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Radiation Doses to Hanford Workers from Natural Potassium-40

Description: The chemical element potassium is an essential mineral in people and is subject to homeostatic regulation. Natural potassium comprises three isotopes, 39K, 40K, and 41K. Potassium-40 is radioactive, with a half life of 1.248 billion years. In most transitions, it emits a β particle with a maximum energy of 0.560 MeV, and sometimes a gamma photon of 1.461 MeV. Because it is ubiquitous, 40K produces radiation dose to all human beings. This report contains the results of new measurements of 40K i… more
Date: February 13, 2009
Creator: Strom, Daniel J.; Lynch, Timothy P. & Weier, Dennis R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

A Mathematical Analysis of Atomistic-to-Continuum (AtC) Multiscale Approaches

Description: We development a general framework for information-passing and concurrent discrete to continuum scale bridging and applied it to biological, electro-mechanical and thermo-electrical systems. Funds were used for partial support of two post-doctoral research associates (Aiqin Li, Dawei Zhang) and three graduate students (Renge Li, Mohan Nuggehally, Joseph Riendeau).
Date: February 24, 2009
Creator: Fish, Jacob & Shephard, Mark
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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Determination of Basic Structure-Property Relations for Processing and Modeling in Advanced Nuclear Fuel: Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties

Description: The project objective is to study structure-property relations in solid solutions of nitrides and oxides with surrogate elements to simulate the behavior of fuels of inert matrix fuels of interest to the Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative (AFCI), with emphasis in zirconium-based materials. Work with actual fuels will be carried out in parallel in collaboration with Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). Three key aspects will be explored: microstructure characterization through measurement of globa… more
Date: March 1, 2009
Creator: Wheeler, Kirk; Parra, Manuel & Peralta, Pedro
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Strategies for the Commercialization and Deployment of Greenhouse Gas Intensity-Reducing Technologies and Practices

Description: New technologies will be a critical component--perhaps the critical component--of our efforts to tackle the related challenges of energy security, climate change, and air pollution, all the while maintaining a strong economy. But just developing new technologies is not enough. Our ability to accelerate the market penetration of clean energy, enabling, and other climate-related technologies will have a determining impact on our ability to slow, stop, and reverse the growth in greenhouse gas (GHG… more
Date: January 2009
Creator: Committee on Climate Change Science and Technology Integration
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Theoretical Studies of Nucleation Kinetics and Nanodroplet Microstructure

Description: The goals of this project were to (1) explore ways of bridging the gap between fundamental molecular nucleation theories and phenomenological approaches based on thermodynamic reasoning, (2) test and improve binary nucleation theory, and (3) provide the theoretical underpinning for a powerful new experimental technique, small angle neutron scattering (SANS) from nanodroplet aerosols, that can probe the compositional structure of nanodroplets. This report summarizes the accomplishments of this p… more
Date: January 31, 2009
Creator: Wilemski, Gerald
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Advanced Water-Gas Shift Membrane Reactor

Description: The overall objectives for this project were: (1) to identify a suitable PdCu tri-metallic alloy membrane with high stability and commercially relevant hydrogen permeation in the presence of trace amounts of carbon monoxide and sulfur; and (2) to identify and synthesize a water gas shift catalyst with a high operating life that is sulfur and chlorine tolerant at low concentrations of these impurities. This work successfully achieved the first project objective to identify a suitable PdCu tri-me… more
Date: January 7, 2009
Creator: Emerson, Sean; Vanderspurt, Thomas; Opalka, Susanne; Radhakrishnan, Rakesh & Willigan, Rhonda
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Note on Graphite Oxidation by Oxygen and Moisture

Description: Simplified equations of graphite oxidation are reviewed for semi-infinite slab, finite slab, and cylinder geometries, using the principal assumptions of linearized oxidation kinetics and quasi-steady state oxidation profile. All equations are coupled to a general surface mass transfer boundary condition. The equations include those for oxidant concentration distribution, surface oxidation rate, burnoff profile, and oxidation efficiency. This review also covers some areas that may not be well re… more
Date: February 1, 2009
Creator: Wichner, Robert; Burchell, Timothy D & Contescu, Cristian I
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

