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Shock characterization of Diallyl Phthalate (DAP)

This study involved the shock characterization of Diallyl Phthalate (DAP), in particular, the equation of state as measured by the shock Hugoniot. Tests were done between 1 and 11 GPa impact shock pressure. The Hugoniot parameters were determined to be: [rho][sub 0]= 1.743, C[sub 0] = 2.20, and S = 2.33.

Date: September 1, 1992

Creator: Weirick, L.J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Compression wave studies in Oakhall limestone

A series of 15 large amplitude (0-4.0 GPa) compression wave experiments have been performed on Oakhall limestone using impact techniques. Time-resolved particle velocity profiles were determined with window laser interferometry. Three experiments were performed at each impact velocity on samples of different thickness and stress-strain behavior was determined through Lagrangian analysis of the measured wave profiles. Two shock-induced phase transformations are observed within the range of the d… more

Date: March 1, 1983

Creator: Grady, D. E.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Effect of Impact Limiter Material Degration on Structural Integrity of 9975 Package Subjected to Two Forklift Truck Impact

This paper evaluates the effect of the impact limiter material degradation on the structural integrity of the 9975 package containment vessel during a postulated accident event of forklift truck collision. The analytical results show that the primary and secondary containment vessels remain structurally intact for Celotex material degraded to 20% of the baseline value.

Date: July 9, 2007

Creator: Wu, T.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Shock initiation of high-density PETN

The prompt (1- to 3-..mu..s), planar shock initiation of 1.75-g/cm/sup 3/ (98.4 percent crystal density) pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) has been studied with impact-generated shocks and observations with the explosive wedge technique and quartz and embedded-Manganin pressure-gauge measurements. Dynamic compression properties, shock buildup to detonation, and pressure-field histories during initiation were determined. An analysis of the latter data show that shock-induced decomposition begi… more

Date: January 1, 1976

Creator: Wackerle, J.; Johnson, J. O. & Halleck, P. M.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Shock phase transformation and release properties of aluminum nitride

Aluminum nitride is characterized by a non-recoverable volume phase transformation from the wurtzite (hexagonal) to the rocksalt (cubic) structure that commences about 22 GPa, accompanied by a volume strain of about 20%. A study of the manifestation of this large volume change under shock loading was made with four uniaxial strain impact experiments. Particle velocity histories of the shock and release states were obtained corresponding to impact pressures of 40 GPa, including the evolution of … more

Date: December 31, 1993

Creator: Kipp, M. E. & Grady, D. E.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Isolation of a piezoresistive accelerometer used in high acceleration tests

Both uniaxial and triaxial shock isolation techniques for a piezoresistive accelerometer have been developed for pyroshock and impact tests. The uniaxial shock isolation technique has demonstrated acceptable characteristics for a temperature range of {minus}50{degree}F to +186{degree}F and a frequency bandwidth of DC to 10 kHz. The triaxial shock isolation technique has demonstrated acceptable results for a temperature range of {minus}50{degree}F to 70{degree}F and a frequency bandwidth of DC t… more

Date: December 31, 1992

Creator: Bateman, Vesta I.; Brown, Fred A. & Davie, Neil T.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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High temperature science: future needs and anticipated development in high-density shock-wave research

Shock-wave experiments on condensed matter currently achieve pressures up to 5 Mbar, and temperatures over 20,000/sup 0/K. In this report we survey a number of experimental methods that, in the next decade, may increase the conditions by an order of magnitude. These advanced experiments will allow us to investigate a new range of physics problems.

Date: March 7, 1979

Creator: Ross, M.; Ahrens, T. J. & Nellis, W. J.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

VISCOUS ATTENUATION OF EXPLOSIVE SHOCKS IN TUBES.

No Description Available.

