fast neutrons; therefore, one would expect similar biological responses, and the results are consistent with this hypothesis. The RBE … more
Date: January 1, 1976
Creator: Raju, M. R.; Amols, H. I.; Bain, E.; Carpenter, S. G.; Dicello, J. F.; Frank, J. F. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Measurements of anti W in methane tissue-equivalent gas for protons

Description: A set of measurements of anti W (the quotient of the energy of a directly ionizing particle by the number of ion pairs created as the particle stops) for protons and carbon ions in gases relevant to neutron dosimetry is reported. The results obtained thus far for protons in tissue equivalent gas are presented.
Date: January 1, 1976
Creator: Rohrig, N. & Colvett, R. D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project

Description: The objective of the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction (HEDR) Project is to estimate the radiation doses that individuals and populations could have received from nuclear operations at Hanford since 1944. The TSP consists of experts in environmental pathways, epidemiology, surface-water transport, ground-water transport, statistics, demography, agriculture, meteorology, nuclear engineering, radiation dosimetry, and cultural anthropology. Included are appointed technical members represen… more
Date: July 1, 1992
Creator: McMakin, A. H.; Cannon, S. D. & Finch, S. M. (comps.)
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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DNA Radiation Environments Program - Spring 1990 2-meter box experiments and analyses

Description: This report summarizes the Spring 1990 2-m Box Experiments performed at the Army Pulse Radiation Facility (APRF) at Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. These studies were sponsored by the Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA) under the Radiation Environments Program to obtain measured data for benchmarking the Adjoint Monte Carlo Code System, MASH, Version 1.0. MASH was developed as the Department of Defense and NATO code system for calculating neutron and gamma-ray radiation fields and shielding protect… more
Date: September 1, 1992
Creator: Santoro, R. T. & Whitaker, S. Y.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Ground-water contribution to dose from past Hanford Operations

Description: The Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction (HEDR) Project is being conducted to estimate radiation doses that populations and individuals could have received from Hanford Site operations from 1944 to the present. Four possible pathways by which radionuclides migrating in ground water on the Hanford Site could have reached the public have been identified: (1) through contaminated ground water migrating to the Columbia River; (2) through wells on or adjacent to the Hanford Site; (3) through we… more
Date: August 1, 1992
Creator: Freshley, M. D. & Thorne, P. D.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Effects of low-dose prenatal irradiation on the central nervous system

Description: Scientists are in general agreement about the effects of prenatal irradiation, including those affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Differing concepts and research approaches have resulted in some uncertainties about some quantitative relationships, underlying interpretations, and conclusions. Examples of uncertainties include the existence of a threshold, the quantitative relationships between prenatal radiation doses and resulting physical and functional lesions, and processes by which… more
Date: April 1, 1992
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Nonparametric analysis of an international neutron dosimetry intercomparison

Description: An International Neutron Dosimetry Intercomparison (INDI) was carried out in 1973 at the Radiological Research Accelerator Facility (RRAF) of Brookhaven National Laboratory under the sponsorship of the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU). Fourteen groups of scientists, from six countries, performed measurements to determine the separate neutron and photon (x- and gamma-ray) tissue kermas in free air for four energies of monoenergetic neutrons, 15.1, 5.5, 2.1, and… more
Date: January 1, 1976
Creator: Goodman, L. J.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Microdosimetry of radon progeny: Application to risk assessment

Description: We developed methods for calculating radiation doses to individual cells and cell nuclei of human bronchial epithelium from radon and progeny for specified levels of exposure, breathing rates, equilibrium factors, unattached fraction of progeny, and other factors that are important in radon dosimetry. If we also know which cells are likely precursors for cancer, and we also know their locations in the respiratory tract, we then may calculate the statistical probability that these cells are irra… more
Date: January 1, 1990
Creator: Fisher, D. R.; Hui, T. E.; James, A. C. & Bond, V. P.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Quality control program for the Hanford External Dosimetry thermoluminescent processing system

Description: The Hanford External Dosimetry Program is operated by Pacific Northwest Laboratory for the US Department of Energy (DOE). The program records official external occupational radiation doses for all Hanford Site employees and visitors in compliance with DOE Order requirements. This report documents the quality control (QC) program for External Dosimetry's thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) processing system. The focus of the External Dosimetry Program has been (1) to accurately calculate personnel… more
Date: September 1, 1992
Creator: Baumgartner, W. V.; Endres, A. W. & Reese, S. R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Residual radioactivity criteria

Description: This paper provides an overview of current and future decommissioning standards applicable in the United States. The standards promulgated by both the US Department of Energy (DOE) and the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), as well as standards proposed by the American National Standards Institute, are presented. A summary is presented of the recent NRC actions to produce revised residual radioactivity criteria.
Date: June 1, 1992
Creator: Kennedy, W. E. Jr.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project

Description: The objective of the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project is to estimate the radiation doses that individuals and populations could have received from nuclear operations at Hanford since 1944. The project is being managed and conducted by the Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories under contract with the Centers for Disease Control. The independent Technical Steering Panel (TSP) provides technical direction. The project is divided into the following technical tasks. These tasks co… more
Date: June 1, 1992
Creator: Finch, S. M. & McMakin, A. H.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Project Management Plan for the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project