FINAL REPORT DOE Grant: DE-FG02-89ER45391

Description: The work reported here took place at the University of Minnesota from 07/01/1989 to 06/30/2006. Most of this work focused on computational materials applied to oxides during the first part of this funding period and to nanoscale materials toward the end of the funding period. This funding resulted in three monographs, 36 invited articles or book chapters, 160 articles in refereed journals and 89 invited talks. The funding helped train 13 PhD students and one masters student. The PI received two… more
Date: February 27, 2009
Creator: Chelikowsky, James R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Evaluation of the 2008 Lexus LS 600H Hybrid Synergy Drive System

Description: Subsystems of the 2008 Lexus 600h hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) were studied and tested as part of an intensive benchmarking effort carried out to produce detailed information concerning the current state of nondomestic alternative vehicle technologies. Feedback provided by benchmarking efforts is particularly useful to partners of the Vehicle Technologies collaborative research program as it is essential in establishing reasonable yet challenging programmatic goals which facilitate development… more
Date: January 15, 2009
Creator: Burress, T. A.; Coomer, C. L.; Campbell, S. L.; Wereszczak, A. A.; Cunningham, J. P.; Marlino, L. D. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Technical Approach for the Development of DOE Building America Builders Challenge Technology Information Packages (Revised)

Description: The U.S. Department of Energy has issued a challenge to the homebuilding industry to build 220,000 high-performance homes by 2012. To qualify, homes must meet the requirements of a performance path, prescriptive path, or participating in a partner program.
Date: August 1, 2009
Creator: Roberts, D. R. & Anderson, R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Consumptive water use in the production of ethanonl and petroleum gasoline.

Description: The production of energy feedstocks and fuels requires substantial water input. Not only do biofuel feedstocks like corn, switchgrass, and agricultural residues need water for growth and conversion to ethanol, but petroleum feedstocks like crude oil and oil sands also require large volumes of water for drilling, extraction, and conversion into petroleum products. Moreover, in many cases, crude oil production is increasingly water dependent. Competing uses strain available water resources and ra… more
Date: January 30, 2009
Creator: Wu, M.; Mintz, M.; Wang, M.; Arora, S. & Systems, Energy
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Michigan Technological Center for Nanostructured and Lightweight Materials in the Department of Chemical Engineering (Phase II)

Description: Summaries of the followings tasks are given in this report: Task 1 - Lightweight, Thermally Conductive Bipolar Plates for Improved Thermal Management in Fuel Cells; Task 2 - Exploration of pseudomorphic nanoscale overlayer bimetallic catalysts; Task 3 - Hybrid inorganic/organic polymer nanocomposites; Task 4 - Carbonaceous Monolithic Electrodes for Fuel Cells and Rechargeable Batteries; and Task 5 - Movement and Freeze of Water in Fuel Cell Electrodes.
Date: December 10, 2009
Creator: Mullins, M.; Rogers, T.; King, J.; Holles, J.; Keith, J.; Heiden, P. et al.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Novel imaging techniques, integrated with mineralogical, geochemical and microbiological characterizations to determine the biogeochemical controls on technetium mobility in FRC sediments

Description: The objective of this research program was to take a highly multidisciplinary approach to define the biogeochemical factors that control technetium (Tc) mobility in FRC sediments. The aim was to use batch and column studies to probe the biogeochemical conditions that control the mobility of Tc at the FRC. Background sediment samples from Area 2 (pH 6.5, low nitrate, low {sup 99}Tc) and Area 3 (pH 3.5, high nitrate, relatively high {sup 99}Tc) of the FRC were selected (http://www.esd.ornl.gov/na… more
Date: February 3, 2009
Creator: Lloyd, Jonathan R.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Fundamental Mechanisms of Interface Roughness