Date: January 1, 1967

Creator: Dresner, L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Effect of Shock Compression Method on the Defect Substructure in Monocrystalline Copper

Monocrystalline copper samples with orientations of [001] and [221] were shocked at pressures ranging from 20 GPa to 60 GPa using two techniques: direct drive lasers and explosively driven flyer plates. The pulse duration for these techniques differed substantially: 40 ns for the laser experiments at 0.5 mm into the sample and 1.1 {approx} 1.4 {micro}s for the flyer-plate experiments at 5 mm into the sample. The residual microstructures were dependent on orientation, pressure, and shocking meth… more

Date: September 23, 2005

Creator: Cao, B. Y.; Lassila, D. H.; Schneider, M. S.; Kad, B. K.; Huang, C. X.; Xu, Y. B. et al.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Ductile-brittle transition behavior of tungsten under shock loading conditions

In an effort to characterize the ductile-brittle transition behavior of warm forged tungsten under shock loading conditions, we have performed shock/soft-recovery experiments at 22 and 4000 C. Results at 22 C indicate that shock (19 GPa) induced strains appear to be accommodated by fracture processes, i.e. there were no indications of shock induced plastic deformation and the test sample was reduced to rubble. At 400 C, the test sample was recovered intact and the shock induced plasticity cause… more

Date: February 1, 1993

Creator: Lassila, D. H. & Gray, G. T., III

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Shear stress prediction in shock loaded copper

The stress-strain behavior during the shock rise of a 30 kbar and 54 kbar shock in copper is modeled using a plastic constitutive model that includes rate and temperature dependent hardening and accounts for the transition from thermally activated to viscous drag controlled deformation at high strain rates. A slight modification to the treatment of the mobile dislocation density within the model from that originally proposed leads to better agreement with the shock data than achieved previously… more

Date: January 1, 1991

Creator: Follansbee, P.S.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Response of the polymers KEL-F, polysulfone, high density polyethylene and polymethylmethacrylate to shock loading and release from 0. 3 to 2. 4 GPa

The Bauer PVDF stress-rate gauge has been used to study the response of the cited polymers from measurements at the impact surface and in-situ'' at sample thicknesses of 1.5 and 3 mm. The PVDF stress- rate dependent piezoelectric output combined with appropriate signal recording techniques allow accurate recording over the broad range of stress rates encountered during shock compression of polymers. Strong viscous response effects are observed. The release velocity is found to increase strongly… more

Date: January 1, 1991

Creator: Anderson, M.U.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Force reconstruction for impact tests of an energy-absorbing nose

Delivery of a bomb into hard targets at speeds of up to 120 fps required the design of an energy-absorbing nose. The purpose of the nose is to decelerate the projectile and, by absorbing the kinetic energy with deformation, protect the projectile's internal components from high-level (shock) decelerations. A structural simulation of the projectile was designed to test the dynamic deformation characteristics of the energy-absorbing nose. The simulated projectile was instrumented with eight accel… more

Date: 1990~

Creator: Bateman, Vesta I.; Garne, Thomas G. & McCall, David M.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Dynamic response of porous calcium carbonate minerals

A theoretical study of the shock-loaded response of calcium carbonate materials is presented in which both dry and water-saturated samples with porosities up to 50 percent are considered. Data are presented for the unloading response from 15.0 and 18.5 GPa, and calculations from a mixture model using a Mie-Grueneisen equation of state with volume-dependent parameters are compared to both the Hugoniot and the isentropic unloading response.

Date: January 1, 1985

Creator: Drumheller, D.S. & Grady, D.E.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Adjustable Shock Test Sled for Haversine Pulses at 250 fps

New test requirements were developed by Sandia National Laboratory to simulate a regime of shock testing not previously performed at the Kansas City Plant operated by Honeywell Federal Manufacturing & Technologies. These environments were unique in that they involved amplitude of shock >1000g with relatively long pulse durations (greater 5 ms but less than 10 ms) and involved velocity changes up to 235 ft/sec. Ten months were available to develop, design, manufacture and prove-in this new capab… more

Date: May 5, 2008

Creator: Hartwig, Troy; Hower, Brent & Seaholm, Aaron

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Aluminum Honeycomb Characteristics in Dynamic Crush Environments

Fifteen aluminum honeycomb cubes (3 in.) have been crushed in the Mechanical Shock Laboratory's drop table testing machines. This report summarizes shock experiments with honeycomb densities of 22.1 pcf and 38.0 pcf and with crush weights of 45 lb, 168 lb, and 268 lb. The honeycomb samples were crushed in all three orientations, W, L, and T. Most of the experiments were conducted at an impact velocity of {approx}40 fps, but higher velocities of up to 90 fps were used for selected experiments. W… more