Description: This Project Management Plan (PMP) describes the approach being used to manage the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction (HEDR) Project. The plan describes the management structure and the technical and administrative control systems used to plan and control HEDR Project performance. The plan also describes the relationship among key project participants: Battelle, the Centers for Disease control (CDC), and the Technical Steering Panel (TSP). Battelle's contract with CDC only extends throug… more
Date: September 1, 1992
Creator: Shipler, D. B.; McMakin, A. H. & Finch, S. M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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The development of early pediatric models and their application to radiation absorbed dose calculations

Description: This presentation will review and describe the development of pediatric phantoms for use in radiation dose calculations . The development of pediatric models for dose calculations essentially paralleled that of the adult. In fact, Snyder and Fisher at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory reported on a series of phantoms for such calculations in 1966 about two years before the first MIRD publication on the adult human phantom. These phantoms, for a newborn, one-, five-, ten-, and fifteen-year old, … more
Date: January 1, 1989
Creator: Poston, J. W.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Performance testing of radiobioassay laboratories: in-vivo measurements, pilot study report

Description: This document describes a project to evaluate the in-vivo counting performance criteria of draft ANSI Standard N13.30, Performance Criteria for Radiobioassay. The draft ANSI Standard provides guidance to in-vivo counting facilities regarding the precision and accuracy of measurements for certain categories of commonly assayed radionuclides and critical regions of the body. The draft ANSI Standard was evaluated by conducting an intercomparison test involving a number of whole-body counting facil… more
Date: October 1, 1986
Creator: Robinson, A. V.; Fisher, D. R.; Reece, W. D. & MacLellan, J. A.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Kerma factors for tissue compositions, compounds and mixtures. [Thermal to 30 MeV]

Description: Tables of calculated kerma factors for neutrons, being prepared for an ICRU report on Neutron Dosimetry for Biology and Medicine, are discussed. The philosophy and limitations of the calculations, some of the problems encountered, and new experimental and theoretical information needed to improve the knowledge of energy transfer to matter are covered. The tables cover the energy range from thermal to 30 MeV and will appear in the ICRU report. (GHT)
Date: January 1, 1976
Creator: Caswell, R. S.; Coyne, J. J. & Randolph, M. L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Development of a data base on radon in US homes and applications

Description: This research led to the development of the compilation of data on radon in homes which is included in this document. This research also contributed to the development of two papers analyzing the results. These are a case control study test and tests of the liner no-threshold theory for lung cancer induced by exposure to radon in residential buildings.
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Cohen, B. L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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BNL ALARA Center's development of a computerized radiological assessment and design system (RADS)

Description: The US Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Health Physics and Industrial Hygiene sponsored a study of Radiological Engineering Programs at selected DOE contractor facilities. This study was conducted to review, evaluate, and summarize techniques and practices that should be considered in the design phase that reduce dose and the spread of radioactive materials during subsequent construction and operation of DOE radiological facilities. As in a previous study on operational ALARA programs, a … more
Date: January 1, 1993
Creator: Dionne, B. J. (Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (United States)); Masciulli, S. (Vertechs Corp., Syracuse, NY (United States)) & Connelly, J. M. (Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States). Office of Health)
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project monthly report, May 1992

Description: The objective of the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project is to estimate the radiation doses that individuals and populations could have received from nuclear operations at Hanford since 1944. The project is divided into the following technical tasks. These task correspond to the path radionuclides followed, from release to impact on humans (dose estimates): Source terms, environmental transport, environmental monitoring data, demography, food consumption, and agriculture, and envi… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Finch, S. M. & McMakin, A. H. (comps.)
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Shield verification and validation action matrix summary

Description: WSRC-RP-90-26, Certification Plan for Reactor Analysis Computer Codes, describes a series of action items to be completed for certification of reactor analysis computer codes used in Technical Specifications development and for other safety and production support calculations. Validation and verification are integral part of the certification process. This document identifies the work performed and documentation generated to satisfy these action items for the SHIELD, SHLDED, GEDIT, GENPRT, FIPR… more
Date: February 1, 1992
Creator: Boman, C.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project monthly report, November 1992

Description: The objective of the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction (HEDR) Project is to estimate the radiation doses that individuals and populations could have received from nuclear operations at Hanford since 1944. The TSP consists of experts in environmental pathways, epidemiology, surface-water transport, ground-water transport, statistics, demography, agriculture, meteorology, nuclear engineering, radiation dosimetry, and cultural anthropology. Included are appointed members representing the s… more
Date: January 1, 1992
Creator: Cannon, S. D. & Finch, S. M. (comps.)
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Performance criteria for dosimeter angular response

Description: This report provides criteria for evaluating the response of personnel dosimeters to radiation at nonperpendicular incidence. The US Department of Energy Laboratory Accreditation Program (DOELAP) ensures that dosimetry systems at DOE facilities meet acceptable standards for precision and accuracy. In the past, these standards were limited to tests for system variability, energy dependence, and level of detection. The proposed criteria will broaden the scope of DOELAP to include the angular resp… more
Date: June 1, 1988
Creator: Roberson, P. L.; Fox, R. A.; Cummings, F. M.; McDonald, J. C. & Jones, K. L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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