Description: Publication quality results were obtained for several experiments and materials systems including: (i) Patterning and smoothening of sapphire surfaces by energetic Ar+ ions. Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering (GISAXS) experiments were performed in the system at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) X21 beamline. Ar+ ions in the energy range from 300 eV to 1000 eV were used to produce ripples on the surfaces of single-crystal sapphire. It was found that the ripple wavelength v… more
Date: January 6, 2009
Creator: Headrick, Randall L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Voro++: a three-dimensional Voronoi cell library in C++

Description: Voro++ is a free software library for the computation of three dimensional Voronoi cells. It is primarily designed for applications in physics and materials science, where the Voronoi tessellation can be a useful tool in the analysis of densely-packed particle systems, such as granular materials or glasses. The software comprises of several C++ classes that can be modified and incorporated into other programs. A command-line utility is also provided that can use most features of the code. Voro+… more
Date: January 15, 2009
Creator: Rycroft, Chris
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Longitudinal Stability Calculations

Description: Coupled bunch longitudinal stability in the presence of high frequency impedances is considered. A frequency domain technique is developed and compared with simulations. The frequency domain technique allows for absolute stability tests and is applied to the problem of longitudinal stability in RHIC with the new 56 MHz RF system.
Date: January 2, 2009
Creator: Blaskiewicz, M.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Clean Cities Now, Vol. 13, No.1 - February 2009 (Brochure)

Description: Clean Cities Now is the official newsletter of DOE's Clean Cities program. It includes articles on coalition activities, fleet and stakeholder success stories, and helpful resources.
Date: February 1, 2009
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Next Generation Integrated Environment for Collaborative Work Across Internets

Description: We are now well-advanced in our development, prototyping and deployment of a high performance next generation Integrated Environment for Collaborative Work. The system, aimed at using the capability of ESnet and Internet2 for rapid data exchange, is based on the Virtual Room Videoconferencing System (VRVS) developed by Caltech. The VRVS system has been chosen by the Internet2 Digital Video (I2-DV) Initiative as a preferred foundation for the development of advanced video, audio and multimedia c… more
Date: February 24, 2009
Creator: Newman, Harvey B.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Removal of Solids From Highly Enriched Uranium Solutions Using the H-Canyon Centrifuge

Description: Prior to the dissolution of Pu-containing materials in HB-Line, highly enriched uranium (HEU) solutions stored in Tanks 11.1 and 12.2 of H-Canyon must be transferred to provide storage space. The proposed plan is to centrifuge the solutions to remove solids which may present downstream criticality concerns or cause operational problems with the 1st Cycle solvent extraction due to the formation of stable emulsions. An evaluation of the efficiency of the H-Canyon centrifuge concluded that a suffi… more
Date: January 15, 2009
Creator: Rudisill, T. & Fernando Fondeur, F.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Final Technical Report - Commercially Important Carbohydrate Diacids - Building Blocks from Renewable Carbohydrates

Description: The primary objective of this project was to develop oxidation methods appropriate for the conversion of agriculturally derived simple sugars to their corresponding diacids (aldaric acids) for use as biobased chemical building blocks for new biodegradable polymers and other materials. Principal target diacids were D-glucaric, meso-xylaric, D-mannaric and L-arabinaric acid, each to be prepared by nitric acid oxidation of the naturally occurring precursor carbohydrates (monosaccharides) D-glucose… more
Date: January 7, 2009
Creator: Kiely, Donald E.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
open access

Improved Wood Properties Through Genetic Manipulation: Engineering of Syringyl Lignin in Softwood Species Through Xylem-Specific Expression of Hardwood Syringyl Monolignol Pathway Genes

Description: Project Objective: Our long-term goal is to genetically engineer higher value raw materials with desirable wood properties to promote energy efficiency, international competitiveness, and environmental responsiveness of the U.S. forest products industry. The immediate goal of this project was to produce the first higher value softwood raw materials engineered with a wide range of syringyl lignin quantities. Summary: The most important wood property affecting directly the levels of energy, chemi… more
Date: January 29, 2009
Creator: Joshi, Chandrashekhar P. & Chiang, Vincent L.
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department
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