Date: July 1, 1999

Creator: Bateman, Vesta I. & Swanson, Lloyd H.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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EMMA: Electromechanical Modeling in ALEGRA

To ensure high levels of deterrent capability in the 21st century, new stockpile stewardship principles are being embraced at Sandia National Laboratories. The Department of Energy Accelerated Strategic Computing Initiative (ASCI) program is providing the computational capacity and capability as well as funding the system and simulation software infrastructure necessary to provide accurate, precise and predictive modeling of important components and devices. An important class of components req… more

Date: December 31, 1996

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Multidimensional DDT modeling of energetic materials

To model the shock-induced behavior of porous or damaged energetic materials, a nonequilibrium mixture theory has been developed and incorporated into the shock physics code, CTH. The foundation for this multiphase model is based on a continuum mixture formulation given by Baer and Nunziato. This multiphase mixture model provides a thermodynamic and mathematically-consistent description of the self-accelerated combustion processes associated with deflagration-to-detonation and delayed detonatio… more

Date: July 1, 1995

Creator: Baer, M. R.; Hertel, E. S. & Bell, R. L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Shock initiation study of PBX-9404

Pressure-field histories during the sustained and short-duration shock initiation of PBX-9404 explosive (plastic-bonded HMX) have been determined with embedded Manganin gauges. Numerical integration of the conservation relations and an assumed equation of state are used to obtain the decomposition histories during the initiation process. In both cases, this process is effected by reaction originating near the impact face producing pressure pulses that overtake the shock front and enhance its st… more

Date: January 1, 1978

Creator: Wackerle, Jerry; Rabie, R. L.; Ginsberg, M. J. & Anderson, A. B.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Enhanced diffusion in shock activated Be-Al interfaces

Enhanced diffusion of aluminum in shock activated beryllium has been observed. Cylindrical samples of aluminum coated beryllium rods were axisymetrically loaded up to 40 GPa and a total residual strain of up to 6.7%. The defect microstructure produced by both the shock wave and strain enabled the transport of aluminum in beryllium to exceed its equilibrium solid state saturation. This {open_quotes}super saturated{close_quotes} aluminum, upon heating exsolves out at relatively low temperatures a… more

Date: May 1, 1997

Creator: Staudhammer, K.P.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Hugoniot measurements near 50 MBAR

A planar shock generated in the vicinity of an underground nuclear explosion was used to obtain Hugoniot data at 6.7 TPa for uranium relative to a molybdenum standard in an impedance matching experiment. Twenty-seven electrical contact pins were used to measure shock velocities of 27.0 and 22.8 km/s (+- 1%) in the molybdenum and uranium, respectively. The measurement differs from theory by more than 2.5 times the experimental uncertainty and represents the highest pressure at which Hugoniot dat… more

Date: January 1, 1979

Creator: Ragan, C. E., III

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

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Mechanical Properties of Striated Uranium Slugs

No Description Available.

Date: November 1955

Creator: Holzworth, M. L.

Item Type: Report

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Use of the LLNL 40 kV electric gun to study the shock response of 21-6-9 stainless steel

Exploding foil-flyer plate (''electric gun'') methods have been used to shock 21-6-9 stainless steel over a wide range of shock pulse amplitudes (20 to 53 GPa) and durations (10 to 70 ns). Dislocation generation and twinning have been studied in recovered specimens with the results providing support for the concept of finite rate plastic processes. 24 refs., 6 figs., 1 tab.

Date: July 15, 1987

Creator: Brusso, J. A.; Mikkola, D. E.; Bloom, G.; Lee, R. S. & Von Holle, W.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department

open access

Shock wave studies of snow

Shock-wave studies of snow have been conducted at stress levels of up to 40 MPa. Analysis of embedded gauges and shock-reverberation techniques were used to determine shock pressure-density data for snow with initial densities ranging from 100 kg m{sup {minus}3} to 520 kg m{sup {minus}3} and temperatures ranging from {minus}2{degrees}C to {minus}23{degrees}C. Shock velocities ranged from about 170 m s{sup {minus}1} (for low density snow) to about 280 m s{sup {minus}1} (for high density snow). A… more

Date: January 1, 1991

Creator: Johnson, J. B.; Blaisdell, G. L.; Sturm, M.; Barrett, S. A.; Brown, J. A. & Gaffney, E. S.

Item Type: Article

Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department